Lynneth Posted June 9, 2009 Report Share Posted June 9, 2009 (edited) [OOC: Work in Progress. More to come (eventually) Links to each individual post: General stuff Wonders of Singapore Treaties and Embassies Police Force and Armed Forces Weapons & Equipment Vehicles Navy Airforce NOTE! Almost all pictures are clickable, leading to big versions! /OOC] Location of Singapore in the world The flag of Singapore The Coat of Arms National Anthem Unofficial Anthem Capital City of Singapore (Downtown Core, Central) 1°14′N 103°55′E Government Parliamentary republic President - Goh Chok Tong Prime Minister - Lee Hsien Loong Speaker of Parliament - Abdullah Tarmugi Chief Judge - Chan Sek Keong Gross Domestic Product and Government spending GDP: 2,255,128,196,475 Dollars GDP per capita: 135,351.4 $ GDP in S$: 1,454,358,439,620.14 Singapore Dollars GDP per capita in S$: 93,307.2 S$ 1 S$ = 1.5506 $ Tax rate: 29% Government budget: 18% to mandatory civilian upkeep costs, 15% to education, 14% land reclamation and other projects, 13% to government research grants, 10% to healthcare, 8% to military, 7% to infrastructure expansion, 5% to police, 5% to transport, 3% to total miscellaneous spending, 2% unassigned. Total spending: 654 billion dollars Lands and Population As almost the entire island is a single, huge city, the individual cities have turned into districts rather than being their own cities. 16,938,397 people live in Singapore. Age structure 0-14 years 15.6% 1,366,115 1,276,27515-64 years 76.1% 6,290,378 6,599,74165 years and over 8.3% 622,807 783,079 Birth rate 9.34 births/1,000 populationDeath rate 4.28 deaths/1,000 populationNet migration rate 9.12 migrants/1,000 populationSex ratio at birth 1.08under 15 years 1.0715-64 years 0.9565 years and over 0.80total population 0.96Infant mortality rate 2.29 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth total population: 81.71 years male: 79.13 years female: 84.49 years Literacy Aged 15 years & above Total 96.1% Male 98.6% Female 93.6% Education Total 16,938,396 100.0%No qualification 3,319,925 19.6%Primary 2,049,545 12.1%Lower secondary 1,846,285 10.9%Secondary 4,166,845 24.6%Upper secondary 1,676,900 9.9%Polytechnic 1,050,180 6.2%Other Diploma 829,981 4.9%University 1,981,792 11.7% Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 9, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 9, 2009 (edited) Wonders of Singapore. Land Reclamation Program (Agriculture Development Program) Singapore has precous little land, and thus on-going land reclamation projects with earth obtained from its own hills, the seabed, and neighbouring countries. As a result, Singapore's land area grew from 581.5 km² in the last years to 704 km² today, and may grow by another 100 km² within the next years. Anti-Air Defense Network Like any respectable nation, Singapore has a network of anti-air defenses. Those of Singapore, however, are highly advanced, using numerous technological advances to extend the effective range of the missiles to almost 500 kilometers, making it capable of shooting planes down before they can fire their payload. Singapore Intel Bureau (Central Intelligence Agency) While being largely neutral, the government has recognised that some nations may seek to cause harm to Singapore. This led to the establishment of the SIB, which is mainly tasked with finding enemy agents and rooting them out, making it considerably harder for hostile nations to infiltrate the country and gather information. Disaster Relief Agency While Singapore rarely experiences major natural disasters, many nations around the world experience these things rather regularly, because of which the DRA was made. Currently, the agency works alone, but there are plans to work together with the White Cross for greater efficiency. Fallout Shelter System Wars happen, the past has proven that. For this, bunkers - relatively shallow, but with strong and modern materials - have been built, so that the populace has greater chances of surviving in the event of attacks with weapons of mass-destruction. Foreign Airforce Base An Airforce Base has been built in Promised Land. There are plans to establish another Foreign Airforce Bases in Andonia (part of the Dragon Empire). The statue of Stamford Raffles (Great Monument) This statue has been erected at the location where he first landed at Singapore. He is recognised as the founder of modern Singapore. Great Temple Religious tolerance is essential in Singapore. From colonial times up to the independence of the island state, racial and religious harmony have been the top priority of the governing institutions. For this reason, a multireligious temple has been built, where every religion in Singapore is represented and can be practised. The National University of Singapore (Great University) is Singapore's oldest university. It is the largest university in the country in terms of student enrollment and curriculum offered, and arguably the most successful one at that, with more than 90% of all attending students succeeding in their chosen field/s. Hidden Nuclear Missile Silo In a nuclear world, even with many state pledging to never strike first, strong measures must sometimes be taken. Somewhere within the national waters of Singapore, below the seabed, these silos have been built. Expensive, yes, but of great use in a true emergency. Internet While every nation has internet in one or another way, the small size of Singapore made it possible to distribute this glorious invention to almost the entire populace, at extremely high speeds rarely seen outside of the country. Mass Rapid Transit (Interstate System) The MRT is a rapid transit system that forms the backbone of the railway system in Singapore, spanning the entire city-state. The initial section of the MRT is one of the oldest metro systems in the region. Since the first line, the network has since grown rapidly as a result of Singapore's aim of developing a comprehensive rail network as the main backbone of the public transport system in Singapore with an average daily ridership of 5.005 million in the last year, about half of the bus network's 9.501 million in the same period. The MRT has 224 stations (4 not in operation) with 380.5 kilometres of lines. Manhattan Project Singapore possesses nuclear warheads. Originasian Pictures (Movie Industry) Originasian Pictures is a content producer of films and television programmes based in Singapore. It is also strategically placed as a film marketing and promotions entity. The company was made in an attempt to revive the declining movie industry of Singapore and the results are already showing. Singapore Science Park (National Research Lab) The SSP is a research, development and technologies hub in Singapore. It was set up under a government initiative to provide an infrastructure for R&D to flourish in Singapore. Ministry of Defense (Pentagon) The MINDEF is entrusted with overseeing the defence needs of the Republic of Singapore. It has a policy of Total Defence which consists of Military Defence, Civil Defence, Economic Defence, Social Defence and Psychological Defence. Social Security System While highly capitalist in many senses, the government of Singapore realizes that without a working society, a country cannot grow. The SSS was created to strengthen the poor and provide some competition for the rich, ensuring that both sides would try to do their best in strengthening themselves and the economy. (Space Program) [Classified] Singapore Exchange (Stock Market) The SGX is the stock exchange in Singapore. SGX was formed on December 1, 1999, following the merger of two established and well-respected financial institutions - the Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES) and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX). Currently, the Singapore Exchange has 762 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $1.539 trillion, though it is expected to rise quickly now that it will be opened to the world. Singapore Total Defense Initiative (Strategic Defense Initiative) There are numerour nuclear states in the world, and sometimes, more than fallout shelters are needed. Thus, the STDI was established. Its primary means of interception are high-powered electrolasers at high ranges, anti-ballistic missiles as secondary means at medium ranges and high-powered chemical lasers at lower ranges as tertiary defense line. It has not been tested before, but it will hopefully never be used at all. Water Supply Independence Program [WSIP] (Universal Health Care) The water resources of Singapore are especially precious given the small amount of land and territory in Singapore's geography while having a large urban population in the city-state. Thus, the WSIP was brought to life, to improve Singapore's water-independence over the course of several years. Without natural freshwater lakes, the primary domestic source of water in Singapore is rainfall, collected in reservoirs or water catchment areas. Prior to the opening of the Marina Bay reservoir, rainfall supplied approximately 35% of Singapore's water; that rose to about 56% due to the additional catchment area. The remainder is imported from various neighbouring countries, recycled from waste water (producing NEWater) and produced via desalination. This "four tap" strategy aims to reduce reliance on foreign supply and to diversify Singapore's water sources. Singapore Weapons Research Program (Weapons Research Complex) The SWRP was created to propel Singapore ahead of other armies in the world. The program is largely successful, with weapons such as the SAR 21 rifle or PEGASUS light-weight howitzer. In the future, more advancements will be announced, but many are classified at the time. Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 10, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 10, 2009 (edited) Treaties and Embassies Treaties Dragon Empire - Free Trade (unilateral) Promised Land - Free Trade Pax Pacifica Viniland - NAP/Free Trade Empire of Korea - SingaKorean treaty, MDP. Rebel Army - Rebely in Malay treaty, MDoAP Embassies From: Promised Land - Rick Richards Republic of Mariehamm - TBA Khmer Empire - Chhay Loun Viniland - Paulo Chen To: Promised Land - Chiam See Tong Republic of Mariehamm - Law Sin Ling Khmer Empire - Tan Lead Shake Viniland - Tan Soo Phuan Foreign bases: Rebel Army - Air base Promised Land - Air base, Naval base New Cymru - Naval base OOC: Send me a PM if I miss anything. Edited June 15, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 10, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 10, 2009 (edited) Police force of Singapore The Singapore Police Force - SPF - is the main agency tasked with maintaining law and order in the city-state. Formerly known as the Republic of Singapore Police (Abbreviation: RSP), it has grown from an 11-man organisation to a 119,491 strong force. It enjoys a relatively positive public image and is credited for helping to arrest Singapore's civic unrests and lawlessness in its early years, and maintaining the low crime rate today despite having a smaller police-citizen ratio compared to other major cities. Dark blue (or more accurately Dacron blue) is the organisational colour of the Singapore Police Force. The total budget for the SPF is 32,699,358,849 $, or about 5% of the governmental budget. Like every governmental organisation in Singapore, the SPF is equipped with highly advanced technology, justifying this high Budget. A SPF Defender. A SPF Fast Response Car. Police Tactical Unit officers on patrol. General nature Law enforcement Local civilian police Sworn members 119,491 Departments 16 Stations 147 Police boats 241 Agency executive Khoo Boon Hui, Commissioner of Police Parent agency Ministry of Home Affairs The exact organisation is as following: There are numerous laws which have to be upheld. The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) The SAF's declared mission statement is to "enhance Singapore's peace and security through deterrence and diplomacy, and should these fail, to secure a swift and decisive victory over the aggressor." The SAF is split into three branches. Singapore Army (SA) Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) The SAF protects the interests, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Singapore from external threats. It relies heavily on a large pool of conscripts in the active and reserve forces. It has an active strength of around 232,000 personnel and is capable of mobilising over 960,000 reservists. Minister for Defence Teo Chee Hean Chief of Defence Force Lt. Gen. Desmond Kuek Bak Chye Military age 16.5 years of age (voluntary) Conscription 18 years of age, 24 month period Available for military service 4,523,648, age 18–49 Fit for military service 3,270,109, age 18–49 Active personnel 232,000 (incl. 127,360 conscripts) Reserve personnel 968,300 Budget 52,318,974,158 $ Percent of GDP 2.3% Percent of governmental budget 8% Defence policy Deterrence and diplomacy have been the fundamental tenets of Singapore's military defence policy. According to military and strategic analysts, such as Tim Huxley in Defending the Lion City, Singapore is known to be using a forward-defence military doctrine. Press statements from MINDEF describe the SAF as a deterrent force. The SAF's declared mission statement is to "enhance Singapore's peace and security through deterrence and diplomacy, and should these fail, to secure a swift and decisive victory over the aggressor." Total Defence In 1984, the Total Defence concept was introduced to augment the need for the entire country, and not just the military, to contribute and work together in national defence issues. Consisting of five key aspects, namely Military Defence, Civil Defence, Economic Defence, Social Defence, and Psychological Defence, it is actively promoted annually in schools as well as to the general public through schemes, programmes, courses as well as utilising the mass media to spread its message. Manpower As the size of Singapore's resident population was not considered to allow a military fully composed of regular soldiers, National Service was introduced in 1987 to build up the required manpower resources in a relatively quick and cost-effective fashion. Today, a career military force of 104,640 is supplemented by 127,360 men on active National Service duty. The main force actually comprises 968,300 or so Operationally-Ready National Servicemen (ORNSmen). Women are exempt from National Service, but have served in both combat and non-combat roles, some as combat officers, but mostly in clerical and logistic positions in the earlier years. The range of positions available to women has been expanded gradually, but is still limited. In July 2007, the SAF launched an exhibition highlighting the contributions of women in the armed forces. National Service All fit and able-bodied Singaporean men are enlisted into military service, or Full-Time National Service (NSF). It is compulsory for all said men who have reached 18 years of age and are not deferred for educational reasons. Full-time national service (NSF) was initially three years for commissioned officers and two years for other ranks, but it was later changed to two years and six months for soldiers with the rank of Corporal or higher, and two years for those with the rank of Lance Corporal or lower. In June 2004, NSF was shortened to two years for all full-time national servicemen (NSFs), regardless of rank, due to changes in population demographics and manpower requirements. Upon completion of their NSF stint, servicemen will be considered as having reached their operationally-ready date (ORD) and will be known as operationally-ready national servicemen (NSmen). Most NSmen will have to go through a 10-year cycle of military training with their assigned NS unit. NSmen are called up annually for training, courses and physical fitness tests. Training All combatant troops go through a 3-month Basic Military Training (BMT), held either at the Basic Military Training Centre on the offshore island of Pulau Tekong, or at the various military units which directly accept mono-intake recruits. Recruits go through courses including field craft, basic jungle survival, camouflaging, operating their personal weapon and basic marksmanship. Non-mono-intake recruits are also assessed during BMT to spot potential officers and specialists, who are thereafter posted to the Officer Cadet School or the School of Infantry Specialists respectively. Other recruits are posted to various units or schools, where they may continue on specialised vocational training. Military education Initially, commissioned officers were drawn exclusively from the ranks of Singaporeans who had completed their GCE A levels or embarked on tertiary studies. While the requirements have since been relaxed, the SAF has still been criticized for "using a promotion system that is based more on education and scholarships than on proven competence" Officers receive their initial leadership training at the tri-service Officer Cadet School (OCS) in the SAFTI Military Institute (SAFTI MI), which is the Home of the Officer Corps. As they progress in their career, they may undergo further formal military education at the SAF Advanced Schools and the Singapore Command and Staff College, also at SAFTI MI. In parallel, Specialists first receive leadership training at the School of Infantry Specialists (SISPEC) at Pasir Laba Camp, home of the Warrant Officer and Specialist Corps. Future Platoon Sergeants and Company Sergeant Majors receive further instruction at the Advanced Specialist Training Wing (ASTW) in the SISPEC. Specialists undergo further education at the SAF Warrant Officer School before receiving their appointments as Warrant Officers. OCS and SISPEC both have an infantry-based curriculum; special-to-arms training for both officers and WOSPECs is conducted at various training institutes and establishments such as the SAF Medical Training Institute (SMTI), Signals Institute (SI), Engineer Training Institute (ETI), Armour Training Institute (ATI), Supply & Transport Centre (STC), Ordnance Engineering Training Institute (OETI), etc. Pointer is the official journal of the SAF. It is a quarterly publication distributed to all Officers and Warrant Officers, which helps with their ongoing professional education. Legislation Under the SAF Act the president has the authority to raise and maintain the SAF. The president also has the power to form, disband or amalgamate units within the SAF. The Armed Forces Council (AFC) administers matters relating to the SAF under the SAF Act. The AFC consists of: ministers who are responsible for defence matters and any other minister who has been assigned to assist them; the Permanent Secretaries of MINDEF; the Chief of Defence Force (CDF); the Chief of Army (COA); the Chief of Air Force (CAF); the Chief of Navy (CNV); and not more than four other members as the president may appoint if the president, acting in his discretion, concurs with the advice of the prime minister. Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 10, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 10, 2009 (edited) Weapons and equipment of the SAF Advanced Combat Man System The Singapore Armed Forces' Advanced Combat Man System (ACMS) is part of the SAF's move to establish a 3rd Generation fighting force to progressively provide tactical units with network capabilities. Key Components Personal Radio The radio enables soldiers to share information, in the form of data and voice, with other soldiers. It has a built-in Global Positioning System (GPS) that helps the soldier's command headquarters to track his location and that of friendly forces. Communication Keypad This portable keypad, designed for easy data input, also has hotkey buttons such "On-Contact" and "Call-For-Medic" to enable quick updates of the team's status to the command headquarters, and request assistance from nearby forces at the push of a button. Portable Computer The brain of the ACMS, the portable computer processes data collected by sensors, GPS, other ACMSs and user input to provide real-time information updates on the battlefield. Head-mounted display (HMD) The HMD can switch its displays from a digital map to satellite images of the terrain to videos captured by the various sensors. Through the HMD, soldiers can see locations of targets and friendly forces which are plotted on the digital map. Weapon Interactor The section commander will also have an additional camera attached to his SAR 21, so that he can capture and send back images to the command headquarters through the quick buttons on the handguard. The sensor also allows him to survey and fire around corners without exposing himself. In addition to the ACMS, soldiers are equipped with remote sensors such as a surveillance ball, a remote-control surveillance car and a key-hole sensor. Deployment of the ACMS In each seven-man section, the section commander as well as two team leaders will be equipped with the ACMS. This allows the entire section to function as part of a larger network and tap on the wider resources of the battalion and call for more responsive and precise fire support. SAR 21 The SAR 21 ("Singapore Assault Rifle - 21st Century") is a bullpup assault rifle designed and manufactured in Singapore. It was designed and developed over a four-year period and is intended to replace the locally license-built M16S1 by the Singaporean Ministry of Defence, Singapore Army, the Chartered Industries of Singapore and ST Kinetics. Many of its design features are directly intended to counter the weaknesses of the M16 as encountered operationally by some infantrymen. Design Made of a rugged, high impact polymer, most of the manufacturing is done utilising CNC machines, with ultrasonic welding for the steel-reinforced receiver halves and the gun barrel being cold hammer forged. It uses a modified Kalashnikov/Stoner operating system, boasting higher reliability and lower recoil. The translucent magazine allows precise assessment of current ammo load. The SAR 21 is also the first production assault rifle of its class to incorporate a built-in Laser Aiming Device (LAD) (powered by a single "AA" battery) as standard, which can emit visible or infrared beams. The rifle incorporates various patented safety features, such as a Kevlar cheek plate and overpressure vent that protects the shooter in the unlikely event of a chamber explosion or catastrophic failure. It also has an integral 1.5x optical scope that is built into its carrying handle. The scope aids in target acquisition, particularly under low light conditions. The scope is factory-zeroed, and requires minimal further zeroing to suit different users. This minimizes non-training range time. The on/off switch for the LAD is on the left handguard; when holding the weapon at ready, the left thumb rests naturally on it. Variants Light Machine Gun (LMG) Fitted with an open bolt, it has a heavy 513 mm barrel with an integral folding bipod. Sharpshooter Same as the basic SAR 21, but has 3.0x optical sight instead of standard 1.5x sight. The sight picture is composed of luminous black paint, allowing easier target engagement at night without use of the LAD. Grenade Launcher (GL) Attached with a CIS 40 mm or M203 grenade launcher. Several sub-variants/prototypes incorporate different targeting modules (or mounted on p-rails) for grenade target acquisition. Known sights to have been used include aiming quadrants, various optical sights and laser fire control systems. P-rail Has a Picatinny rail in place of its integral optical sight. Charging handle is moved to the left hand side of the weapon (Interchangeable with right side). Modular Mounting System (MMS) Has integral optical sight and LAD removed to allow a wide variety of add-on tactical accessories, such as vertical assault grips, tactical lights and reflex sights. Charging handle is moved to the left hand side of the weapon. Similar to P-rail model with exception of shorter barrel. Light Weight Carbine A light weight SAR 21 variant was revealed during a recent Defence Exhibition held in conjunction with the Singapore Aerospace Agency. The variant boasts an ultra-short barrel, shorter handguards and an integral holo-dot aiming recticle. A Picatinny rail is used as well. Type Assault rifle Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2006–present Used by Singapore Production history Designer Chartered Industries of Singapore (CIS) Designed 2004 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2006–present Variants See Variants Specifications Weight 3.82 kg (SAR 21) 5.3 kg (SAR 21 40 GL/M203) 3.6 kg (SAR 21 P-Rail) 3.5 kg (SAR 21 MMS) 3 kg (SAR Light Weight Carbine) Length 805 mm (SAR 21; 40 GL/M203; P-Rail) 680 mm (SAR 21 MMS) 640 mm (SAR 21 Light Weight Carbine) Barrel length 508 mm Cartridge 7.62x51mm Action Gas-operated, rotating bolt Rate of fire 450–650 rounds/min Muzzle velocity 970 m/s (M193) 945 m/s (SS109) Effective range 460 m (M193) 800 m (SS109) Feed system 30-rd box mag; plastic or STANAG mags Sights 1.5x or 3x optical sight; back-up iron sights MATADOR MATADOR (Man-portable Anti-Tank, Anti-DOoR) is a 90 mm man-portable, disposable anti-armor weapon system developed by Singapore. It is an updated version of the Armbrust design, and operates on the same principles. The development of this weapon began in 2003 and the MATADOR will eventually replace the Armbrust Light Anti-tank Weapon which has been in service for several decades. The MATADOR was developed jointly by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) and the Defence Science & Technology Agency (DSTA), in collaboration with a CIS and ST Kinetics joint team. Capabilities The MATADOR is among the lightest in its class. The warhead is effective against both vehicle armour and brick walls. The weapon has little backblast, making it safe for operation in confined spaces. It is capable of defeating the armour of most known armoured personnel carriers and light tanks in the world. The dual-capability warhead, when acting in the delay mode, creates an opening greater than 450 mm in diameter in a double brickwall, and acting as an anti-personnel weapon against those behind the wall, offering an unconventional means of entry when fighting in built-up areas. The MATADOR's projectile is largely insensitive to wind due to its propulsion system which results in a highly accurate weapon system. Warhead The warhead can be used in both High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) and High Explosive Squash Head (HESH) modes against armor and walls or other fortifications respectively. Selection is done by extending a "probe" (simply a fuse extender) for HEAT mode and leaving the "probe" retracted for HESH mode. Countermass system Similar to the Armbrust, the countermass counteracts the recoil of the weapon upon firing. The countermass consists of shredded plastic which is projected out of the rear of the weapon when it is fired. This plastic is rapidly slowed by air resistance allowing the weapon to be fired safely within an enclosed space. In addition, the positioning of the countermass takes into consideration the centre of gravity of the weapon to ensure good balance for greater accuracy. MATADOR and Armbrust comparison Variants Further variants of MATADOR have also been developed by CIS and ST Kinetics, designed primarily for anti-structure use by soldiers operating in dense urban environments. MATADOR-MP Multi-purpose weapon with a warhead effective against a wide variety of ground targets, from light armoured vehicles to fortified positions and urban walls. As with the initial MATADOR, this is achieved with a dual-mode fuze, which has been improved on the MATADOR-MP such that it now automatically discriminates between hard and soft targets rather than requiring the operator to manually make the selection. A dedicated targeting device, mounted on its Picatinny rail, incorporates a reflex sight and laser rangefinder to provide a high hit probability. MATADOR-WB Specialised wall-breaching weapon, featuring an Explosively-formed Ring (EFR) warhead that breaches a man-sized hole, between 75-100cm across, in typical urban walls. MATADOR-AS Anti-structure weapon with an advanced tandem warhead that can also be set between two modes. The anti-emplacement mode uses an enhanced blast effect to defeat structures and fortifications, while the penetrating/mouse-holing mode defeats light armoured vehicles and creates mouseholes in urban walls. MATADOR, compared to an older SIMON grenade launcher. Type Anti-armor Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2004 - Present Used by Singapore Production history Designer Singapore Armed Force Defence Science & Technology Agency Chartered Industries of Singapore ST Kinetics Designed 2003 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Specifications Weight 8.9 kg Length 1 m Caliber 90 mm Muzzle velocity 50 m/s Effective range 500 m Feed system Disposable Sights Integral optical sights Night Vision Device on a Picatinny rail DSR-Precision DSR 50 sniper rifle The DSR-Precision DSR 50 sniper rifle is manufactured in Singapore by DSR-Precision Corp.. It is a scaled-up version of the DSR-1 smiper rifle made by the same company, but with certain improvements necessary to handle powerful .50 caliber ammunition, which include hydraulic recoil buffer in buttstock and special 'blast compensator' barrel attachment, which serves as a muzzle brake and also reduces flash and sound of the muzzle blast. The DSR 50 is configured into bull-pup design, with free-floating barrel. The folding bipod is mounted onto upper rails (above the barrel), and the adjustable horisontal front grip is mounted on the lower rails (under the barrel). The rifle features fully ajustable buttsock and cheekpiece. The holder for spare magazine is installed in the front of the triggerguard to decrease reloading time. DSR 50 action features match-grade, fluted barrel that is quickly interchangeable and is fixed into receiver by three screws. The bolt features six radial lugs that lock directly into the barrel. The barrel is protected by ventilated aluminium handguard and is fitted with muzzle brake (wery useful when firing full-power magnum loads). The trigger is two-stage, ajustable. Type Sniper rifle Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2007 - present Used by Singapore Production history Designer Chartered Industries of Singapore (CIS) Designed 2005 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2007 - present Specifications Caliber(s) 12.7x99mm / .50 BMG Operation bolt action Barrel 800 mm Weight 10.3 kg empty Length 1350 mm (with blast compensator) Feed Mechanism 3 rounds detachable box magazine Miklor MGL Mk.1 40mm grenade launcher The Miklor MGL six-shot 40mm grenade launcher is one of the world's first mass-produced multi-shot 40mm hand-held weapon. Developed by the Singapore company Miklor, it entered production in 2003, and served with Singapore Armed Forces for more than twenty years. Since 2006, an improved version of the basic design entered the production, it has been designated MGL Mk.1. Miklor MGL offers significant firepower increase, compared to M79 single shot 40mm launcher. The rapid-fire capability (six shots in less that three seconds) is essential in ambush situations and in quick-pacing urban warfare. The most recent modifications of the Mk.1 launcher are the Miklor Mk.1S and Miklor MK-140. These two launchers differ from original Mk.1 by having stronger, stainless steel frame (as opposed to the original aluminium frame), as well as by having four Picatinny-type accessory rails around the barrel. The difference between Mk.1S and Mk-140 is the length of the cylinder - while Mk.1S retains the original cylinder, the Mk-140 has a longer cylinder, which can accommodate a wider variety of the less-lethal 40mm ammunition, which usually has longer warheads. Both types also an fire all standard 40x46mm 'lethal' ammunition, including HE, HE-FRAG, HEDP and others. The Miklor Mk.1 is a revolver type, hand-held grenade launcher. The six-shot cylinder is rotated by the clockwork-type spring for each shot. Spring is wound manually during the reloading. For reloading, the rear part of the frame (along with the pistol grip) is unlocked and then rotated sideways around the top strut of the frame, until the chambers in the cylinder are exposed for reloading. Once cylinder is reloaded, the rear part of the frame is rotated back and locked into position. The double-action firing mechanism has a manual safety above the pistol grip. All Mk.1 launchers are fitted with the red-dot type sight, with range scale. Modern versions, M.1S and Mk.1L, also can be fitted with other types of sighting equipment, using Picatinny rail on the top of the barrel. The top folding shoulder stock has a rubber recoil pad. Caliber 40x46mm 40x46mm Type multi-shot revolver multi-shot revolver Overall length, shoulder rest open/folded 730 / 630 mm 787 / 661 mm Weight 5.3 kg empty (5.6 kg Mk. 1S) 6 kg empty Effective range 150 m point targets; up to 400 m area targets Same Capacity 6 rounds 6 rounds XM307 ACSW Advanced Crew-Served Weapon / automatic grenade launcher The origins of the XM307 Advanced Crew Served Weapon (ACSW), also known as XM307 25mm Airbursting Weapon System, lie in the several military documents, published in Singapore during the late 1980s. These documents stated that current small arms have reached its peak in development, and the only currently possible way to increase combat effectiveness and single-shot lethality of such weapons is do develop new guns that will fire air-bursting munitions with programmable fuses. Following these conclusions, SAF initiated development of several so-called Objective weapons. After much development, the prime contractor for ACSW program was selected as Defence Science & Technology Agency (DSTA) and ST Kinetics. First demonstrated in around 1999 as 25mm OCSW, in 2006 the XM307 ACSW was on advanced stages of development, with several prototypes already tested with live ammunition, including air-bursting rounds. Initial plans called for first SAF units to be equipped with 25mm M307 ACSW weapons by 2008. For added versatility, XM307 can be easily converted to fire .50 caliber machinegun ammunition (12.7x99) with replacement of just 5 parts. The key to greatly increased combat effectiveness of the ACSW system is programmable air-bursting ammunition, which will be used in conjunction with an electronic fire control unit. This ammunition will allow it to precisely engage enemy personnel in open or in cover, without the need for direct impact in the target area. Other types of ammunition proposed for XM307 ACSW are HEAT (with required armor penetration up to 5cm / 2in), non-lethal (with tear gas for peace-keeping applications) and training rounds with dummy warheads. The XM307 Advanced Crew Served Weapon is gas operated, rotating bolt locked weapon that uses a differential recoil system for decreased peak recoil. XM307 is a belt fed weapon that fires from open bolt. The belt feed and bolt cycling are operated by conventional gas action. The fire control unit includes zoomable day and night vision channels that output the sight picture to the small display at the rear of the sight. Integral laser range-finder allows for precise range measurement, necessary for automatic point of aim correction and for programming of the air-bursting fuzes. XM307 weapon is fitted with dual, ergonomically shaped spade grips with triggers and fire and sight control buttons. Additional buttons are located at the rear of the sight / fire control unit, below the eyepiece. In standard applications, XM307 can be used either on lightweight infantry tripod, or on vehicle mounts, manually or remotely controlled. For vehicular applications, GDATP will develop the dual feed option, which will allow to select the type of ammunition (anti-personnel HEAB or armour-piercing) at the instant before firing. Type Automatic GL Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2008 - present Used by Singapore Production history Designer Defence Science & Technology Agency ST Kinetics Designed 1999 - 2005 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2008 - present Specifications Caliber 25x59mm Type gas operated, belt fed automatic grenade launcher Overall length 1328 mm Weight 22.7 kg complete with tripod mount and sight / fire control unit Effective range up to 2000 m against point targets, 3600 m maximum Rate of fire 250 rounds per minute ST Kinetics MG4 The MG4 is a belt-fed 5.56 mm light machine gun designed and developed by the Singapore company ST Kinetics. The weapon was developed in 2000 and was first seen publicly in September 2002. It has been selected to replace the 7.62 mm MG3 general purpose machine gun in the SAF at the squad support level; it will complement the MG3 in other roles. Overall, it is designed to be light, provide maximum safety to the user and function reliably under adverse conditions using a wide range of ammunition from different manufacturers, without the need to adjust the gas system. The MG4 is an air-cooled, belt-fed gas-operated weapon with a positively locked rotary bolt and is somewhat similar in concept to the Belgian Minimi light machine gun. Firing is fully automatic only. Safety mechanisms on the MG4 includes a manual safety incorporated into fire mode selector toggle; setting the fire selector lever on the "safe" position blocks the trigger mechanically and locks the bolt in the $@ed position. When the bolt is not pulled back completely, accidental firing is prevented by an integral, automatic mechanism that prevents the bolt from traveling forward. In addition, the firing pin cannot reach the cartridge primer until the cartridge has been fully chambered. The machine gun is fed from a disintegrating belt and is carried out in two stages from the top left using an enhanced pawl mechanism. Spent cases are ejected downwards, although ejection to the right is an option. The MG4 has a hammer-forged quick-change barrel that can be safely exchanged when hot without the need for protective gloves; the carrying handle serves as the barrel change grip. To reduce the overall length of the weapon for transport, the butt stock can be folded to the left side of the receiver. With the buttstock folded the MG4 remains fully operable. A field cleaning kit is housed within the stock. A folding bipod is provided. Supporting interfaces are integrated into the receiver to allow the MG4 to be mounted on the standard M112A1 tripod for increased accuracy and stability. In its standard form the MG4 is equipped with closed type iron sights with range settings up to 1,000 m in increments of 100 m. Optical or night sights or laser pointers can be mounted on a length of MIL-STD-193 Picatinny rail located on the receiver feed tray cover. Type Light machine gun Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2003–present Used by Singapore Armed Forces Production history Designer ST Kinetics Designed 2000 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2002–present Specifications Weight 8.15 kg (17.97 lb) Length 1,030 mm (40.6 in) stock extended 830 mm (32.7 in) stock folded Barrel length 482 mm (19.0 in) Width 96 mm (3.8 in) Height 228 mm (9.0 in) Cartridge 5.56x45mm Action Gas-operated, rotating bolt Rate of fire 775–885 rounds/min Muzzle velocity 980 m/s (3,215 ft/s) Maximum range Approx. 1,000 m Feed system Disintegrating link belt Sights Iron sights; MIL-STD-1913 rail provided for optics Nail Nail is a third generation anti-tank guided missile developed by the Singapore Defence Science & Technology Agency Ltd. Overview Nail is a fire-and-forget missile with lock-on before launch and automatic self-guidance. The missile is equipped with an imaging infrared seeker. The long, extended and medium range versions of the Nail also has the capability of Fire, Observe and Update operating mode, by the use of fiber-optical wire that is spooled between the launch position and the missile. This allows the operator to lock onto a target if the target is not in the line of sight of the operator, switch targets, or compensate for the movement of the target if the missile is not tracking the target for some reason. Furthermore, the missile could also be used for simple observation on the other side of the hill and maybe engage a target of opportunity. The tandem warhead is fitted with two shaped charges, a precursor warhead to detonate any explosive reactive armor and a primary warhead to penetrate base armor. It is replacing aging second generation anti-tank missiles like the MILAN and Dragon in the army. The missile has a soft launch capability which allows the missile to be fired from confined spaces, which is a necessity in urban warfare. Components Nail is broken down into two separate systems: a launching tripod / fire control unit, and the missile itself. Together, the system weighs, in the long range variant, around 26 kg. Weight savings are achieved by Nail through the elimination of a dedicated thermal sight, as the system uses the missile's imaging seeker for target acquisition. The purchasing and operating costs of the system are relatively low compared to similar systems. The unit cost of a launcher and of a missile is close to that of the Javelin (which is similar in design, yet lower performance). By using "good enough" solutions, the system can offer high quality without gold plating. Missile capabilities are similar to those of modern high-end ATGMs. Nail can be operated by infantry teams from the launching tripod, or from standard mounts designed for fast attack vehicles, utility vehicles and APCs, such as the Bionix II. This allows vehicles that are normally not equipped with anti tank weapons to have some form of anti-tank capability. Versions Nail-SR is the short range version of the weapon. It has a range of some 200 - 1400 meters and is intended for infantry use. Nail-MR (also known as Gil) is the medium range version. Its range is 200 - 3,200 meters and is used by infantry and special forces. The weight of the missile is 13.5 kg, and the canister itself weighs 13 kg. The launcher, battery, tripod and the launcher are also used by other land-based versions of the Nail missile family, each weighing 13 kg, 1 kg, 3 kg, and 9 kg respectively. Nail-LR is the long range version. It has a maximum range of 6,000 meters and is used by infantry and light combat vehicles. Nail-ER is the extended range or extra long range version of the weapon. It has a maximum range of 12,000 meters and is intended to also be used against air-targets. It has a larger diameter and is heavier than the other systems, and is usually vehicle mounted. It is used by infantry, LCVs, and helicopters. This version can also be operated in an anti-ship role. The weight of the missile is 34 kg, the launchers are 30 kg and 55 kg respectively for the vehicle and air-launched versions. Type Manportable fire-and-forget anti-tank missile Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2003 - Present Used by Singapore Production history Designed 2001 Manufacturer CIS Produced 2003 - Present Variants See Versions Specifications Weight Missile in canister 34 kg Launcher 55 kg Launcher + 4 missiles 187 kg Tripod 3 kg Battery 1 kg Length 167 cm (Missile w/launcher) Diameter 17 cm (Missile w/launcher) Rate of fire Ready to launch in 30 seconds, reload in 15 seconds Maximum range 1,400 - 12,000 meters, depending on version Sights 10x optical sight Warhead Tandem-charged HEAT warhead Standard AA warhead for use against planes Detonation mechanism Impact force Engine Solid-fuel rocket Guidance system Infrared homing - Electro Optical (CCD, IR or Dual CCD/IIR) Passive CCD or dual CCD/IIR seeker Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 10, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 10, 2009 (edited) Vehicles of the SAF SSPH Primus The Singapore Self-Propelled Howitzer 1 (SSPH 1) Primus is a self-propelled artillery unit armed with a 155 mm howitzer. Developed jointly by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) and Singapore Technologies Kinetics (ST Kinetics), it was introduced to the Singapore Artillery in 2004. Primus is derived from the motto of the Singapore Artillery 'In Oriente Primus' (Latin: "First in the East"). Design The chassis is based on the proven United Defense M109 155 mm self propelled howitzer. This has been upgraded in a number of key areas and has a new power pack similar to that fitted to ST Kinetics Bionix infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), which is in SAF service, too. The use of common subsystems for the Primus and Bionix IFV offers several advantages, including easier training and reduced logistics. The Primus power pack consists of a Singapore Diesel Corporation 6V 92TIA diesel engine developing 550 hp coupled to a CIS Land Systems HMPT-500-3EC fully automatic transmission. The maximum road speed of the Primus is 50 km/h, with an operating range of 350 km, its combat weight is of 28.3 tons allows it to use the SAF 's current military bridging systems. The Primus could be deployed by the future SingAir A400M Transport aircraft. The turret is fitted with a locally developed 155 mm/39-cal barrel with a muzzle brake and fume extractor. The range of the Primus' gun would depend on the type of projectile and charge combination used, but is approximately 19 km with the old M107 high explosive (HE) projectile and 30 km with an extended range full bore base bleed projectile. In addition to smoke, HE and illumination projectiles, the locally developed 155 mm cargo round can also be fired. A semi-automatic loading system is provided to increase the rate of fire and reduce crew fatigue. The fused projectiles are loaded and rammed automatically; the modular charges are loaded manually. The Primus has a burst rate of fire of three rounds in 20 seconds and a maximum rate of fire of 6 rounds per min. The bustle mounted magazine holds up to 26 155 mm projectiles. The digital fire control system automates the complete projectile loading process and gun laying operation. An ammunition inventory management system keeps track of all on board ammunition as well as ammunition expenditure during firing. The weapon is laid to the target using an automatic fire control system, which includes an on board positioning and navigation system. This can receive target information from the battery or regimental command post. It takes less than 60 seconds to come into action and open fire and 40 seconds to re-deploy. Additional Specifications Special Features - Automatic loading system, enables operation with 4 men crew - Automated targeting based on GPS and Datalink - Datalink system for shared targeting within battalion and information feeding from forward observers. Mobility - Number of road wheel: 7 per side - Climbing side slope : 31° Type Self-propelled artillery Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2004 - Present Used by Singapore Armed Forces Production history Designer ST Kinetics Designed 2003 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2004 Specifications Weight 28.3 tonnes combat loaded Length 6.6 m (Chassis) 10.21 m (With Turret Cannon) Width 2.8 m (Chassis) 3.0 m (With Turret Cannon) Height 3.28 m Crew 4 (Gun Commander, Driver, Ammo Loader, Charge Loader) Shell 155 mm Caliber 155 mm 39 calibre Breech Full automatic Interrupted screw with electronic rammer and auto loader Elevation -5°/+75° Traverse] 360° Rate of fire Maximum 6 rounds/first minute 3 rounds/20sec (burst rate) 2 rounds/min (max sustain rate) Maximum range 30 km with ER projectile Armor 25 mm Primary armament 155 mm Howitzer gun Secondary armament 1 x 7.62 mm GPMG, 2x3 tubes 76 mm calibre SGL Engine Singapore Diesel Corporation (DDC) 6V 92TA 550 hp Power/weight 19.43 hp/tonne Suspension Torsion-bar Operational range 350 km Speed 50 km/h Bionix AFV The Bionix (BX) is a family of tracked Singaporean armoured fighting vehicles developed by Singapore Technologies Kinetics (formerly Singapore Technologies Automotive, which is now known as Singapore Technologies Engineering). Designed as a replacement for Singapore's aging M113A2 armoured personnel carriers, the Bionix has been operational with the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) since 2002. In a wide variety of vehicles formats including the Bionix II, Bionix 25 and Bionix 40/50 variations. The Bionix IFV has since been succeeded by the Bionix II, which entered service with Singapore Armed Forces in October 2007 A Bionix II with a 30mm Bushmaster II cannon. Description Protection The hull and turret are of all-welded-steel construction with modular passive armour protection. Additional armour protection can be installed with an add-on layer of spaced passive armour. Engine The Bionix is a compact design produced to meet the conditions of Pacific rim countries where small size is a great asset when it comes to travelling among rubber plantations and over roads and bridges not designed for heavy vehicles. The power provided by the 475 hp (354 kW) Singapore Diesel engine to drive its 23 tonnes, ensures the Bionix is able to overcome the most difficult terrain. Future upgrades in power ratings can be developed according to needs. The integrated power pack is mounted to the right of the vehicle and can be removed from the Bionix as a complete unit in under 15 minutes. The engine is coupled to the CIS Defense Systems HMPT-500EC fully hydro mechanical transmission, with the final drives being provided by NRG Engineering. The engine compartment is also fitted with an automatic fire detection and dry-powder fire suppression system with a supplementary manual back up. Interior The layout of the Bionix is conventional with the driver at the front left, the power pack situated at the front right and the turret in the center with the troop compartment at the rear. Access to the troop compartment at the rear of the vehicle is by a power-operated ramp, which can operate as an emergency access and exit door. A single hatch is installed over the troop compartment. The driver enters via a roof hatch that opens to the left rear. When driving closed-down, observation is via three day periscopes, while the center periscope can be rapidly replaced by an image-intensification periscope for driving at night. The driver guides the vehicle using a small steering wheel rather than tillers and, as an automatic transmission is fitted, there are just two pedals - accelerator and brake. The instrument panel is mounted on the left, with the transmission selection box on the right. In the turret, the gunner's station is on the right and the commander's station is on the left, each with a single hatch cover. The turret traverses through 360°. Traverse and weapon elevation is by all-electric digital control. Both the gunner and commander have a turret stop button and are able to lay and fire the weapons. The gunner has the turret control box mounted to the right of his position and both turret-crew members have an adjustable seat. The communications equipment is installed in the turret bustle. The basic production models lacks an in-built NBC protection and air conditioning system, but can be fitted if/when needed. Aiming The gunner has a twin-control handles and a day/thermal sight, with a magnification of x8 and two fields of view (high and low), with stadias for the 25mm cannon and 7.62mm coaxial machine gun. The commander has an optical relay from the gunner's sight and a single control handle. The vehicle commander has a further five day periscopes to give observation to the turret front, left side and rear; the gunner has three periscopes (1 x M17 and 2 x L794D) to give observation to the right and rear. Production models Bionix 25 First production model. Armed with 25mm Bushmaster cannon turret and 2 x 7.62mm GPMG. The first Bionix 25 production vehicles were completed in September 2002 and, under the Phase I production contract awarded to Singapore Technologies Automotive. Production continued until 2005. A total of 900 were built for the SAF. Bionix 40/50 Variant with Cupola mounted 40mm AGL/0.5-inch HMG twin weapon station and 7.62mm GPMG. Can accommodate up to 11 troops. Approx. 600 were built. Bionix ARV Armoured Recovery Vehicle equipped with a 25 tonne winch and a 30 tonne crane. Bionix AVLB Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge fitted with an MLC30 bridge that can be launched within 7 minutes by a crew of two (commander and driver) from the internal armoured compartment or via remote control panel. When extended the bridge can be used to span a gap of up to 22 metres. Bionix II In the last years, the Bionix design received an upgrade, resulting in the creation of the Bionix II; jointly developed by the Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) and Singapore Technologies Engineering. The main turret was upgraded to the 30 mm Bushmaster II cannon and armour was improved. The new cannon has 50% greater armor penetration, while the upgraded armour has 50% greater protection against kinetic or shaped charge warheads. The incorporation of a digital Battlefield Management System has allowed the Bionix II to maintain a higher competency in functionality and survivability by interfacing in real time and sharing information with other linked assets such other army units of the Singapore Army with those of the Air Force and Navy, thereby giving a better all round tactical and situation awareness. The Bionix II has an improved day / night thermal sighting system (DNTSS) with a dual-axis stabilisation system for enhanced target tracking, and an integrated eye-safe laser rangefinder has a range of up to 3km. Upgrades also include air-conditioning, minefield protection and enhancements to the 30mm cannon. Type Infantry fighting vehicle Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2002 - present Used by Singapore Armed Forces Production history Designer ST Kinetics Designed 2002 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2002 - present Variants See Production models Specifications Weight 23 tonnes combat loaded Length 5.9 m Width 2.7 m Height 2.6 m Crew 3 (Commander, Gunner, Driver) plus 7 combat troops Armor Classified Primary armament Bionix 25: M242 Bushmaster 25 mm Cannon Bionix II: Bushmaster II 30 mm Cannon Secondary armament 7.62 mm Commander's MG 7.62mm Coaxial MG 76mm SGL (SDS-93) Engine Singapore Diesel Corporation (DDC) 6V 92TA 475 hp (550 hp with Turbo-charge) Power/weight 20 hp/tonne Suspension Hydropneumatic Operational range 400 km Speed 70 km/h SLWH Pegasus The SLWH Pegasus at a military arms convention in Singapore. Design The Singapore Light Weight Howitzer (SLWH) Pegasus is a helicopter-transportable, towed artillery unit. Developed jointly by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) and ST Kinetics, it was commissioned on 28 October 2005. The 155 mm, 39-caliber Pegasus is typically towed, but it is also equipped with an independent Lombardini 9LD625-2 engine unit to provide short-range self-propelled capability of up to 12 km/h (7 mph). It can be lifted by the Republic of Singapore Air Force's CH-47SD "Chinook" helicopter, making it the world's first heli-portable 155 mm howitzer with a self-propelled capability. In addition, the Pegasus can also be transported by the C-130 Hercules tactical airlifter. The Pegasus has a burst rate of fire of three rounds in 24 seconds and a maximum rate of fire of four rounds per minute. It can deliver conventional munitions up to 22 km. Extended range munitions can be fired up to 35 km away. A semi-automatic loading system is provided to increase the rate of fire and reduce crew fatigue. The design of the Pegasus also incorporates several innovative elements. It is built with titanium alloy and aluminium alloy materials that are lightweight and yet able to withstand the recoil force of the 155 mm artillery system. Special recoil management design is also employed to reduce the recoil force to a third lower than conventional 155 mm howitzers. Type Howitzer Place of origin Singapore Service history In service 2005 - present Used by Singapore Armed Forces Production history Designer Defence Science & Technology Agency ST Kinetics Manufacturer ST Kinetics Specifications Weight 5.4 tonnes Barrel length 6045mm (39 calibre) Crew 6-8 Shell 155 mm Caliber 155 mm 39 calibre Rate of fire 4 rounds per minute for 3 minutes 2 rounds per minute for 30 minutes Effective range 23 km (with M107) Maximum range 35 km (with ERFB BB round) Engine Lombardini 9LD625-2 21 kW Speed 12 km/h Stamford A2 MBT Design & construction The Stamford is the SAF's first serious tank design. Incorporating new armor, weapons, and battlefield management systems it matched only by the latest designs of nations such as Rebel Army or Greater Aotearoa. Development began in early 2006. A great number of specialists were called in to give their opinions on what was required for the new tank. Lessons learned from battles of other nations in the world plus the weaknesses of their tanks were corrected in the A2. At the center of the A2 is its revolutionary gun. The M360B is an electro-thermal gun which provides a much higher velocity for KEW rounds. It allows the Stamford to defeat the latest in tank armor, in addition to smashing reinforced bunkers with HEDS rounds. Three machineguns and an automatic grenade launcher provide anti-infantry firepower unmatched by other tanks. This allows the A2 to defeat any threat encountered from enemy tanks to swarms of insurgent fighters. Improving upon systems first deployed in the Bionix AFV, the Stamford has the most advance battlefield management and fire control computers. Each tank can wirelessly communicate with another through the Inter-Vehicle Data System (IVDS). At the lowest levels the IVDS helps maintain unit cohesion and for officers the ability to get real time intelligence from unmanned and manned assets. In addition, air strikes, artillery support, and re-supply can be called for over the IVDS. Hardened battlecams with full NVG and FLIR abilities, give the Stamford's tank commander a 360 degree battlefield view. Production of the A2 is proceeding at rapid pace, as many of the SAF's active Armored Regiments have already been equipped with Stamford. Type Main Battle Tank Place of Origin Singapore Service history In service 2008 - present Used by Singapore Armed Forces Production history Designer ST Kinetics Designed 2006-2007 Manufacturer ST Kinetics Produced 2008 - present Variants None at the time Specifications Weight 43.6 tonnes Length 7.189/9.275 m (with/without barrel) Width 3.24 m Height 1.799 m Crew 4 Armor Classified Primary armament 120 mm M360A Electro-Thermal Cannon (ETC) Secondary armament 2 12.7mm M3B MG (one Coaxial mounted) 7.62 mm M240 Coaxial MG 40mm M28 AGL Engine SDC MB 873 Ka-501 12-cylinder diesel 1,500 PS (1,479 hp, 1,103 kW) at 2600 rpm Power/weight 34.4 PS/t; 33.9 hp/t; 25.3 kW/t Suspension helical spring Operational range 500 km Speed Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 11, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 11, 2009 (edited) Navy of Singapore Formidable class frigate The Formidable class multi-role stealth frigates are the latest platforms to enter into service with the Republic of Singapore Navy, and are multi-mission frigates. The frigates are key information nodes and fighting units, and are “by far the most advanced surface combatants in Southeast Asia". Design & construction Radar cross section (RCS) reduction features have been incorporated into the Formidable class design, with inclined hull sides and bulwarks as well as concealment of ship boats and replenishment-at-sea equipment behind low-RCS curtains. The Formidable class have a significantly reduced profile than previous frigates, due to the smaller superstructure and the use of enclosed sensor mast technology. The frigate is also constructed entirely of steel, unlike previous designs which makes extensive use of weight-saving composite structures in its aft superstructure block. The frigates also possess better sea keeping qualities and are able to stay at sea for longer periods of time. The frigates are equipped with the Thales Herakles phased-array multi-function radar, which provides three-dimensional surveillance for up to 250 kilometres. The radar provides all-round automatic search & tracking of both air and surface targets, and is integrated with the MBDA Aster air defence system. Utilising the DCNS Sylver vertical launch system, each frigate is capable of carrying 32 cells. The frigates have a special surface-to-air missile configuration, combining the Thales Herakles radar with the Sylver A50 launcher and a mix of Aster 15 and 30 missiles. The frigates are equipped with Harpoon II missiles and Oto Melara 76 mm guns for surface defence. The Harpoon II has a range of 217 km and uses active radar guidance. It is armed with a 227 kg warhead. The gun fires 6 kg shells to a range of 16 km at a firing rate up to 120 rounds per minute. The frigates are also equipped with the EDO active low frequency towed sonar to enable long range submarine detection and classification, as well as Eurotorp A244/S Mod 3 lightweight torpedoes fired from two B515 triple-tube launchers hidden behind the bulwark. The frigates will be equipped with Sikorsky S-70B naval helicopters. The Ministry of Defence signed a contract with Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation in January 2005 to acquire six of these helicopters, which will be organic to the frigates. These naval helicopters are equipped with anti-surface and anti-submarine combat systems, extending the ship’s own surveillance and over-the-horizon targeting and anti-submarine warfare capabilities. The naval helicopters will be raised as a squadron in the Republic of Singapore Air Force and piloted by air force pilots, but the system operators will be from the Navy. The naval helicopters have been delivered in 2008. Network-centric warfare The Formidable class frigates are key nodes within the Singapore Armed Forces' Integrated Knowledge-based Command and Control network, a concept similar to the network-centric warfare doctrine of some other countries. The newly-developed Combat Management System integrates all the sensors and weapon systems onboard, and a dual Fast Ethernet data transfer system forms the backbone of this system. Each frigate has a span of influence that stretches up to about 200 nm, where it acts as the Navy's mobile operations centre out at sea and receives information from sister ships and aerial assets deployed within the range. The Combat Management System will then make sense of the different data, establish an accurate picture of the area of operations, and send the information back to shore and to its army and air force counterparts. This increases battlespace awareness and allows little time for the enemy to react due to the short sensor-to-shooter loops. Name Formidable Builders DCNS, ST Engineering (Marine) Operators Republic of Singapore Navy Planned 8 Completed 8 Active 8 General characteristics Type Frigate Displacement 3200 tonnes Length 114.8 m (377 ft) Beam 16.3 m (53 ft) Draught 6.0 m (20 ft) Installed power Four ISM V1708 diesel generators, each producing 800 kW Propulsion Four MTU 20V 8000 M90, each rated at 8200 kW (CODAD) Speed 27 knots (50 km/h) (maximum) 18 knots (33 km/h) (cruising) Range 4,200 nautical miles (8,000 km) Complement 70, excluding air attachment of about 15 Sensors and processing systems Search radar Thales Herakles multi-function radar Navigation radar Terma Electronic Scanter 2001 navigation radar Sonar EDO Model 980 active low frequency towed sonar (ALOFTS) Electronic warfare & decoy ESM RAFAEL C-PEARL-M Decoys Sagem New Generation Dagaie System, 2 forward, 1 aft Armament Surface Harpoon II Anti-missile MBDA Aster 15/30 launched from DCNS Sylver A50 VLS 4 ST Engineering MDef 615 LasTur Anti-submarine Eurotorp A244/S Mod 3 torpedoes Gun Oto Melara 76 mm ETC gun w/ RAM munition Aircraft carried Sikorsky S-70B naval helicopter Protector USV The Protector unmanned surface vehicle (USV) was developed by the ST Engineering (Marine) in response to emerging terrorist threats against maritime assets, and is one of the only operational combat USV that exist today. Features Based on a 9 metre (30-foot) rigid-hulled inflatable boat, the Protector is stealthy, fast and highly maneuverable. The vessel's low profile upper structure is sealed and aerodynamic, and its modular platform design allows it to be reconfigured to meet changing mission requirements, such as force protection, anti-terror, surveillance and reconnaissance, mine and electronic warfare. The hull is a deep V-shaped planing hull, with the inflatable section providing stability and endurance. A single diesel engine drives water jets, allowing speeds of 40 knots. The Protector offers enhanced surveillance, identification and interception capabilities. It is equipped with a Mini-Typhoon stabilized weapon system, a TOPLITE electro-optic surveillance and targeting system with day and night targeting capabilities through the use of forward looking infrared, charge-coupled devices and laser rangefinders, as well as a public address system. The Protector is remotely controlled and can be operated with guidance from a commander and operator located ashore or aboard a manned vessel. This allows it to provide the first line of defense, inspecting vessels of interest while personnel and capital assets are held at a safe distance. Length 9 m (30 ft) Engine Diesel Propulsion Water jet Speed 40 knots (74 km/h) Navigation Radar, GPS and INS Sensors TOPLITE electro-optic surveillance and targeting system (incorporating FLIR, Digital CCD surveillance camera and laser rangefinders) Armament Mini-Typhoon stabilized weapon system Bedok class MCMV The Bedok class are mine countermeasures vessels (MCMVs) of the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN). They play an important role in the maritime security of Singapore, ensuring that the Singapore Strait and the sea lanes surrounding Singapore remain mine-free and open to international shipping. It is estimated that closure of Singapore’s ports would result in direct trade losses amounting to more than 9.6 billion $ daily, posing a serious threat to Singapore's economy. Design & construction The ship's design incorporates a number of features important for mine countermeasures – low acoustic and magnetic signatures, as well as shock resistance to underwater explosions. The Bedok class is made of glass-reinforced plastic, designed by the Singapore Navy and ST Marine. Its low magnetic and acoustic signatures reduces the possibility of setting off mines. It is highly durable, fire- and shock-resistant, easy to repair and is maintained only by painting. The ship's bridge, major combat equipment and engines are also shock-mounted to cushion against underwater explosions. Each of the Bedok class MCMV is powered by two independent vertical VS propellers, designed specifically to ensure excellent manoeuvrability and low noise signature. Mine countermeasures Each ship carries two ECA PAP Mk 5 remotely operated mine disposal vehicles, for the identification and destruction of mines. The MCMVs also work closely with the explosive ordnance disposal divers from the Naval Diving Unit for mine disposal. The Bedok class is equipped to control remote-controlled catamaran minesweepers. The ships are also capable of laying a defensive minefield. Sensors The Bedok class is equipped with a Thales Underwater Systems TSM 2022 hull-mounted minehunting sonar. The sonar has a detection range of 2 km (6,600 ft) for submarines and 500 m (1,600 ft) for mines. The classification range for a mine is typically 200 m to 300 m. Upgrade In November 2008, the Bedok class upgrade programme was revealed. Of the four vessels, two are planned to be fully refitted with modifications to the hulls and mine-hunting systems, while the other two will receive partial refits. In May 2009, Thales announced that the Defence Science and Technology Agency of Singapore (DSTA) awarded it as the prime contractor for the Bedok class Life Extension Programme (LEP). Thales will provide an integrated mine-countermeasure combat system, including the mine information system, a hull mounted sonar, a towed synthetic aperture sonar and expendable mine disposal systems. The towed synthetic sonar array is the DUBM 44, an unmanned underwater vehicle that uses onboard processing of digital signals to provide high-resolution imagery. The DUBM 44 is not autonomous and is connected by cable to the surface ship. Thales will also be in charge of making any structural alterations to the vessels in relation to the integration of new systems and equipment. Name Bedok Builders ST Engineering (Marine) Operators Republic of Singapore Navy Completed Four Active Four General characteristics Type Mine Countermeasures Vessel Displacement 360 tonnes (standard) 380 tonnes (full load) Length 47.5 m (156 ft) Beam 9.6 m (31 ft) Draught 2.3 m (7.5 ft) Propulsion Four Scania DSI 14 diesel engines, coupled to two VS propellers Speed 15 knots (28 km/h) Range 2,000 nautical miles (4,000 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h) Complement 33 (5 officers and 28 men) Sensors & processing systems Navigation radar Norcontrol DB2000 I band navigation rada Sonar Thales Underwater System TSM-2022 hull-mounted mine hunting sonar Armament Bofors 40 mm gun, CIS 50 12.7 mm machine guns ECA PAP Mk V mine disposal vehicles Type 45 destroyer The Type 45 destroyer (also known as the D or Daring class) is a state-of-the-art air defence destroyer programme of the RSN. The first ship in the class, RSN Daring, was launched on 1 February 2006 and was commissioned in 2008. The Type 45s take advantage of some Horizon development work and utilise the Sea Viper missile system (the SAMPSON radar variant of the Principal Anti-Air Missile System). After Daring's launch on 1 February 2006, Rear Admiral Chew Men Leong stated that it would be the RSN's most capable destroyer ever, as well as the world's best air defence ship. Design The Type 45 destroyers are 152.4 m in length, with a beam of 21.2 m and a draught of 7.4 m. This makes them significantly larger than the Type 42 they replace, displacing about 7350 tonnes compared to 5200 tonnes of the Type 42. The Type 45 destroyers are the first Singapore warships built to meet the hull requirements of Naval Register's Naval Rules. ST Marine is the Design Authority for the Type 45. The Type 45 incorporates signature reduction features, including the elimination of right angles and reduced equipment on deck. The infrared signature is reduced by cooling devices on the funnels. The design of the Type 45 brings new levels of radar signature reduction to the RSN, with the reduced deck equipment producing a very "clean" superstructure similar to the Formidable class frigates. Berthing equipment and life rafts are concealed behind superstructure panels and the mast is very sparingly equipped externally. Systems Electronics & armament * Anti-air o Sea Viper missile system + SAMPSON multi-function air tracking radar + S1850M 3D air surveillance radar + 48 x MBDA Aster missiles (mix of Aster 15 and Aster 30) in six 8-cell SYLVER A50 (Systeme de Lancement Vertical) vertical launchers. * Guns o 1 x BAE Systems 4.5 inch Mk 8 mod ETC gun. The Darings are designed to accommodate a 155 mm ETC gun upgrade currently being studied by the RN. o 2 x Oerlikon 30 mm KCB guns on single DS-30B mounts o Fitted 2 x Phalanx 20 mm close-in weapons systems * Anti-ship o The Type 45 has the provision for a pair of quadruple RGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship missile launchers, but there are currently no plans to fit this system. o The embarked Lynx HMA 8 helicopter is capable of carrying Sea Skua anti-ship missiles. o The 4.5 inch Mark 8 ETC gun has an anti-ship role. * Anti-submarine o MFS 7000 sonar o The embarked Lynx HMA 8 helicopter or Merlin HM1 helicopter is capable of carrying Sting Ray torpedo. The Merlin HM1 helicopter is fitted with its own dipping sonar and carries sonobuoys. * Land attack o The Type 45 as it stands has no land-attack missile capability and the SYLVER A50 launcher currently has no capability to fire such a missile. However, should the need arise, it would be possible to fit them with the Mk. 41 VLS, firing the BGM-109 Tomahawk; the Defence Procurement Agency conducted a study into this in 2004, but there are no plans yet to fit this. The Navy is pursuing a variant of the Storm Shadow / SCALP air-launched cruise missile for their SYLVER A70 launchers, but not the A50 launchers as currently fitted to the Darings. o The 4.5 inch Mark 8 ETC gun has a Naval Gunfire Support (NGS) role. The proposed upgrade to a 155mm ETC gun would increase range and explosive effect as well as giving commonality with Army 155mm guns in logistics and a possibility of a co-development of advanced ammunition for inter-service use in the future. * Countermeasures o The Seagnat decoy system allows for the seduction and distraction of radar guided weapons, through active and passive means. An infra-red 'spoofing' device is planned for future retrofits. o Surface Ship Torpedo Defence System (SSTD) active torpedo decoy system * Communications o Fully Integrated Communications System (FICS45) - a combined external and internal communications system supplied by Thales and SELEX Communications Ltd.[16] * METOC Meteorology and Oceanography o The Metoc system by BAE Systems comprises the Upper Air Sounding System using launchable radiosondes, as well as a comprehensive weather satellite receiving system and a bathymetrics system. These sensors will provide each vessel with a full environmental awareness for tasks such as radar propagation, ballistics and general self-supporting meteorological and oceanographic data production. * Aircraft o 1 Lynx HMA 8 helicopter - Sea Skua anti-ship missiles and Sting Ray torpedoes or 1 Merlin helicopter - Sting Ray torpedoes, dipping sonar and sonobuoys. o The flight deck of the Type 45 is big enough to accommodate aircraft up to the size of the Chinook. * Other o Type 45 has sufficient space to embark 60 Marines and their equipment. Propulsion 2 shafts Integrated Electric Propulsion; * 2 Royce WR-21 gas turbines with Intercooled Recuperator (ICR); 21.5 MW (28,832 shp) * 2 Converteam electric drive motors; 20 MW (26,800 shp) During sea-trials in August 2007, RSN Daring reached her design speed of 29 knots (54 km/h) in 70 seconds and achieved a speed of 31.5 knots (58 km/h) in 120 seconds. Ships in the class RSN Daring RSN Dauntless RSN Defender RSN Diamond RSN Dragon RSN Duncan RSN Dagger RSN Daedalus Builders ST Marine Operators Republic of Singapore Navy Preceded by Type 42 In commission 23 July 2008 Planned 8 Completed 8 Active 8 General characteristics Type Guided missile destroyer Displacement 7,205 tonnes Light Seagoing (8,092 tonnes Deep load) Length 152.4 m (500 ft) Beam 21.2 m (69.5 ft) Draught 7.4 m (16.4 ft) Propulsion 2 shafts Integrated Electric Propulsion 2 Royce WR-21 gas turbines (21.5 MW) 2 Converteam electric motors (20 MW) Speed 29+ knots Range 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) at economical speed Complement 190 (accommodation for up to 235) Sensors & processing systems SAMPSON multi-function air tracking radar S1850M 3-D air surveillance radar 2 x Raytheon X-band Radar (Type 1047) 1 x Raytheon S-band Radar (Type 1048) MFS-7000 sonar Armament SYLVER missile launcher 48 x MBDA Aster missiles (Aster 15 and Aster 30) 2 x Phalanx 20 mm close-in weapons systems 1 x 4.5 inch (113 mm) Mk 8 mod ETC gun 2 x Oerlikon 30 mm KCB guns on DS-30B mounts Seagnat countermeasures launchers SSTDS underwater decoy Aircraft carried 1 x Lynx HMA 8 helicopter or 1 x Merlin HM1 helicopter Aviation facilities Hangar & flightdeck Francis Robinson class Cruiser Builders ST Marine Operators Republic of Singapore Navy In commission 2009 Planned 4 Completed 4 Active 4 General characteristics Type Cruiser Displacement 44,446 tonnes [48,993.7 short tons] Length 266.8m Beam 33.35m Draught 9.52m Hull Type Monohull Machinery 2x Helga pebblebed nuclear reactors [352,000 shp] 4x Waterjets Maximum Speed 42 knots Range Limited by consumables. Complement 547 Armour 381mm belt 406.4mm turret plate 93.98mm deck Armament 4x 260 mm ETC guns (All are hidden in stealth housings until needed) 6x 140 mm Praetorian light ETC gun (hidden, as well) 12x ST Engineering MDef 615 LasTur CIWS 6x Conhort CIWS 2x 16 cell VLS 2x 11 cell VLS 4x 500mm torpedo tubes Electronics Vertically deployed TB-2016 TB-163 thin line array TB-87 short line array MRT-1 multifunction search radar MRT-4 surface search radar KRS-82 fire and control radar KRS-11 navigation radar KRS-13 multifunction search radar MLT-1 lidar array BST-7 multiple interface ladar arrays [four total] KIR-66 infra-red fire array Aircraft carried 1x LAMPS 2x UAV Aviation facilities Hangar & flightdeck Khiang class Cruiser This class was purchased from Ardoria and refit with more modern Singapore technology. Builders ST Marine Operators Republic of Singapore Navy In service 2009 Planned 4 Completed 4 Active 4 RNS Khiang RNS Thia RNS Juan RNS See Tong General characteristics Displacement 24,300 tons Standard, 28,000 (Full Load) Length 252 m (830 ft) Beam 28.5 m (94 ft) Draft 9.1 m (30 ft) Propulsion 2-shaft CONAS, 2× KN-3 nuclear propulsion with 2× GT3A-688 steam turbines 140,000 shp Speed 32 knots (59 km/h) Range 1,000 nautical miles (2,000 km) at 30 knots (56 km/h) (combined propulsion) Essentially unlimited with nuclear power at 20 knots (37 km/h) Complement 710 Sensors & processing systems Radars MR-800 3D search radar, foremast MR-710 3D search radar, main mast 2 Palm Frond navigation radar, foremast Sonar Horse Jaw LF hull sonar Horse Tail VDS (Variable Depth Sonar) Armament 20 SS-N-19 Shipwreck AShM 14 SS-N-14 Silex ASW cruise missiles 12x8 (96) S-300PMU Favorit SA-N-6 Grumble surface-to-air missiles 96 SA-NX-20 Gargoyle long-range SAM 192 SA-N-9 Gauntlet point defense SAM 44 SA-N-4 Gecko PD SAM 2 Udav-1 305 mm ASW rocket launchers 2 Udav-10 254 mm ASW rocket launchers 1 twin AK-130 130 mm/L70 dual purpose gun 10 533 mm ASW/ASuW torpedo tubes, Type 53 torpedo or SS-N-15 ASW missile 8 AK-630 hex gatling 30 mm/L60 PD guns 6 CADS-N-1 Kashtan missile/gun system 4 ST Engineering MDef 615 LasTur Armour 76 mm plating around reactor compartment, light splinter protection Aircraft carried 3 helicopters Aviation faciliti Below-deck hangar Enterprise-class carrier The Enterprise-class was built by the United Atlantian States and equipped with Singaporean technologies, by ST Marine. Builders Newport News Shipyards Operators Republic of Singapore Navy Building 7 Finished RSN Enterprise RSN Singapore RSN Raffles RSN Yew Hock RSN Kuan Yew RSN Ishak RSN Chok Tong Active 7 General characteristics Displacement 101,600 metric tons Length 333 m (1,092 ft) Beam 41 m (134 ft) Propulsion 2 A1B nuclear reactors Speed 30+ knots (34 mph - 56 km/h) Complement 4,660 Armament Surface-to-air missiles Close-in weapons systems Aircraft carried More than 75 Aviation facilities 333 × 78 m (1,092 × 256 foot) flight deck Edited June 17, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Lynneth Posted June 12, 2009 Author Report Share Posted June 12, 2009 (edited) Airforce of Singapore LCH Piranha - Light Combat Helicopter Piranha is the main attack helicopter of RCDF. It is a Fifth Generation Attack helicopter with a stealthy bodyframe, IR suppressed engines and non directional, noise suppressed blades.It is armed with 2 pods of sixteen 8 inch free flight rockets, 8 ATGMs and 2 AAMs. It also has a 7.62 mm MS GPMG and 2 Vulcan 20mm guns. Piranha has mutually suspended rotor and body frame for added maneuverability and and enclosed tail rotor. It has a max speed of 500 kmph, range of 500 km and is powered by 2 GAL RD350 engines. This Helicopter was purchased from the Kingdom of Cochin. UC60 - Blackhawk GAL has acquired rights to manufacture Blackhawk helicopters with the classification UC-60. They are mainly used for Search and Rescue, Special operations, Air Cavalry operations, ASW. The King uses a UC60 as his personal transport. This Helicopter was purchased from the Kingdom of Cochin. MPTH-47 "Mughal" Manufacturer MAMW Crew 3 Length 29.87 m (98 feet) Rotor Diameter 18.28 m (60 feet) Service Ceiling 4,572 m (15,000 feet) Maximum Speed 180 knots Range 500 nm Engines 2 turbofan engines Weaponry none Troop Capacit 55 This Helicopter was purchased from Marscurian Pakistan. The following four planes/helicopters were purchased from Rebel Army. The Viper is a stealthy multi-role fighter, it can easily take on and combat enemy aircraft, as well as go on strike and tactical bombing missions. The Vindicator. A heavy bomber, the Vindicator has a 100 000 pound max bomb load, high top speed of Mach 2.9 (it can go to Mach 3.2, but cannot sustain this speed for more then a few minutes without getting fuselage and engine damage), plasma stealth and countermeasures (sadly the stealth systems and counter measures are removed for non-MDP/MDoAP partners). The Orca, a versatile CAS/ground support aircraft. The Orca has VTOL engines, allowing it to hover above a given area, allowing it to take on duties normally assigned to helicopters. It also has a powerful 30mm DU gatling gun, which rips tanks to shreds in mere seconds. It also has a very good sized payload. It is, in essence, a glorious combination between an A-10, Ka-50/52 Black Shark and an Apache Longbow. The Erdogan. The Erdogan is a standard and reliable attack helicopter. Taking the best aspects of the Ka-50/52, Apache and Mi-24/28 lines, it is truly a helicopter to be feared (mostly phased out of RA service in favor of the Orca). Cruise Missile warheads Thermobaric warheads and Penetrator warheads are available, among others. Similarly, there are bombs with these warheads. Edited June 16, 2009 by Lynneth Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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