Hi, I am glad I found this thread.
Something similar with anarchy happened to me last week. I am sorry that I don't have many details, but at the time, I just assumed that I overlooked some battle factors.
I attacked a guy who had roughly 20000-25000 soldiers. I launched two powerful ground attacks, and caused total casualties somewhere around 17000. However, immediately afterward, when I checked his page, he still had somewhere around 20000 soldiers. He also had not been online (the star icon was not present next to his name).
I don't think this would have been enough to anarchy the guy, but I was disappointed. He anarchied me the next day (I think it was the next day), and in the recent war, it was very annoying.
I doubt this helps, but I think it is useful to know that this is going on.