Greater Germany Factbook

[Malatose]

[b]Table of Contents[/b]

[list=1]

[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2407017"]Basic Information on Greater Germany[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2407025"]The Reichskanzler des Großdeutschen Reiches, the Reichspräsident, and Gauleiters of the Reich[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2408574"]The Nordic Socialist Party and COMPNOR[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2409262"]Central Government | National Authorities, Reich Offices, and Reich Ministries[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2409267"]Legislative Branch | The Reichstag [/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410236"]Overview | The Wehrmacht[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410593"]Detailed Look | the Heer[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410613"]Detailed Look | the Luftwaffe | Frontal Aviation[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410618"]Detailed Look | the Luftwaffe | Long Range Aviation[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410632"]Detailed Look | Air Defense Forces[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410855"]Detailed Look | Kriegsmarine[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410867"]Detailed Look | Naval Coastal Defense Force[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2410877"]Detailed Look | Strategic Rocket Forces and the Reich National Reserve[/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2411446"]Military Intelligence | Reich Intelligence (II) [/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2411848"]Internal Security | Protecting the People [/url]
[*][url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=90393&view=findpost&p=2411879"]Life and Geography | A look at the wonders of the Greater German Reich[/url][/list]

[center][i]Official State Flag and Emblem[/i]
[img]http://img171.imageshack.us/img171/7435/helghasttriad5j2up6.jpg[/img]
[img]http://img155.imageshack.us/img155/8047/stateemblemsizexn2.png[/img]

[i]The three arrows on it represent the three virtues of Duty, Obedience and Loyalty.

The Duty every German has to the dream of a Greater Germany.
The Obedience every German must show if all are to survive.
The Loyalty every German should have for their Government.[/i][/center]

[u][b]Geography[/b]:[/u]
Europe; stretching to Caucasus Mountains
[b]Climate: [/b]
ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia;

[b]Terrain:[/b]
broad plain with low hills west of Urals; uplands and mountains along southern border regions

[b]Elevation extremes:[/b]
lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point: Gora El'brus 5,633 m

[b]Natural resources:[/b]
wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, timber, iron ore, gold, copper, lead, marble

[b]Land use: [/b]
Arable land: 41.67%
Permanent crops: 1.09%
Other: 48.24%

[b][u]Demographics:[/u][/b]

[b]Population: [/b]
349,314,000

[b]Age structure[/b]:
0-14 years: 39%
15-64 years: 53.5%
65 years and over: 7.5%

[b]Birth rate:[/b]
20.28 births/1,000 population

[b]Life expectancy at birth:[/b]
total population: 84.85 years
male: 83.23 years
female: 85.48 years (2009 est.)

[b]Nationality:[/b]
noun: German
[b]Ethnic groups:[/b]
Ethnic divisions: Over twenty different ethnic groups

[b]Religions:[/b]
54 percent of Germans consider themselves Protestant and 40 percent considered themselves Catholic, with only 3.5 percent claiming to be neo-pagan "believers in God," and 1.5 percent unbelievers

[b]Languages:[/b]

75% Nordic/Germanic Group, 8% other Indo-European, 12% Altaic, 3% Uralian, 2% Caucasian

[b]Literacy: [/b]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.99%
male: 99.99%
female: 99.99%

[b]Government:[/b]

[b]Long-form name: [/b]
Greater Germany

[b]Type:[/b]
Single-party state, Totalitarian autocratic dictatorship

[b]Capital:[/b]
Berlin

[b]Administrative divisions in Germany:[/b]

[b]The Gaus and their capitals inside the Reich proper.[/b]
[size="1"]B: Berlin (Welthaupstadt Germania)
BDN: Baden (1940 Baden-Elsaß) (Straßburg, Karlsruhe until 1953)
NSL: Niederschlesien (Breslau)
BOM: Bayreuth, Bayerische Ostmark until 1942 (Bayreuth)
OHV: Ost-Hannover (Lüneburg; Harburg-Wilhelmsburg until 1937)
DF: Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf)
OPR: Ostpreußen (Königsberg)
ES: Essen (Essen)
OSL: Oberschlesien (Kattowitz)
FRN: Franken (Nürnberg)
POM: Pommern (Stettin)
HEN: Hessen-Nassau (Frankfurt am Main)
SCN: Sachsen (Dresden)
SHB: Südhannover-Braunschweig (Hannover)
HMB: Halle-Merseburg (Halle an der Saale)
SHO: Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel)
KAC: Köln-Aachen (Köln)
SLN: Schlesien (Breslau)
KHE: Kurhessen (Kassel)
SPF: Westmark, Saarpfalz until 1942 (Neustadt)
KMK: Kurmark (Frankfurt an der Oder)
SWB: Schwaben (Augsburg)
KTR: Moselland, Koblenz-Trier until 1942 (Koblenz)
THN: Thüringen (Weimar)
MAT: Magdeburg-Anhalt (Magdeburg)
WES: Weser-Ems (Oldenburg)
MBG: Mecklenburg (Schwerin)
WFN: Westfalen-Nord (Münster)
MFR: Mainfranken (Würzburg)
WFS: Westfalen-Süd (Bochum)
MOB: München-Oberbayern (München)
WHZ: Württemberg-Hohenzollern (Stuttgart)
KTN: Kärnten (Klagenfurt)
SBG: Salzburg (Salzburg)
NDO: Niederdonau (Wien)
STM: Steiermark (Graz)
ODO: Oberdonau (Linz)
TRL: Tirol (Innsbruck)
W: Vienna
SUD: Sudetenland (Reichenberg)
DWP: Danzig-Westpreußen (Danzig)
WAR: Wartheland (Posen)
PBM: Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren (Prag)
GGV: Generalgouvernement (Warschau), governmental disctricts are Krakau, Lemberg, Lublin, Radom and Warschau
Iceland(Thule) (Reykjavík)
[i]The Netherlands and Belgium[/i]
Flandern (Antwerp)
Wallonia (Liège)
Nederland (Amsterdam)
Schweden (Stockholm)
Norwegen (Oslo)

[b]Culturally autonomous Gaus[/b]
[i]Lithuania[/i]
Schaulen (Šiauliai)
Kauen (Kaunas)
Wilna (Vilnius)
Ponewesch (Panevježys)
[i]Latvia[/i]
Libau (Liepaja)
Mitau (Tukums)
Riga (Riga)
Wolmar (Valmiera)
Dünaburg (Daugavpils)
Nevel (Nevel)
[i]Estonia[/i]
Arensburg (Kuresaare)
Pernau (Pärnu)
Reval (Tallinn)
Wesenburg (Narva)
Dorpat (Tartu)
Petschur (Võru)
Ingria (Peterhof)
Pleskau (Pihkva)
PET: Freiestadt Petersburg
TAU: Taurida (Gotenhafen)
[i]Belarus[/i]
Minsk (Minsk)
Brest (Brest)
Viciebsk (Viciebsk)
Mahilou (Mahilou)
[i]Yugoslavia[/i]
Belgrade
Zagreb
Sarajevo
[i]Romania[/i]
Bucharest[/size]

[b]Constitution:[/b]
Nordic Charter

[b]Legal system:[/b]
civil law system as modified by Nordic Legal theory; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

[b]National holiday: [/b]
Unification Day

[b]Head of State[/b] - Jorhan Stahl
[b]Head of Government[/b] - Eva Schmidt

[b]Legislative Branch[/b] - The Reichstag
[b]President and Chairman of the Thorvald Klaasson Stettner[/b] - Eva Schmidt
[b]Members:[/b] 1,500 Deputies (elected from territorial and national districts and from governing bodies of party, union, youth, and other organizations)

[b]Judicial Branch[/b] - Supreme Court of Greater Germany
[b]Leaders: [/b]

[img]http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5206/5328747762_394e47fc59_z.jpg[/img]
[img]http://images1.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20110214165705/killzone/images/thumb/7/7b/ScreenShot_2009_11_10_1526_1.jpg.jpg/400px-ScreenShot_2009_11_10_1526_1.jpg.jpg[/img]
Jorhan Stahl, Reichskanzler

[b]Suffrage:[/b]
universal over age 18; direct, equal

[b]Elections:[/b]
Reichstag every five years; 97.6% held by party members

[b]Political party:[/b]
The Nordic Socialist Party is the only party permitted

Edited September 30, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[center][b]The Reichskanzler des Grossdeutschen Reiches, the Reichspräsident, and Gauleiters of the Reich[/b][/center]

The fundamental laws of Greater Germany consist of the Constitution of the Reich, the Constitutions of New Order, the Imperial Charter, and certain other “organic laws” enacted by the legislature. The fundamental laws established that supreme executive, legislative, and judicial authority inhered in the Reichskanzler, who exercise these powers either by ordinary means (the Senate, the Supreme Court, the State) or extraordinary means.

[center][img]http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5206/5328747762_394e47fc59_z.jpg[/img][/center]
[b][center]Reichskanzler des Grossdeutschen Reiches: Jorhan Stahl[/center][/b]

The Reichskanzler's power and authority were mainly derived from those of the combined offices of Lord of the Althing and Emperor of the Continental Empire of Dalmatia and the additional rights, responsibilities, and powers bestowed upon that office by the Reichstag.

The Reichskanzler is the head of state, the head of government, and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. The Reichskanzler has sole authority to appoint, dismiss, and supervise Gauleiters. In addition, the Reichskanzler has the authority to order the Reichstag into session, dismiss it from meeting, declare it's agenda, and propose, reject, and initiate all Reichstag bills. As the Supreme Judge of the German People (Oberster Richter des Deutschen Volkes), the Reichskanzler controls and survises the courts

[center][img]http://img571.imageshack.us/img571/7242/evazf.jpg[/img][/center]
[b][center]the Reichspräsident[/center][/b]

The Reichspräsident is the office in Greater Germany responsible for maintaining the day-to-day operations of the state bureaucracy. It is the highest rank after Reichskanzler. He oversaw the myriad departments, bureaus, and offices and acted as personal assistant to the Reichskanzler.

In addition, He acted as an intermediary for the Reichskanzler; few spoke to him without first going through the Reichspräsident. He also acted as President and Chair of the Reichstag.

[center][img]http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20091230143752/starwars/images/f/fc/Imperial_Moff.jpg[/img][/center]
[b][center]Gauleiters[/center][/b]

The origin of the name Gauleiter is derived from the German word Leiter (meaning leader) and Gau which was an old word for a region of the German Reich. The orignal term Gau may also be traced to the Frankish word Gaugraf, translating closely to the English word "shire". Gau was one of the many archaic words from medieval German history that the New Order Party (then known as the Nordic Socialist Party) revived. In theory, a Gauleiter was merely a representative of the New Order Party who served to coordinate regional Party events and also served to "advise" the local government. In practice, Gauleiters were the unquestioned rulers of their particular areas of responsibility. The legal governmental establishment merely existed as a rubber stamp for the Gauleiter. Party control over the civil administration was institutionalized, as in many cases Gauleiters also held the supreme civil administrative posts in their areas (Reichsstatthalter or Oberpräsident.

Edited September 30, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"] The Nordic Socialist Party[/size][/center][/b]

The political arm of the Ersatzstaat, the Nordic Socialist Party is the single largest political party in the Reich, and was at the center of its own small constellation of organizations (such as the New Order Leadership Council, the Antonius Institute, and the New Order Rectors Association). It had chapters in all Imperial jurisdictions and claimed 100% of the Reichstag's votes. Its party platform is unabashedly both populist and authoritarian; it advocated sweeping changes to existing power structures to make them conform with the Party's official ideology of "Correct Thought," a totalitarian system designed as a practical application of nationalism, and boast that vigorous application of Correct Thought allowed an individual to live his entire life without ever having to make a single decision for himself.

[b]Nationalism[/b]

The Nordic Socialist ideology typically campaign for nationalism in this sense:

[list]

[*]strengthening national unity
[*]emphasising the national identity and rejecting foreign influences, influenced by cultural conservatism.
[*]limiting non-national populations on the national territory, especially by limiting immigration
[*]annexing territory which is considered part of the national homeland. This is called irredentism
[*]great emphasis on national symbols, such as the national flag.
[*]Anti-Communism, Anti-Socialism
[/list]

[b]Militarism[/b]

The Nordic Socialist rationale investe heavily in the militarist belief that great nations grow from military power and maintained order, which in turn grow "naturally" from "rational, civilized cultures". The party appeals to nationalists and national pride, capitalizing on irredentist and revanchist sentiments as well as aversions to various aspects of modernist thinking (although at the same time embracing other modernist ideas, such as admiration for engine power).

[b]Church and state[/b]

Anti-clericalism can also be interpreted as part of the Nordic Socialist ideology, simply because the new hierarchy did not allow itself to be overridden by the power that the Church traditionally held. This stance was further cemented into place, when the Reichstag approved the Dangerous Cults Act, which labeled any and all religions a danger to the very well-being of the state. However, while the Reichskanzler disapproved of many religions, most are tolerated as long as they remained apolitical.

[b]Economics[/b]

[b]Anti-Communism[/b]

The Nordic Socialist Party claims that communism is dangerous to the well-being of nations because of its intention to dissolve private property, its support of class conflict, its aggression against the middle class, its hostility to small businessmen, and its atheism. The Party rejected class conflict-based socialism and economic egalitarianism, favouring instead a stratified economy with social classes based on merit and talent, retaining private property, and the creation of national solidarity that transcends class distinction.

Visari believed that private ownership was useful in that it encouraged creative competition and technical innovation, but insisted that it had to conform to national interests and be "productive" rather than "parasitical". In an interview, Visari said: "Our adopted term ‘Socialist’ has nothing to do with Marxian Socialism. Marxism is anti-property; true Socialism is not." In an interview with influential editor Richard Dorre

Visari said:

I want everyone to keep what he has earned, subject to the principle that the good of the community takes priority over that of the individual. But the State should retain control; every owner should feel himself to be an agent of the State ... The Reich will always retain the right to control property owners.

[center][b]Sub-Departments of the Nordic Socialist Party[/b][/center]

[center][b]Sub Adult Group[/b][/center]

The oldest and best-established branch of the Ersatzstaat, the Sub-Adult Group (SAGroup) is the largest single component of Nordic Socialist Party and its extended family of organizations. It provided education, sports, personal fitness, child care, overnight camping, employment preparation training, and private recreation, and spends Reichmarks hand over fist to ensure that all of its services were the best available wherever it operated; as a result, SAGroup became the Reich's coalition's most powerful recruiting tool, and it solidified its standing in the public's estimation during the Seperatist, when it became known for staging lavish rallies and demonstrations to sustain public morale, often producing spectacles with casts of thousands. Under the Reich, SAGroupHQ's propensity for sparing no expense became even more pronounced, and the uniform quality of resources and facilities found at SAGroups throughout the Reich gained nearly universal praise. Unlike the quango structure favored by the rest of the Party, SAGroup was organized more as a voluntary unincorporated association; except for its relatively small cadre of professionals, the majority of its participants were members rather than full-time employees.

[center][b]SAGEducation(SAGEd)[/b][/center]

SAGEducation succeeds in bringing learning to billions of young beings who had fallen into the cracks during the breakup of the Old Republic. It is largely unaffected by the changes in the rest of the organization, and continues to be popular. SAGroup's educational division, often criticized by ideological monitors, political reliability observers, cultural regulators, and thought-policemen as being far too open-minded in its approach ("Too much critical thinking, not enough Correct Thought," was the perennial complaint. The high success rate of SAGEducation kept interference to a minimum, and most graduates went on to take jobs with the SSI, the New Order Party, Ersatzstaat affiliates, or even COMPNOR itself — the most enthusiastic "True Believers" it produced accounted for most of the military's seemingly limitless pool of volunteers — , making it too valuable as a recruiting ground to risk much tampering.

[center][b]SAGRecreation[/b][/center]

SAGRecreation was created to provide wholesome activities for member beings. Soccer is their one real triumph, a competitive sport. Everything else suggested by SAGroupHQ is often ignored by the SAGRec personnel. Some branches of SAGRec have been filled with future military hopefuls. These SAGRecs engage in harsh physical training and wargames as an introduction to military training.

[center][b]Motivation[/b][/center]

The Motivation branch of the Sub-Adult Group handled members of the SAGroup who had shown signs of dissent or had failed to live up to the ideals of the New Order. Motivation almost always succeeded in turning their troubled SAGroup youths into useful, dedicated citizens who would serve the New Order.

[center][b]Recruitment[/b][/center]

Recruitment was responsible for recruiting young children and teenagers into the Sub-Adult Group, offering impressive incentives to parents to send their children off to become better citizens under the New Order. Members were given exclusive access to breaking news, a free subscription to Iron Will and a special welcome message from Visari himself.

[center][b]Coalition for Progress[/b][/center]

Playing the role of the "Right Hand" to Improvements' "Left," the Coalition for Progress was the Ersatzstaat's cultural branch, and one of the largest of its "pillars." Progress was one of the most efficient information-processing bodies ever assembled, with a Sector Monitor office in every Subject of the country. From his headquarters at the Hall of the Mirrors, the General Secretary of Progress oversaw an enormous body of experts on art, science, commerce, education, industry, business, law, and entertainment. Through its countless subisidiaries and administrative corporations, Progress gathered information and statistics about nearly every aspect of social and commercial life in the Empire, enabling the Ersatzstaat to detect trends and act on them far sooner than any other organized body (often including the Imperial State itself). Such wildly varying entities as the Reich Board of Culture, the Reich Chamber of Musicians, and the Office of Progressive Justice were part of Progress's constellation; it coordinated the activities of a dizzying array of corporations, committees, and boards, and served as the parent organization to the majority of the assimilation efforts. Any pattern of activity which strikes Progress as suspicious is analyzed, and the findings are passed on to the Reich Security Bureau.

[center][b]Gau Monitor[/b][/center]

Each Gau had a monitor, a collection of agencies whose intended purpose was to report on the cultural progress within a sector toward the enhancement and perfection of the New Order, and did rough sorting of data by division type. Below the Sector Monitor were the various divisions made up of COMPNOR members dispersed throughout the systems of the sector.

[center][b]Art[/b][/center]

Considered the most despised group within Progress by most citizens of the Reich, the Art group reported on the various art forms throughout the nation and passed judgment on the art in order to ensure the art stayed in line with the ideals of the New Order, though the Art group did not necessarily ban works of art that might have been unfavorable to the Reich.

Instead, when the Art group had a particularly bad review of a piece of art, they attached a holopanel near the site that continuously replayed their review. The text had an intense red wavelength, which caused these holopanels to earn the name "scarlet"

[center][b]Education[/b][/center]

Unlike the SAGEducation branch of the Sub-Adult Group, the Education division of Progress did not teach. They were given the mandate to homogenize the level of education throughout the Reich and to place emphasis on the values directed by the New Order. Education gathers data in individual provinces and informs the governor of that province how to transform their educational system to better conform with the dictates of the New Order.

The Select Committee, the executive branch of COMPNOR, used Education as a dumping grounds for incompetents who were still politically useful, and being reassigned to Education was called "being sent to the idea dusters."

[center][b]Commerce[/b][/center]

Tasked with working in conjunction with the large commercial businesses to design programs for economic improvement on sectors within the Empire, the Commerce division of Progress was highly successful in giving crucial and effective aid to sectors which had been neglected after the last World War, which saw Germany subjugated under UFE control, with programs such as the Corporate Sector System Development Programs, or D-Progs. These sectors were made economically self-sufficient thanks to the efforts of Commerce, and in return the commercial businesses secured profitable new markets.

[center][b]Science[/b][/center]

Originally its own organization within COMPNOR, the Science group was moved to Progress to report on the political acceptability of scientific research within their assigned sector and to actively coordinate research and development efforts in the New Order to enhance the scientific progress of the Reich.

[size=5][b][center]Reich Labor Service[/center][/b][/size]

Subordinate to the Reich Ministry of Labor, the Reich Labor Service is the the offical state and party labor service. The Reich Labor Service, itself, will be broken into two subordinate departments. The Department of Public Works and the Department of Military Labor and Construction.

The Department of Public Works main task will be the construction of dykes, improving drainage systems, vast tree removal operations, the reclaimation of fallow or wasted land, the construction of roads, and general upkeep of other items associated with public works.

The Department of Labor and Construction will be tasked with repairing airstrips, constructing coastal fortifications, loading and unloading supplies and ammunition, laying minefields, manning fortifications, and combined logistics and military construction service. Essentially, this department will take part all manner of military logisitical and construction duties.

Service in this department is compulsory, for unemployed males between the ages 18 and 35. The Reich Labor Services offers many benefits, such as government funded vacations educational benefits. The education benefits will be in the form of government run education.

[b][center][size="5"]Commission for the Preservation of the New Order (COMPNOR)[/size][/center][/b]
[center][img]http://img38.imageshack.us/img38/6110/socialistj.jpg[/img][/center]

The Commission for the Preservation of the New Order is the Party's Praetorian Guard. Initially a small group designed to protect party officials, it has grown to a massive agency whos task is to safeguard the party leadership and regime, as a whole.

In a pamphlet, Central Commander Richard Sollaine described the mission of COMPNOR.

[i]We shall unremittingly fulfill our task, the guaranty of the security of Germany from the interior, just as the Wehrmacht guarantees the safety, the honor, the greatness, and the peace of the Reich from the exterior. We shall take care that never again in Germany, the heart of Europe, will the disruptive revolution of people, whos only destiny of is the total destruction of Germany, be able to be kindled either from within or through emissaries from without. Without pity we shall be a merciless sword of justice for all those forces whose existence and activity we know, on the day of the slightest attempt, may it be today, may it be in decades or may it be in centuries.[/i]

[center][b]Ideology of COMPNOR[/b][/center]

[b]Class egalitarianism[/b]

In contrast to the Imperial military tradition, promotions in COMPNOR were based on the individual's commitment, effectiveness and political reliability, not class or education. Consequently the COMPNOR officer schools offered a military career option for those of modest social background, which was not usually possible in the Wehrmacht. The relationship between officers and soldiers was also less formal than in the regular armed forces.

[b]Values of COMPNOR[/b]

The mentality and ideal values of members were to be "hard" with no such emotions as love or kindness, hatred for the "inferior" and contempt for anyone who was not in the organization, unthinking obedience, "camaraderie" with fellow members of COMPNOR, and an intense militarism that saw the members as part of an elite order fighting for a better Germany. The principal "enemy" of COMPNOR, represented as a force of utter evil and depravity with which one could not compromise, was "world communism and martencism".

Compassion, humility or love of one's neighbour were dismissed as humanitarian weakness by an organisation which regarded hardness, sacrifice and self-overcoming as positive virtues". In this regard, it is noteworthy that atheism was banned within the organization with all members being required to list themselves as Protestant, Catholic or "believer in God". Atheism was outlawed within the organization as Sollaine believed it to be a form of egoism that placed the individual at the center of the universe, and thus constituted a rejection of the principle of valuing the collective over the individual.

The COMPNOR value of "fighting for fighting's sake" could be traced back to the values of the front-line German soldiers in World War I and the Freikorps, and in turn led members to see violence as the highest possible value, and conventional morality as a hindrance to achieving victory. The ideal member was supposed to be in a state of permanent readiness for a fight against all comers with all his might and fury. The emphasis of being ready for a fight at all times led to those men who attempted to live by that principle to having an unusually high suicide rate The "soldierly" values of COMPNOR were specific to the German post-World War I concept of the "political soldier" who was to be indoctrinated to be a "fighter" who would devote his life to struggling for the nation.

[b]Organization of COMPNOR[/b]

Personal Staff of the Central Commander
Main Administrative Office
Main Operational Office (military command for the Stormtrooper Corps)
Main Office of Legal Matters
Personnel Main Office
Reich Main Security Office
Main Office of the Order Police

[b]General COMPNOR[/b]

The General COMPNOR refers to a non-combat branch of the organization. Formations were divided into Standarten, organized into larger formations known as Abschnitte and Oberabschnitte. Many personnel served in other branches of the state government, Nordic Socialist Party, and certain departments within the Reich Main Security Office. Members of the General COMPNOR were considered more or less reservists with many serving the German military, or the Stormtrooper Corps.

General COMPNOR was administratively divided into these main sections:

Full-time officers and members of the main departments, including the RSHA
Part-time volunteer members of regional units
Security forces,
Reserve, honorary or otherwise inactive SS members

[b]Ordnungspolizei (Order Police)[/b]

The Ordnungspolizei or Orpo are the uniformed regular police force in Germany

Municipal police (Schutzpolizei; "protection police") served as Germany's municipal police force and was tasked with maintaining order in German cities and larger towns. The Schutzpolizei was further divided into the following:
Schutzpolizei des Reiches (cities and large towns), which included police-station duties (Revierdienst) and barracked police units for riots and public safety (Kasernierte Polizei)

Schutzpolizei der Gemeinden (smaller towns)

Gendarmerie (rural police) were tasked with frontier law enforcement to include small communities, rural districts, and mountainous terrain. Members of the Gendarmerie were mainly employed to combat poaching and also as Alpine troops for homeland defense. With the development of a network of motorways or Autobahnen.

Traffic police (Verkehrspolizei) was the traffic-law enforcement agency and road safety administration of Germany. The organization patrolled Germany's roads (other than motorways which were controlled by Motorized Gendarmerie) and responded to major accidents. The Verkehrspolizei was also the primary escort service for high party leaders who traveled great distances by automobile.

Water police (Wasserschutzpolizei) was the equivalent of the coast guard and river police. Tasked with the safety and security of Germany's rivers, harbors, and inland waterways, the group also had authority over the SS-Hafensicherungstruppen ("harbour security troops") which were General-COMPNOR units assigned as port security personnel.

Railway police (Bahnschutzpolizei) was made up of part-time police officers who were also employees of the Reichsbahn (state railway). The Bahnschutzpolizei was tasked with railway safety and also preventing espionage and sabotage of railway property.

[b]Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Main Security Office)[/b]

The task of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Main Security Office) is to fight all "enemies of the Reich" inside and outside the borders of Greater Germany.

Organization:

Kriminalpolizei - The Kriminalpolizei were mostly plain-clothes detectives, worked in conjunction with the Ordnungspolizei, the uniformed branch of the police and other agencies such as the Geheime Feldpolizei. The policy directives came from the Main Administrative Office. The Kripo was organized in a hierarchical system, with central offices in all towns and smaller cities. These, in turn, answered to headquarters offices in the larger German cities which answered to the Central Office of the Kriminalpolizei, a department of the RSHA.

The Kriminalpolizei was mainly concerned with serious crimes such as rape, murder and arson.

[b][center]The Imperial Security Bureau[/center][/b]

The Imperial Security Bureau (ISB) was by far the best-known and most-invasive of COMPNOR's creatures. Dwelling perpetually in the penumbra of quango officialdom, it behaved for all intents and purposes as a government agency; its standing to act was only rarely challenged in court, and that, almost never successfully — most courts instinctively shrank from the question, issuing the stupefying hand-washing opinion that it was "a political question beyond the competence of this court." Officially it was supposed to serve as a secret police force, intended to protect the Empire from infiltration by Separatist saboteurs (in later years its mandate was extended to anarchists, insurrectionists, and seditionists), with at best ancillary roles in general counterintelligence, counterinsurgency, and counterterrorism. In practice, it functioned as the Empire's thought police and the Ersatzstaat's alternative to the Imperial State's various intelligence, security, and police agencies.

[b]Central Command[/b]

At the head of the ISB stood the Central Commander, an iron-fisted dictator who fancied himself an equal to the members of the Supreme Commander's Committee. From the gargantuan Central Office, he controlled one of the largest organizations in the country, a vast army of humorless special agents from the Surveillance, Investigations, Internal Affairs, Interrogation, Re-Education, and Enforcement divisions whom the Commission of Operations placed at every echelon of the government and citizen population. Resplendent in their white tunics and polished-to-a-mirror-finish black leather shoes, the Central Commander's legions were virtual avatars of Correct Thought, and were notorious hairtriggers, at that —at the least provocation, whiteshirts were known to haul suspects off to "protective custody" in extrajudicial penal camps, or to blacklist anyone whose cooperation they thought insufficiently enthusiastic ("unmutual").

[b]Commission of Operations[/b]

The Commission of Operations transmits assignments through the Central Office directly to the Sector Officer for the branch in question: Surveillance, Investigations, Internal Affairs, Interrogation, Re-Education, or Enforcement. Any coordinated actions between the different branches within a sector, or between SSB resources in separate sectors, is dictated by the Commission and directed by the Central Office. Independent coordination by sector resources is strongly discouraged.

[b]Surveillance[/b]

Surveillance is the largest branch of ISB, with nearly 35 percent of all personnel in the Bureau. This bureau is commonly employed to search for potentially rebellious activity. What they find, if substantial enough, is turned over to Investigations.

Often functioning secretly, Surveillance agents make constant records of the people they come in contact with. These records are cataloged at a constantly updated databank located at the ISB's Central Office in Tbilisi. Surveillance agents may be placed anywhere within the civilian populous, the military, or the bureaucracy. Agents may be assigned to specific areas or posts because of suspicion or rumors, or, may they be randomly placed in order to gain an accurate sample of Reich opinion. This branch is tasked with constantly monitoring the attitude towards the Autarch and his empire, and, dictating to more the more activist ISB branches when intervention is needed.

As well, Surveillance submits regular reports through ISB's office to the Ministry of Justice. These reports reflect Surveillance's observations on the general effectiveness and contingencies of Imperial Law.

[b]Investigations[/b]

Investigations is closely connected with the Imperial Military and police, and often draw support from these forces when rooting out uncovered threats. Their explicit charge is much the same as Surveillance, however they take a far more active role in the persecution of what they expose.

Investigations agents are skilled operatives, heavily trained in the art of field intelligence, interrogation, sabotage, urban and rural close proximity combat. The branch labors to seek out and eliminate Rebellious activity. To highlight this, Investigations has direct communication with military and police forces in the area. These links are approved directly by the Select Committee and the appropriate Moff and ISB Sector Office. Investigations individuals or teams may therefore call on a considerable degree of firepower when pursuing a case. This immediately available firepower allows the department to eliminate much larger threats far more quickly.

Most Investigations agents operate publically, using fear and intimidation as their primary weapon. Coordinating findings from Surveillance with the military they make any strikes necessary to accomplish their goals, and destroy their targets. Coupled with the availability of military-grade striking action, all hostile agencies, from single rouge agents, to massive terrorist spy networks hold a legitimate fear of this department.

[b]Internal Affairs[/b]

Internal Affairs concerns itself with the oversight of matters within the Empire, putting the loyalty of all under close inspection and, ensuring the direct application of law within the Empire''s own ranks. Besides the investigative staff, every military garrison, ship and command has a public Internal Affairs officer. These ISB Officers are available to hear all information ranging from personnel complaints, to rumors of ill-loyalty among co-workers.

Internal Affairs is at liberty to investigate, and charge any citizen (within the Military, Government) wherein they deem sufficient evidence and/or significant reason.

[b]Interrogation[/b]

Interrogation comes into play after a suspect is apprehended, typically by Investigations, and is charged with extracting any data that the suspect has been reluctant to willingly divulge. The information uncovered is sent back to Investigations.

[b]Re-Education[/b]

Re-Education concerns itself with those members of the State who have been convicted of a crime by Internal Affairs. Those convicted are sent to Re-Education and are forcibly retrained and re-indoctrinated, then returned to a post of lower importance.

[img]http://img512.imageshack.us/img512/3105/showimage2sn0.jpg[/img]
[b]The Stormtrooper Corps| The Arm of the Party[/b]

The Stormtrooper Corps was the military wing of COMPNOR, created to provide Visari with an army of utterly loyal soldiers. If a man between the ages of 18 and 30 scores in the top fifth percentile, a recruiting agent would contact these people and immediately recruit them into the Stormtrooper Corps. Men who don't score that high are still wanted as regular soldiers. Also, it was preferable if stormtrooper recruits met a certain standard in height and weight.

The basic unit of organization is the individual trooper. Each soldier is assigned a number for tactical purposes and to reinforce the COMPNOR ethic of uniformity. Troopers are organized into squads, platoons, companies, battalions, regiments, and legions. A company commander could give command to any regular officer over any given squad or platoon.

[b]Role and Education[/b]

The Stormtrooper Corps is the military wing of COMPNOR, created to provide Michael Visari with an army of utterly loyal soldiers separate from the Wehrmacht. Stormtroopers were trained to obey orders without thinking, but at the same time, they were proudly independent of the line military. They were embedded within the hierarchy of the Military, and their members were motivated primarily by conscious adherence to the tenets of Nordic Socialism. In theory, they were shock troops and officer candidates; in effect, they were security troops and political police, answerable to Party ideologues rather than the High Command of the Army.

In the case of an internal crisis or a large-scale enemy offensive, the Stormtrooper Corps are able to react immediately, and they can be sent to operate far outside the borders of Europe well before the Wehrmacht divisions can be mobilized. In order to carry out their missions the troops of the Stormtrooper Corps receive first-grade training and equipment.

All members of the Stormtrooper units are well-motivated volunteers. While many German members of the organization come directly from SAgroup or have previous COMPNOR backgrounds, other Gaus of Greater Germany have their own ST recruitment centers. Like elsewhere in Germany, German is used as a international command language. The training is harsh and realistic, and annually more than one third of the candidates quit during the physically and psychologically challenging basic training. After this the more specialized training for the different branches of the service is carried out in various military areas in all parts of Germany, from the icy fjords of Norway to the desert steppes of Kalmykia.

Officer courses are held in the ST-Junkerschule Bad Tölz. Generally speaking the training of Stormtrooper personnel emphasize initiative, flexibility and mobility, and aims to create a force with strong internal cohesion that is based to mutual respect and "kameradschaft" of all members of the unit.

[center][b]List of Stormtrooper Divisions[/b][/center]

Stormtrooper Corps Manpower: 130,000 troops (Stormtrooper Division: 10,000 troops)

1. ST-Panzerdivision Leibstandarte Scolar Visari (LSSSV)
Reich (Zossen)
Panzergrenadier Brigade 1 "Europa"
Panzer Brigade "Dietrich"
Panzer Lehr Brigade "Fritz Witt"
Panzerartillerie Regiment 1
Flak Regiment 1
Panzeraufklärungs-Abteilung 1
Panzerpioniere-Abteilung 1
Ehrenwache LSSSV

2. ST-Panzerdivision Das Reich
(Reich, Münster)
Panzergrenadier Brigade "Stahl"
Panzer Brigade "Germania"
Panzer Brigade "Deutschland"
Panzerartillerie Regiment 2
Flak Regiment 2
Panzeraufklärungs-Abteilung 2
Panzerpioniere-Abteilung 2

3. ST-Panzergrenadierdivision Nederland
Netherlands (Hague)
Regiment "Seyffard"
Panzergrenadier Regiment "de Ruyter"
Panzerjäger Regiment "Landstorm"
Artillerie Regiment 4
Flak Regiment 4

4. ST-Panzerdivision Wiking
(Reich, Strasbourg)
Panzergrenadier Brigade "Germania"
Panzer Brigade "Baldur"
Panzer Brigade "Wotan"
Panzerartillerie Regiment 5
Flak Regiment 5

5. ST-Luftsturmdivision Eugen
(The Balkan peninsula Belgrade)
Luftsturm Brigade "Florian Geyer"
Jäger Brigade 16
Artillerie Regiment
Panzerjäger-Abteilung 7
Hubschrauber-Staffel 7

6. ST-Jägerdivision Skanderbeg
(The Balkan peninsula)
Jäger Regiment "Iskander"
Jäger Regiment "Metaxas"
Artillerie Regiment 21
Aufklärungs-Abteilung 21

7. ST-Jägerdivision Maria Theresia
(Hungary)
Jäger Regiment 52
Jäger Regiment 53
Panzerjäger Regiment "Hungaria"
Raketenartillerie Regiment (mot) 22
Luftsturm-Abteilung "Istvan Horthy"

8. ST-Jägerdivision Handschar
(Croatia)
Jäger Regiment
Panzerjäger Regiment "Agram"
Raketenartillerie Regiment (mot) 13
Flak Regiment 13
Luftsturm-Abteilung "Tomislav"

9. ST-Panzergrenadierdivision Pavlo Shandruk Ukraine(Rowno)
Panzergrenadier Regiment 27
Panzergrenadier Regiment 28
Panzerjäger Regiment 14
Panzerartillerie Regiment 14

10. ST-Panzergrenadierdivision Langemarck
(Belgium)
Panzergrenadier Regiment 33
Panzergrenadier Regiment 34
Panzergrenadier Regiment 35
Panzerartillerie Regiment 27
Flak Regiment 27

11. ST-Panzergrenadierdivision Wallonien
(Belgium)
Panzergrenadier Regiment 37
Panzergrenadier Regiment 38
Panzer Regiment "Leon Degrelle"
Panzerartillerie Regiment 28
Flak Regiment

12. ST-Panzergrenadierdivision Götz von Berlichingen
(Belarus)
Panzergrenadier Regiment "Weissruthenia"
Panzergrenadier Regiment
Panzer Regiment "Stahlfaust"
Panzerartillerie Regiment 30
Flak Regiment 30

13. ST-Jägderdivision Hunyadi
(Hungary)
Jäger Regiment 54
Jäger Regiment 55
Panzerjäger Regiment "Josef Grassy"
Raketenartillerie Regiment (mot) 25
Luftsturm-Abteilung "Gombös"

Edited June 9, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Central Government | National Authorities, Reich Offices, and Reich ministries[/size][/center][/b]

[b]Executive authorities[/b]

Autarch of the Nordic Socialist Party and Reichskanzler (Head of State) of the Greater Germanic Reich - Jorhan Stahl

Reichspräsident (Head of Government) - Eva Schmidt


[b]National authorities[/b]

[list]
[*]The Personal Chancellery of Jorhan Stahl(Jan Fabel)
[*]Office of the Reich Chancellery (Kurt Von Strohm)
[*]Office of the Party Chancellery (Ardus Kaine)
[*]Office of the Presidential Chancellery (Michael Whitmore)
[/list]

[b]Reich Ministries[/b]

Reich Ministry of Finance (Bregius Golthan)
[list]
[*]Reich Treasury Office
[/list]

Reich Foreign Ministry (Kinman Doriana)

Reich Interior Ministry (Richard Sollaine)
[list]
[*]General Inspector of the Reich Capital
[*]Office of the Councillor for the Capital of the Movement
[*]Office of the Reich Master Forester
[/list]

Reich Ministry of European Affairs (Ardus Kaine)

Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (Baron Ragez D'Asta)

Reich Ministry of Aviation (Generalfeldmaschall Soontir Fel)
[list]
[*]Lufthansa
[/list]

Reich Ministry of Justice (Lord Rodin Hlian Verpalion)

Reich Economics Ministry (Coh Veshiv)
[list]
[*]Office of the President of the Reich Bank
[/list]

Reich Ministry for Nutrition and Agriculture (Klaus Borowski)

Reich Labour Ministry (Reich Labour Leader Körbl Eckehard)
[list]
[*]Reich Labour Service (Körbl Eckehard)
[/list]

Reich Ministry for Science, Education, and Public Instruction (Dr. Heinz Shmirtz)
[list]
[*]Reich Youth Office (Reich Youth Leader Leo Jürgen)
[/list]

Reich Ministry for Ecclesiastical Affairs (Karl Stromberg)

Reich Transportation Ministry (Horst Schimanski)
[list]
[*]Reichsbahn
[*]Office of the Inspector for Highways
[/list]

Reich Postal Ministry (Johannes Kreisler)

Reich Ministry for Armaments (Rugal Bernstein)

[b]Police[/b]

Central Commander of the Commission for the Preservation of the New Order and Chief of German Police -- (Central Commander und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) - Richard Sollaine

Chief of the Order Police (Chef der Ordnungspolizei) - Karl Ruprecht Kroenen

Chief of Security Police (RHSA) (Chef der Sicherheitspolizei und RHSA) - Engelbert Von Smallhausen

Edited September 16, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Legislative Branch | The Reichstag[/size][/center][/b]

[center][img]http://imageshack.us/a/img15/4224/400pxsteleaward2.jpg[/img][/center]

Legislative Branch - The Reichstag
President of the Reichstag - Marlish Udet
Members: 1,500 Deputies (appointed from territorial and national districts and from governing bodies of party, union, youth, and other organizations)

Theoretically, the Reichstag serves as the highest organ of state power. The Reichstag formally appoints the Reichspräsident, ratified or rejected his candidates for ministerial posts and supervised their work, and adopted economic plans and budgets and reported on their implementation. Through it's Presicent, the Reichstag represents the country in formal diplomacy. It also has the authority to appoint the Defense Council, confer military and diplomatic ranks, declare war, ratify treaties, and repeal acts of the Reichskanzler, and the Reich Ministries. However, that is far from the truth. Through "The Decree for the Reorganization of the State, the formal powers of the President of the Reichstag were merged with the position of Reichskanzler, formally giving him the powers of Head of State.

With the stripping of it's official powers, the body only functions as a body of ratification by acclamation, for the action(s); legislative; minsterial; and executive, of the government. The Reichstag only meets two times a year. However, the Reichskanzler reserves the right to call the congress into session at anytime.

Edited September 30, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Overview | The Wehrmacht[/size][/center][/b]

The consensus of all historians is that Greater Germany is the most militarily powerful entity of Germany in known history.

The Wehrmacht are simultaneously the Reich's source of power and its means of applying it, both mine and mint. Composed of the Kreigsmarine, the Stormtrooper Corps, the Heer, and Reich Intelligence, the Wehrmacht represents the single largest investment of resources in the whole of the Imperial system. After re-establishing the armed forces of Germany after becoming leader, Visari continued to increase military/naval funding across the board for years, to the point that the Wehrmact in 36 rS were twice as large as they had been in 34, and more than seven times larger than the defense establishment had been at the start of the Liberation War in 16 rS. As befitted their status as the Reich's terrible swift sword, the prestige associated with service in the Wehrmacht is considerable — so much so, in fact, that in common speech "the service" referred by default to the Wehrmacht. Those desiring power and glory pursued their goals by way of the service; to the cunning, the military is a route of swift ascent into the heights of the ruling elite: The large majority of Gauleiters have military experience, and the easiest way for an ambitious scientist or engineer to obtain funding and fame was to ensure his work has military applications. Competition could be cut-throat, but to the victor went considerable spoils. The single largest item on the Imperial budget, the Wehrmacht represented an investment of billions of credits and millions of employees.

The Wehrmacht performed a number of functions within the Reich. First and foremost, it served to protect the Reich in general (and the State in particular) from violent disorder, to include invasion, insurrection, and terrorism. Secondly, they were responsible for defending the "the integrity of the Union. Thirdly, the military maintained the Reichskanzler's Peace against disturbance by "piracy and warlike disruptions" (technically they were not supposed to enforce normal criminal law, except when assisting the Customs Office). Fourthly, the Wehrmacht enforced the State's jurisdiction over "unlawful interposition of pretended state authority" (the Reich claimed all the territory ever held by Germany and Dalmatia, and thus justified expansionism in the name of revanchism; where that claim did not apply, the State frequently either invented a prior claim). Additionally, thanks to the dissolution of the Gendarmerie, the Wehrmacht frequently assumed the role of policing, particularly when the Gauleiter declared martial law. This last role is probably the service's most controversial, as it effectually made the colonial wing of the service into permanent internal occupation forces.

[b]Oberkommando der Wehrmacht[/b]

Operational control of the Whermacht was exercised centrally by Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, an independent body established by Reichskanzler Decree in 16 rS to fill the role played by the Supreme Defense Council and the War Council Advisory Panel in the previous Germany. The High Command made its home at Supreme Headquarters Armed Forces, a vast palatial chateau at Infinity Heights in Berlin.

Charged by its constitutive Decree with final authority in all matters related to the Reich's military/naval establishment, the High Command answered only to the Reichskanzler. From the state-of-the-art command suite of the Supreme High Command, the Supreme Commander presided over the largest and most powerful military force ever assembled in Germany's history. He chaired the twice-weekly meetings of the Supreme Commander's Committee — the other members were the Deputy Supreme Commander, the First Naval Lord and Chief of Naval Operations, the Commandant General the Imperial Stormtroopers, the Chief of Imperial General Staff, The Chief of Air Operations, and the Director of Imperial Intelligence — to review the Reich's state of military readiness and to coordinate efforts to meet operational requirements, and was aided by the Surpreme Commander's Staff, whose staff directorates tracked every commitment of forces at regiment-strength and above.

[b]Current Leadership:[/b]

Chief of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces - Generalfeldmarschall Xecr Nist

[b][center][size="5"]Overview| The Armed Services[/size][/center][/b]

There are numerous branches in the Wehrmacht, each for a different purpose. The Army and Stormtrooper corps are used for ground missions. The Kreigsmarine is responsible for sea operations, the protection of sea lanes, and the transportation of all Army troops (though it had little influence over their activities). The Luftwaffe is responsible for air operations, and the Strategic Rocket Forces is responsible for space operations, Satellite Maintenance, Surveillance and maintaining the nation's ICBM Nuclear Detterence.

The Engineering Corps is a branch used by the Imperial Military for situations that required technical expertise. The Medical Corps provided the medical personnel and equipment needed to treat battlefield injuries, and the Rear Services supply the armed forces with ammunition, fuel, spare parts, food, clothing, and other matériel.

[b]Strategic Rocket Forces[/b]

The Strategic Rocket Forces is the main force used for attacking an enemy's offensive nuclear weapons, its military facilities, and its industrial infrastructure. They operate all ground-based intercontinental, intermediate-range, and medium-range nuclear missiles with ranges over 1,000 kilometers. The Strategic Rocket Forces also conducts all space vehicle and missile launches. the Strategic Rocket Forces has over 1,400 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), 300 launch control centers, and twenty-eight missile bases. The Greater German Reich has three types of operational ICBMs; about 50 percent are ICBMs, which carried 80 percent of the country's land-based ICBM warheads. Other missile types include high explosive ICBMs, which are for conventional targets.

[b]the Heer[/b]

[center][img]http://img839.imageshack.us/img839/9691/armyflaguploadij2.jpg[/img][/center]

It is a well-known fact that sightseers who visited the Army Command's headquarters complex at Triumph House (located opposite Unity Gardens on Basilica) often described it as a palace fit for a king; this was not a coincidence. The professional head of the Army, the Chief of the General Staff (CIGS) — who bore the rank Generalfeldmarschall.

The Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH) managed such administrative tasks as funding, upkeep of "installations and environments," and management of civilian personnel. The Army itself is run by the strictly top-down General Staff. Where the Naval Chiefs and bureau chiefs were nominally equals, the General Staff's subordinates were unambiguously inferior vice, deputy, and assistant chiefs of the GS, in charge of such offices as personnel, intelligence, operations, logistics, war plans, communications and autoprocs, and civil affairs; in most cases, the office chiefs continued to use such traditional titles as adjutant general, quartermaster general, and surgeon general.

In addition were certain subject-matter commands dealing with specialized fields like special operations, medical, military engineering, signals, research & development, training & doctrine, security, and legal affairs. Like the Supreme Commander's Staff, the GS formed a distinct corps within the Army; graduates of the Command and General Staff College alternated between command of units on colonial duty and service on the GS, simultaneously strengthening Army Command's hold on its disparate forces — no mean task, considering the authority of the Gauleiters over the forces within their areas of responsibility — and ensuring that the GS itself was composed entirely of professional military experts with extensive experience both in combat and in staff work. The work load was ferocious; Staff in the GS often worked twelve to fourteen hour days, drafting reports and contingency plans, conducting detailed studies, and managing enormous dockets of flimsiwork. The War Plans Office (G5) had case scandocs prepared for some seven million different war scenarios; some of them were sufficiently advanced as to have qualified as doctoral theses in military science. The GS has been regarded by many strato-psychohistorians as the most potent weapon in the Army's entire arsenal.

Current Leadership:

Chief of General Staff - Generalfeldmarschall Ferdinand Jorst
[list]

[*]Motorized Rifle Troops and Tank Troops
[*]Rocket Troops and Artillery
[*]Air Defense of Ground Forces
[*]Chemical Troops, Engineer Troops, and Signal Troops
[/list]

[b]Enlisted Ranks[/b]

[img]http://img710.imageshack.us/img710/6679/heerinsignlow.gif[/img]

[b]Officer Ranks[/b]

[img]http://img521.imageshack.us/img521/6333/heerinsignoff.gif[/img]

[b]General Officer Ranks[/b]

[img]http://img252.imageshack.us/img252/1023/heerinsigngen.gif[/img]

[b]Luftwaffe[/b]

[center][img]http://img269.imageshack.us/img269/5998/imperialairforce.jpg[/img][/center]

The Luftwaffe is the aerospace branch of the Armed Forces. According to the Security Act which created the Air Force, "In general the Luftwaffe shall include aviation forces both combat and service not otherwise assigned. It shall be organized, trained, and equipped primarily for prompt and sustained offensive and defensive air operations. The Air Force shall be responsible for the preparation of the air forces necessary for the effective prosecution of war except as otherwise assigned and, in accordance with intel rated joint mobilization plans, for the expansion of the peacetime components of the Air Force to meet the needs of war."

The stated mission of the Luftwaffe is to "deliver sovereign options for the defense of the Reich and its global interests — to fly and fight in Air, Space, and Cyberspace.

[b]Current Leadership:[/b]

Generalfeldmaschall Soontir Fel
[b]Ranks:[/b]

Flieger
Gefreiter
Obergefreiter
Hauptgefreiter
Stabsgefreiter
Unteroffizer
Unterfeldwebel
Fähnrich
Feldwebel
Oberfeldwebel
Hauptfeldwebel
Stabsfeldwebel
Leutnant
Oberleutnant
Hauptmann
Major
Obertsleutnant
Oberst
Generalmajor
Generalleutnant
General der...
Generaloberst
Generalfeldmarschall


[list]

[*]Long Range Aviation- focused on long-range bombers
[*]Frontal Aviation - focused on battlefield air defence, close air support, and interdiction
[*]Military Transport Aviation - controlled all transport aircraft
[/list]

[b]Air Defense Forces[/b]

Air Defense Forces is a separate armed service given the mission of defending the industrial, military, and administrative centers and the armed forces against strategic bombing. The Anti-aircraft Rocket Troops mann 12,000 strategic surface-to-air missile launchers at 1,400 sites inside nation. In support of the Air Defense Forces, the Radiotechnical Troops operated 10,000 ground-based bi-static phased array and OTH air surveillance radars for surface-to-air missile operations.

[b]The Kreigsmarine[/b]

The Kreigsmarine is the senior service of the Armed Forces and central to the nation's strategic planning. The Navy controls not only the Reich's vast fleet of enormously powerful warships, but also the majority of troop transports and the logistics train, as well as as large inventory of weapons of mass destruction.

The Navy is unimaginably vast, containing dozens of warships, and countless more support ships. In addition to the warships of the fleet, the Navy owned a vast constellation of hospital ships, fleet tankers, container ships, stores and replenishment vessels, ammunition ships, and forward repair ships operated by the Fleet Auxiliary (FA), whose sailors are actually civilian merchant mariners employed by the Kreigsmarine subject to naval discipline and obligated to serve under warlike conditions. Needless to say, the Navy also controls hundreds of forward naval stations, shipyards, naval bases, and other installations belonging to the Shore Establishment.

[b]Oberkommando der Marine:[/b]

Naval Command is accustomed to a certain degree of splendor; the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) — who enjoys the unique rank of Grand Admiral of the Navy — effectively reigned from the palatial majesty of Unity Gardens, the Navy's headquarters complex built by Gehirn and Seele at the far end of Basilica.

The Ministry of the Navy manages such administrative tasks as funding, upkeep of "installations and environments," and management of civilian personnel (detailed from the SSI). The rest belonged to Naval Command, and the 1SL/CNO fiercely guarded his prerogatives — and in any case, thanks to the common practice of 'jelligatoring' (i.e., the practice of 'laundering' one's clientele so as to keep ties of patronage 'invisible'), more often than not the 1SL/CNO either 'owned' the Minister of the Navy, or else had enough clout that there was no question of his questioning his nominal subordinate's decisions.

There was no formal Navy general staff; instead, the Board of Admiralty administers the Navy in a somewhat more collegial fashion. The president of the board, 1NL/CNO, was joined by the Chief of Naval Personnel, the Chief of Naval Procurement, the Chief of Naval Supplies, Chief of Naval Aviation, the Surgeon General, and the Oceanographer. Beneath the Board of Admiralty the Navy was divided into subject-matter branches, the Line Branch, Flight Branch, Fleet Support Branch, and Support Service Branch, which were further subdivided into bureaux concerned with such matters as deck, logistics, administration, flight, engineering, technical services, ordnance, gunnery, communications, and biology. Together the Board of Admiralty and the four branches smoothly administered the Imperial Navy.

[b]Current Leadership:[/b]

Chief of Naval Operations: Großadmiral Günther Krech


[b]Seemann[/b]

Matrose
Matrosen-Gefreite
Matrosen-Obergefreiter
Matrosen-Hauptgefreiter
Matrosen-Stabsgefreite
Matrosen-Stabsobergefreiter

[b]Junior NCOs[/b]

-maat
Ober-maat

[b]Senior NCOs[/b]

ootsmann
Stabsbootsmann
Oberbootsmann
Stabsoberbootsmann

[b]Commissioned Officers[/b]

Fähnrich zur See
Oberfähnrich zur See
Leutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See
Kapitäleutnantr
Korvettenkapitän
Fregattenkapitän
Kapitän zur
Kommodore
Konteradmiral
Vizeadmiral
Admiral
Generaladmiral
Grossadmiral

[b]Rear Services[/b]

The Rear Services supplied the armed forces with ammunition, fuel, spare parts, food, clothing, and other matériel. The chief of the Rear Services has nine main and central directorates and four supporting services under his command.

The Central Military Transportation Administration is the primary traffic management organization for the armed forces, coordinating and planning supply movements by all means of transport. The Central Food Supply Administration both procured food from civilian agricultural enterprises and operated a military state farm system to supply troops, particularly those serving in remote areas. Similarly, the Central Clothing Supply Administration has its own clothing factories to manufacture uniforms and specialized gear. The main and central directorates operated post exchange, health care, and recreational facilities for military personnel. The Rear Services also provided financial reports on armed forces activities to party and government organs.

The chief of the Rear Services commanded the Railroad Troops, Road Troops, Pipeline Troops, and Automotive Troops. The mission of these supporting service was to construct and maintain the Reich's military transport infrastructure. The Automotive Troops, for example, provided the drivers and mechanics needed to maintain and drive cargo trucks loaded with supplies from railheads to operational units in the field. Construction and Troop Billeting is an independent supporting service, similar to the Rear Services, headed by another deputy minister of defense. Construction and Troop Billeting served as a large, mobile force of cheap labor to erect military bases and troop quarters as well as civilian and government buildings.

[b]Civil Defense[/b]

The purpose of civil defense is to provide protection for leadership and population in wartime and to ensure the Reich's ability to continue production of military matériel during a nuclear or a protracted conventional war. Officers from Civil Defense were attached to union republic, oblast, raion, and municipal governments, as well as to large industrial and agricultural enterprises, and assigned to supervise civil defense work, organization, and training. These staff officers developed and implemented detailed plans for the wartime relocation of important defense industrial facilities and the evacuation of labor forces to alternative sites. They supervised the construction of blast shelters and other installations to ensure that these structures could withstand nuclear strikes.

After a nuclear exchange, the civil defense effort would be directed at reestablishing essential military production through decontamination, first aid, and civil engineering work to clear collapsed structures and to restore power supplies, transportation, and communications. Civil Defense trained in peacetime by conducting simulations of the aftermath of a nuclear attack and small-scale evacuation exercises. It was also called on to fight fires, conduct rescue operations, decontaminate areas affected by nuclear and chemical accidents, and provide natural disaster relief.

[b]Territorial Organization of the Armed Forces[/b]

The armed forces has a peacetime territorial organization that would facilitate a rapid shift to a wartime footing. The Reich is divided into five military districts or Wehrkreis.

[b]Wehrkreis (Military Districts)[/b]

Wehrkreis are the basic units of military administration in Greater Germany. Wehrkreis are designed to provide a more efficient management of Heer/Luftwaffe units, regional recruitment, their training and other operations activities related to combat readiness. Wehrkreis are combined arms formations. A Wehrkreis commander controlled not only the Ground Forces in the district but also other defensive components. During a time of war or invasion, he would become the Supreme Commander of Defense in his area of responsibility.

Western Wehrkreis (Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands. HQ: Berlin)
Eastern Wehrkreis (Generalgouvernement, Belarus, Ukraine. HQ: Warsau)
Southern Wehrkreis (Ostmark, Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren, Slovakia, Hungary. HQ: Vienna)
Balkans Wehrkreis (Romania and Yugolsavia. HQ: Zagreb)


[b]Military Uniforms of the Empire[/b]

[URL=http://img20.imageshack.us/i/img771.jpg/][IMG]http://img20.imageshack.us/img20/8077/img771.th.jpg[/IMG][/URL]

[b]1. Summer dress uniform. Marshals and generals (except for aviation) - in formation
2. Winter dress uniform. Marshals and generals (except for aviation) - in formation and out of formation
3. Summer dress uniform. Marshals and generals of aviation - in and out of formation
4. Summer dress uniform. Marshals and generals (in aviation cap and trousers are of blue colour)
5. Summer service uniform. Marshals and generals - out of formation (Trousers are worn over high boots)
6. Summer khaki iniform. Marshals and generals (in special period)
7. Summer dress uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen (except for Aviation and Airborne Troops) - in formation
8. Summer dress uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen of Aviation and Airborne Troops
9. Summer service uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - in formation
10. Summer service uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (Trousers are worn over high boots)
11. Winter service uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (Trousers are worn over high boots)
12. Summer service uniform. Officers - out of formation (summer overcoat. Trousers are tucked into boots)
13. Summer service uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (Shirt. Trousers are worn over high boots)
14. Summer field uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen
15. Winter field uniform. Officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen (in wadded jacket)
16. Summer dress uniform. Sergeants, soldiers, students and military constructors.
17 . Summer service uniform. Sergeants, soldiers (except for Airborne Troops), students and military constructors.[/b]

[URL=http://img130.imageshack.us/i/img772p.jpg/][IMG]http://img130.imageshack.us/img130/68/img772p.th.jpg[/IMG][/URL]

[b]1. Summer light uniform. Sergeants, soldiers and students (for hot areas)
2. Winter service uniform. Sergeants, soldiers, students and military constructors
3. Summer field uniform. Sergeants and soldiers (for special periods)
4. Winter field uniform. Sergeants and soldiers (wadded jacket)
5. Winter field uniform. Sergeants and soldiers (for special periods)
6. Summer service uniform. Suvorov school pupils (uniform №2)
7. Summer dress uniform. Admirals and Navy generals (uniform №1)
8. Summer service uniform. Admirals and Navy generals - in formation (uniform №2)
9. Summer service uniform. Naval officers, mishipmen, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (uniform №3)
10. Summer service uniform. Naval officers, mishipmen, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (in shirt)
11. Winter service uniform. Naval officers, mishipmen, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (uniform №4)
12. Summer service uniform. Naval officers, mishipmen, warrant officers and extended military servicemen - out of formation (in blue jacket)
13. Summer uniform. Starshynas (sergeants) and seamen of national service (uniform №2)
14. Winter uniform. Starshynas (sergeants) and seamen of national service (uniform №4)
15. Summer uniform. Starshynas (sergeants) and seamen of national service (uniform №5)
16. Summer service uniform. Starshynas (sergeants) and seamen of national service, students of military schools and pupils of Nakhimov schools.
17. Summer field uniform. Naval Infantry officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen.
18. Winter field uniform. Naval Infantry officers, warrant officers and extended military servicemen[/b].

[img]http://img16.imageshack.us/img16/2876/picture02.jpg[/img]
[img]http://img72.imageshack.us/img72/4632/1387152killzone37super.jpg[/img]

[b]1.[/b] Regular Combat Gear
[b]2.[/b] Winter Combat Gear

Edited June 3, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[center][b][size=5]Detailed Look | The Heer[/size][/b][/center]


[b]The German Soldier[/b]
[img]http://img16.imageshack.us/img16/2876/picture02.jpg[/img]
[b]Average Age:[/b] 20
[b]Basic Equipment:[/b] StA-12 Assault Rifle, XE-101 Xenias Infantry Combat Uniform, 4 HE Hand Grenades, TA- 100 Anti-Tank Rocket Launcher (For Airbourne Only)

[b]Greater Germany:[/b] 1,016,816 Troops, 10,219 Mobile Battle Tanks, 10,219 assorted armoured vehicles

Conscription and Reserve: Under the Law on Universal Military Service, all male citizens must serve in the armed forces beginning at the age of eighteen.

Eighteen-year-olds are exempted from service if they are enrolled in a higher education institution.

The Army has a very elaborate Reserve system. Soldiers retained a reserve obligation until age fourty. For officers, the reserve obligation extended to fifty.

[b]Tactics:[/b]

The German Army uses Mission-type tactics. In mission-type tactics the military commander gives their subordinate leaders a clearly defined goal (the mission) and the forces needed to accomplish that goal with a time within which the goal must be reached. The subordinate leaders then implement the order independently. The subordinate leader is given, to a large extent, the planning initiative and a freedom in execution which allows flexibility in execution. Mission-type tactics free higher leadership from tactical details. Direct orders are an exception in the Wehrmacht, while "tasks" are the standard instrument of leadership from high command down to squad level.

For the success of the mission-type tactics it is especially important that the subordinate leaders understand the intent of the orders and are given proper guidance and that they are trained so they can act independently. The success of the doctrine rests upon the receiver of orders understanding the intent of the issuer of the orders and acting to achieve their goal even if their actions violated other guidance or orders they had received. Mission type tactics assume the possibility of violating other previously expressed limitations as a step to achieving a mission and is a concept most easily sustained in a decentralised culture.

[b]Field Organization[/b]

[list]
[*]Armee Group (80,000 - 400,000)
[*]Corps (45,000 troops)
[*]Division (15,000 troops)
[*]Brigade (5,000 troops)
[*]Regiment (3,000 troops)
[*]Batallion (1,300 troops)
[*]Infantry company (225 troops)
[*]Platoon (55 troops)
[*]Squad (13 troops
[/list]
)

[b]Wehrkreis Organization[/b]

Armee Group West (300,000 troops. HQ: Berlin)
Armee Group Ost (180,000 troops. HQ: Warsaw)
Armee Group Sud (180,000 troops. HQ: Vienna)
Armee Group Balkans (100,000 troops. HQ: Zagreb)

[b]Equipment[/b]

[b]The Soldier's Battle Suit: XE - 101 Xenias Combat Infantry Gear[/b]

[img]http://img138.imageshack.us/img138/1558/1448353el.jpg[/img]

[b]Helmet:[/b]

The Helmet of the Xenias Combat Infantry Gear was developed by the leading electronics corporation in Germany, Stahl Arms. Inside of the Helmet, various electronic systems are implemented, with one example being an advanced Target Initiation Systems. The Target Initiation System includes: intregrated Thermal day/night systems and integrated vision systems which allows for Target Identification at a range of up to 1.5km.

In addition, the helmet utilizes a voice-activated screen to access information, without the soldier having to put down their weapons. Embedded in a pair of transparent glasses, the display will appear to the soldier as a 17-inch screen. The screen can also display 3D maps and real-time digital video, provided by a forward-positioned scout team, satellite aircraft, high definition digital imaging system, and GPS. Because each soldier is connected to a wide-area network, local commanders can easily connect to each invidual soldier to see what he (the soldier) is seeing on the battlefield.

The Helmet also eliminates the need for an external microphone. The Xenias uses sensors that measure vibrations of the cranial cavity. This bone-conduction technology allows soldiers to communicate with one another, and it also controls the menus visible through the drop-down eyepiece.

The Helmet is equipped with a 360-degree situational awareness and voice amplification system. The Voice Amplication system will allow soldiers to know where a specific sniper or mortar round came from, but at the same cancel out the noise at a certain decibel, so as to not cause damage to the soldier's ears. The situation-awareness technology also allows soldiers to detect other soldiers in front of them up to a couple of two kilometers away or focus in on a particular sound and amplify it .

A computer embedded in the suit and located at the base of the soldier's back will be connected to a local and wide-area network, allowing for data transfer.

[b]Armor Specifications:[/b]

The Xenias Infantry Gear was sent through vigerous testing in order for the Scientist to decide which armor elements to use. In the end, It was decided that the best armor solution would be to go with Liquid Armor. The boots, gloves, chest garmets and various other garments all contain liquid armour elements. This, in return, gives the soldier increased protection against shrapnel from grenades or exploding shells.

Implemented in the suit are advanced ballistic ceramic discs/panels. Armor is not just ceramic or titanium -- they are actually composed of advanced ceramic or titanium composite matrixes and laminates that can incorporate other materials. The ceramic composite discs/panels are approximately 2" in diameter, and their anti-materiel discs, go up to approx. 3" in diameter. The technology will stop military V0 and V50 threats at military V0 and V50 muzzle velocities, which is higher than NIJ muzzle velocities in the civilian world.

The Armor's most advanced ballistic hard armor, ceramic composite flexible body armor, can defeat multiple hits of 7.62x51mm AP rounds, like the Winchester/Olin .308 SLAP (Saboted Light Armour-Penetrating) round, which utilizes a tungsten sabot bullet, 7.62x39mm and 5.56x45mm rounds at muzzle velocity. Xenias' Armor's unique flexible ceramic hard armor will successfully take many more hits than conventional/standard NIJ Level IV SAPI plates, and provides coverage over a much greater surface area.

The Xenias discs can take hits at the edge without failing. They can also take a greater saturation of hits, i.e. more hits over a given area, than traditional ceramic or titanium hard armor plates/inserts (i.e. SAPI plates). The newer Type 01 armor also reduces trauma to the body, due to much less backface deformation signature (BDS).

Armor system has stopped an NIJ Level IV round with only 9mm backface deformation signature. That's just over 5/16th's of an inch BDA. The wearer can take multiple hits on the vest and keep fighting effectively. This aspect, by itself, is incredibly important, especially in urban warfare and CQB (Close Quarters Battle) scenarios

[b]Power Supply System:[/b]

Powering the entire suit is a 2- to 20-watt microturbine generator fueled by a liquid hydrocarbon. A plug-in cartridge containing 10 ounces of fuel can power the soldier's uniform for up to six days. Battery patches embedded in the helmet provide three hours of back-up power.

[b]Knee Pads, Gloves and Boots:[/b]

The Knee Pads of the HE-101 Xenias are made of a special rubbery material. The substance, which is shaped just just like the human knee allows for enchanced mobility. The special rubbery material allows can last through high impact blows and other stressful environments. Aside from the special knee cap systems, soldiers are kevlar gloves, as well. These gloves allow for maximum finger dexterity and provide heat and flash detection of up to 800 F.

The boots of the Xenias are designed to be of a lightweight athletic design. The boots also have traction over a wide variety of terrain and have moisture control implemented.

[b]Cooling and other systems:[/b]

Every combat suit is equipped with a moisture wicking base layer beneath the pants and boots. This keeps soldiers cool, dry and light. The cooling system is especially useful in a desert or humid enviroment. Also, all major components of the Xenias are water proof and heavy shock aborbsant. The water-proof material also shields the valuable electronics located into the suit while fighting in swamps.

The Micro-climate Conditioning Subsystem, built into the Life Critical Layer, is a network of narrow tubing that would provide 100 watts of heating or cooling to the soldier.

Currently, cooling System circulates chilled water through a special heat-transfer garment. The cooled circulating fluid pulls metabolic heat from the soldier's body and transfers it into the environment through its condenser. The main condenser unit can provide 120 W cooling power in a 95 °F (35 °C) environment, with an average power consumption of 35 W and weight of 3.5 pounds (1.6 kg), excluding the power source.

[b]Exoskeleton:[/b]

Each Xenias combat suit is equipped with a small pad filled with nanomachines that mimic the action of human muscles, flexing open and shut when stimulated by an electrical pulse. These nanomachines will create lift the way muscles do and augment overall lifting ability by 25 to 35 percent. The exoskeleton attached to the lower body of the soldier will provide even more strength. The overall exoskeleton will provide up to 200 percent greater lifting and load-carrying capability.

The system is designed so that the exoskeleton mimics the body's natural movement and is not uncomfortable to wear/use. It will also mimic the movement of the body's joints - therefore it will be jointed to allow the sections to move the same way as the body does.

[b]Battlefield Awareness System:[/b]

The Battlefield Awareness subsystem of the uniform lies against the soldier's skin and includes sensors that monitor soldier's core body temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, body position (standing or sitting) and hydration levels. If necessary, the BAS can notify medics and commanders if the soldier has been wounded or has become fatigued.

[b]The Soldier's Personal Weapon - StA-12 [/b]

[img]http://img252.imageshack.us/img252/1459/javirad1df7.png[/img]
[b]StA - 12 Assault Rifle[/b]

Technical Specifications

Type- Advanced Personal Weapon System

Caliber- 6.7x35mm CTA

Muzzle Velocity-

-SR: 2,725 FPS
-PDR: 2,650 FPS
-IAR: 2,800 FPS

Operation- Balanced long stroke gas piston, rotating bolt

Barrel Length-
-SR: 18 inches
-PDR: 16 inches
-IAR: 20 inches

Overall Length-
-SR: 32.5 inches
-PDR: 30.5 inches
-IAR: 34.5 inches

Weight-

-SR: 4.7lbs unloaded/5.95lbs loaded
-PDR: 4.4lbs unloaded/5.65lbs loaded
-IAR: 5lbs unloaded/ 6.25lbs loaded

Feed- 50 round helical magazine

Effective Range-

-SR: 800 meters
-PDR: 650 meters
-IAR: 1,000 meters

Rifling- 4 grooves, 1:10 right hand

Rate of Fire- 650 on fully automatic, 1100 burst

Fire Modes- Semi Automatic; 2-rd Burst/Automatic (depending on trigger pull)

[b]Ground Armor, Artillary and other Technology of the Army:[/b]

[b]Arca IV Nakil Main Battle Tank[/b]
[img]http://img39.imageshack.us/img39/785/nakil1a1turret.png[/img]

Manufacturer: Stahl Land Systems
Crew: 3
Weight: 67,400kg
Power to Weight Ratio: 26.7
Length: 7.97m
Length of Gun: 7m
Width: 3.8m
Height: 2.6m
Ground Clearance: .4m
Engine: 1800 hp Gas Turbine
Maximum Velocity: 74km/h
Range: 640km
Range With External Tanks: 1,130km
Trench: 5.6m
Step: 5.6m
Vertical Obstacle: 1.4m
Ford Unprepared: 1.8m
Ford Prepared: 6m
Climbing Gradient: 40x
Fire and Control Computer: Cornerstone Mk III
Armament: 140mm Light Weight High Breech Pressure Liquid Propellant ETC
1x G379B 20mm CTA ETC autocannon
1x 12.7mm HMG
1x Remote Weapon Station (HammerFist)
1x 60mm mortar
Ammunition:
48 Rounds in turret/36 rounds in turret
Main Gun Depression: -5/+38 degrees
Armor [Rolled Homogenous Equivalent with ERA vs. KE]:
Lower Hull: 1,100mm
Glacis: 2,440mm
Front 1/3 Side Hull: 930mm
Front Side Turret/ Side Turret: 1,920mm
Rear Turret: 740mm
Rear Hull: 698.5mm
Side Hull: 1,810mm
Mantlet: 3,325mm
Weakened Zone: 3,450mm
Front Turret Corners: 3,450mm
Side Turret: 2,200mm
Roof: 235mm
Armor [Rolled Homogenous Equivalent with ERA vs. CE]:
Lower Hull: 1,400mm
Glacis: 2,980mm
Front 1/3 Side Hull: 1,100m
Front Side Turret/Side Turret: 2,100mm
Rear Turret: 1,498mm
Rear Hull: 1,387mm
Side Hull: 1,750mm
Mantlet: 3,610mm
Weakened Zone: 3,790mm
Front Turret Corners: 3,820mm
Side Turret: 1,830mm
Roof: 715mm
Suspension: Active Hydropneumatic Suspension System
Sensors & Range:
4th Generation FLIR @ 13km targeting range; 8km classification range
3rd Generation LADAR @ ~10km classification range
3rd Generation CITV
Night Vision: Integrated with sensors.
NBC Protection: Air-tight chassis and turret, air filtration and overpressure air conditioning system, masks and uniforms. Protected against EMP.

Cost for Upgrade: $2.7 million / $3.2 million
Cost for New Production: $10 million / $11 million

[b]Tank Munitions[/b]

[b]Ammunition:[/b] The principle round used on the Nakil is the new XG.784 “Atmos” rocket assisted kinetic energy (RAKE) projectile. The rod weighs ~9.56kg, while the entire round boasts a mass of ~19kg. While the sabot is composed of relatively light weight materials, the true weight increase is a byproduct of adding a single intake under the sabot, powering a ramjet engine with a low thrust augmentator. A barbettage injection method, mixed with the small cartridge augmentator, increases combustion ratios from 1:3 to ~1:7. This offers a lighter weight solution to a solid propellant rocket, as well as slightly higher velocities. Additional weight is provided by fused sensors, making the XG.784 both a sensor fused weapon (SFW) and a smart attack munition (SAM). The engine can boost the velocity of the round to near 2,800 meters per second beyond the muzzle; near 1,700-2,200 meters. However, effective kill range still doesn’t surpass 6-7 kilometers. The rod is a depleted uranium (dU) projectile, covered with a chrome spray to reduce erosion, which provides a 15% increase in penetration efficiency over tungsten. The penetrator itself has a diameter of 28mm and a length of 887.6mm, which details a 30.7:1 aspect ratio. The sabot is 993.4mm long. However, considering the higher velocities the round is moving at penetration begins to take a different form and although penetration of the XG.784 should exceed by much the penetration of a standard 120mm L/55 smoothbore cannon, it wouldn’t necessarily be as proportional as an increase in velocity to 1,900m/s. In other words, the amount of penetration begins to level off, as if reaching an asymptote. Testing in Mandalay using hydrocodes found this to misleading because as velocity of the penetrator increases the resistance put by the target decreases, meaning although actual penetration may not increase linearly, technically there would more penetration because the target would collapse within itself. These tests included penetration studies on single plates, multi-plates, ceramics and ceramic laminates, all showing similar results. A later report was published in Beda Fromm providing tests that had suggested penetration of a 125g rod at 4km/s to be ~198mm, while a 250g rod striking at 2.96km/s penetrated 382mm of semi-infinite RHA – said rod also had an l/d ratio of 30. A 125g rod with an l/d ratio of 30 moving at 3.02km/s penetrated 287mm of semi-infinite RHA. Incidentally, the first rod had an l/d ratio of 15. It all seems to reinforce the Arca. IV Nakíl program in lengthening the l/d ratio to ~30 [a little less], and the fact that despite previous testing higher velocities does not limit penetration depth, although mass plays a bigger part in the hypersonic regime than does actual hypersonic velocity. This was further reinforced by the same report which tested different mass rods with the same l/d ratio of 20. A 1kg rod moving at 2.28km/s penetrated 420mm of semi-infinite RHA, while a 2kg rod moving at 2.06km/s penetrated 486mm! The Nakíl’s RAKE searches for the optimum of both, which is why the round is heavy, yet reliant on higher velocities, attempting to achieve an impact and penetration that has been unseen in prior armor design.

The second most accepted round is the XG.398, a shallow cone shaped charge (SCSC), which consists of a tandem shaped warhead, designed to defeat ERA and then penetrate ~1200mm of armor thereafter, while the jet would be moving at near 13,000 meters per second (the jet, not the round). Studies in the Ejermacht’s Proving Grounds in Mandalay proved that a low mass shaped charge would render higher performance, efficiency and penetration than a higher mass shaped charge, while further penetration would be guaranteed by changing the shape and expansion of the chemical warhead. The former fact was found after extensive testing between high mass tungsten jets and low mass tungsten jets; the high mass jet was found to break up at an increased rate and as mass increases radial velocity gradients increase. For example, a long stand-off shaped charge would increase break-up time, although penetration time would decrease. The two jets themselves are composed of aluminum, chosen for its low density and high velocity, with molybdenum used as the liner due to its intrinsic sound propagating properties. This team has proved to provide quite the warhead. The tandem warhead is actually cooperation between three different explosive conical jets, like later Soviet HEAT designs. This should provide a powerful foe to explosive reactive armor and aid in proving that HEAT warheads are not totally obsolete, especially when matched against side and rear armor.

Secondary rounds include a smart top attack weapon (STAW), and a smart target fire activated fire and forget (STAFF) fire and forget round. Both types use a long-standoff explosively formed penetrator (EFP). Originally, the EFP would use a copper lining, however greater penetration was found to occur with a multiple copper liner concept, which would also work with increasing success against the new ERA roof appliqués being designed. Nevertheless, both rounds (the XG.117 and XG.837, respectively) offer outstanding results for long range application anti-armor warfare. The XG.117 is perhaps the more versatile of the two, and the most likely to compliment the XG.784 “Atmos”, while it’s designed to be fired out of any smoothbore cannon, and any difference is propulsion type with slight variations to the design of the round. Being sensor fused, much like the XG.784 and the XG.398, the XG.117 STAW uses a high arch flight to knock out main battle tanks beyond line of sight, as well as light armored vehicles, dismounted troops, infrastructures or slow moving aerodynes. The total weight is 28kg, with a length of 984mm, while the projectile itself weighs ~20kg. Using a combustible cartridge the round leaves the bore of the gun at ~900-1100m/s, with a range of 2,000 to 9,000 meters using a base bleed type rocket engine at the end of the round. As a warhead the XG.117 uses a long jet penetration explosive formed projectile [EFP] performing a penetration of a maximum of ~300mm rolled homogenous armor equivalent [RHAe]. Guidance is preformed by both millimeter wave radar and an infra-red homing device, combining viewing geometry with the sensing spectrum. The XG.117 round should be the most impressive round from the perspective of poorer nations, and STAWs in general have been considered one of the gravest threats to the modern main battle tank, apart from the anti-tank guided missile.

The XG.451 is a HE/FRAG [high explosive, fragmentation] round measuring 120mm in diameter and 600mm in length. The end of the round is occupied by a drive plug that is designed to break off after the round leaving the muzzle, while it would also carry the drive band, achieving a clean break off by using conical contact surfaces. The drive plug and the solid propellant casing is manufactured out of maraging steel, while newer threads were designed to connect the propellant casing and the nozzle ring and the forward sections of the round. Given the high exit velocities of the round a smaller inlet was designed on the XG.451 while the intake of higher than mach wind velocities also maximizes the performance of the solid propellant ramjet engine [SPRJ]. Understandably, the design of the XG.451 and the XG.784 differ considerably, so the two SPRJs should not be mistaken as the same design, or the same system. In fact, the XG.451 is one of the first ramjet driven high explosive projectiles designed, as opposed to the XG.784, which while being one of the first, most certainly stands on the shoulders of much more design and testing. In any case, the 30kg round, with a 3kg high explosive and almost two thousand tungsten metal balls, is one of the most modern and deadly anti-personnel rounds designed. The round can be used for ranges of over four thousand meters, much longer than the Israeli APAM (by about a kilometer), and much more longer than the future (X)M1028 being designed by the United States (by about 3.3 kilometers). The fuse is designed to be set when the round is already in the firing chamber, programmed by a coil, or in other words the tank’s fire control system. The round would leave the muzzle at around 1,250m/s, using the ramjet mostly for the extended range capabilities.

The anti-tank guided missile [ATGM] ‘Pilum’, a co-development with the tank and meant exclusively for the Arca. IV, is a fairly long enhanced fiber optic guided missile [EFOGM] designed for extended range targets. Much like the XG.784, the Pilum incorporates new ramjet technologies to enhance its range and offer an alternative to a solid fuel rocket engine. The power plant of the missile is a ducted ramjet, using a nozzleless integrated booster which surrounds the ram combustor. The ramjet uses an oxygen deficient boron loaded solid propellant with a gas generator and feed this into the ram combustor using an interstage section. This interstage is composed of a control valve/actuator, a fuel injector, and an igniter. Underneath the missile would be the air duct, with the air intake closure being located just under the fins at the end of the missile. This ramjet propels a fully sensor infused tandem HEAT warhead which, like the XG.398, uses a low mass, shallow coned shape charge, with penetration capabilities of ~1,200mm. The launch sequence follows a simple routine, having a propellant within the tank barrel burn for about a tenth of a second, reducing the amount of recoil, and when the missile is a safe distance from the tank it ignites the main ramjet motor going into full burn sometime thereafter, allowing it to go over trees and other obstacles to defeat the threat. The missile is a top attack ATGM designed to arch up and then begin terminal descent at ~80 degrees, shortening its range but making it harder for active protection systems and hard kill close-in weapon systems to have a great impact on the missile. The sensors infused in the nose include a short range and rather temporary radar jammer, as a counter active protection system, and a small, cylindrical chaff dispenser. Finally, guidance is provided through fiber optic datalinks that use outside sensors and previsualization to guide the missile, as opposed to a bulky on board radar. This, consequently, also allows for the jammer that was previously discussed. In the end, the maximum range is estimated at eight kilometers, making the missile effectively a beyond visual range [BVR] munition, and has a terminal velocity of just over Mach 6, making it hypersonic, while the jet velocity is near 13,000 meters per second. One of the disadvantages of the Pilum is the relative high cost of each missile, which is ~550,000 United States Dollars per unit. Nevertheless, the Ejermacht has seen the cost as worth the effect of the missile, considering the damage done and the ability to confuse and even avoid active protection systems as worth the ridiculously high cost.

[b]Crew Dapartment and Electronics[/b]

The crew compartment is a single compartment not divided by firewalls between separate crew members. The tank commander is on the right side of the turret, behind the gunner [looking at the tank from the top-rear], with their cabin divided by an armored firewall, splitting the dual autoloader, which are themselves split from each other by a firewall. Each combat vehicle crewman [CVC] has an integrated helmet, with a right ocular helmet mounted display [HMD]. The new helmets feature a thicker ballistic shell to protect the head against shell fragments, and an integrated digital intercommunication system between crewmen of the same vehicle. Each of the three members is also cooled by the personal climate control system which is installed in the seat frame. The former provides a cool climate condition for the crew members, increasing crew comfort. The latter is made to be as comfortable as possible, and the seats are slightly tilted forward despite the fact that the crewmember is at a more obtuse angle of deployment in the new tank. Furthermore, directly in front of the crew compartment is an energy absorption unit which works similar to the concept of a front mounted engine by providing further protection to the crew. Unfortunately, this does mean a slightly longer tank, while the EAU is not as large as an engine would be, although admittedly, the density is greater. The argument for greater crew comfort in the Arca. IV came after a study of crew composition in Soviet armor and European armor, and the effects that crew comfort, or the lack thereof, had on the performance of the tank as a whole. For example, the half-egg shaped turret featured on the T-55, T-62 and less obviously on the T-64, while giving good ballistic qualities, cramped working conditions for the crew. This was found to result in a slower rate of fire, which counterbalanced the lower silhouette [as compared to the M60]. Despite the fact that the T-64 introduced an autoloader which seemed to have freed space, the turret was shrunk providing the same cramped conditions and resulting in the same consequences, which were more or less the same for the T-72. The same situation developed in the Leclerc Main Battle Tank. The Leclerc is capable of routinely making the first round fired the most accurate, meaning increased lethality – this is achieved through the inclusion of over fifteen computers having independent tasks and feeding this into the fire and control system, something which the Arca. IV incorporates [explained below]. Nevertheless, the Leclerc’s turret, designed for agility, makes movement impossible and shortens the crew’s optimum time in the tank to six hours, whereupon it must be replaced. Where battles often continue for over half of days this becomes rather undesirable for ultra modern tank design. Nevertheless, something that was adopted from the Leclerc is that each crew member does not need to move very far to access each control, making reaction time much faster. Although crew members cannot operate the tank standing up, due to the lower height of the vehicle, they do have room to move in case of fatigue of certain body parts [such as the legs].

The tank commander [TC] has a retractable and extendable photonic mast with a three hundred and sixty degree turning radius and is fully stabilized. The photonic mast also features a thermal imagine module [TIM] and can be switched to night vision optics and provides fifty orders of magnification with exemplary resolution. This newest reconnaissance device can be extended to a total of nine meters, with the ability to work without the engine turned on, using an auxiliary power unit. The decision to extend the commander’s sights was made with the understanding that this would increase the ability to conduct reconnaissance without putting the tank in danger of being targeted by a single or multiple anti-tank guided missiles, and would allow for a more restricted use of unmanned aerial vehicles which have the tendency to warn of military operations in the direct area. Along the turret, six cameras are mounted to give both the TC and the driver an accurate picture of threats around them; these cameras feed into a three screen display that is duplicated both in the TC’s direct area and the driver’s direct area. The rear mounted camera also helps the driver during retrograde maneuvers. The driver also has a global positioning system [GPS] navigational guide, which too is shared by the TC [to give orders]. The liquid crystal display units provided to the different crewmen, based upon their job distribution, also includes basic terrain maps provided by overhead flight or satellite reconnaissance, while the commander is given a battlefield combat identification system [BCIS] and a multi-purpose chemical agent detection [MICAD] meter. Most of the tank’s well being programs are also directed to the tank commander. The entire integration and better organization of the tank’s electronics allows for faster reactions between crew members, which in turn allows for a greater rate of fire and more precise shots. This latter aspect is enhanced by the better situated gunner’s sights, and the position of the seat of the gunner and of the gunner himself.

Despite the fact that a rounder turret would provide better protection, this becomes untrue when taking into consideration that the flat turret used on the Arca. IV also allows for the inclusion of light explosive reactive armor that is ablative to roof tops. Furthermore, ballistic protection of the crew is enhanced nonetheless through the use of the spall liner described in the armor section of this article. Finally, the advantages offered through crew comfort and the adoption of easier access and newer passive reconnaissance and viewing technologies negates the disadvantages which would otherwise be true with a turret style like the one debuting on the Arca. IV. Nonetheless, it has been argued that such a turret design is more susceptible to better and enhanced tandem HEAT warhead designs on top-attack fire and forget anti-tank guided missiles. Arguably, this threat is true for all turret types and is not something that is solely reserved for the Arca. IV. Furthermore, the Empire and its national vehicle projects has always pioneered enhanced crew comfort and relaxation, and this is certainly a ‘lead ahead’ in that respect, without sacrificing other important aspects in crew survivability.

[b]Electronics:[/b] Looking down on the turret, right of the 140mm cannon a miniscule circular platform denotes the presence of an advance targeting (AT) forward looking infra-red (FLIR) rangefinder. The Arca. IV project, under the auspices of top researchers, looked to replace the first variant’s mediocre sensors with newer technologies, and the crux of this project manifested itself as the 4th Generation FLIR featured on the newer Cougar variant. The new FLIR is wholly conformal and integrated with the hull, meaning the only visible part of the new system is the circular transceiver. The new package includes a fire support sensor system (FS³), featuring a modular laser designator which allows for much more accurate engagements. The FLIR ‘box’ is designed as a canister with a rotating ball, carrying the transceivers, which is stabilized on three axis and has an azimuth as wide as the turret of the tank allows it to seek (near 120 to 135 degrees), as well as +30 and -120 elevation. In detection this 4th generation FLIR is capable of three times the abilities of 1st generation FLIR, while in classification it has over four times the capabilities. One of the major breakthroughs which attributes to this increase effectiveness was established during at least two years of testing by individual companies in Arras. This was a dual band quantum well (QWILP) device which splits the MWIR (3-5µm) into two subsections of colors, which yields better renders, meaning better classification at longer ranges. Further research on the subject was conducted when the project was transferred from the team in Arras to a secondary project team in Fedala who had become the most celebrated research group on heterodyne techniques and laser rangefinders. A secondary and smaller transceiver was added into the cylindrical apparatus that made up the Arca. IV’s miniature rangefinder. This fielded a CO2 laser rangefinder using chirp pulse compression and working in the 10µm spectrum, which gave the advantage of eliminating eye hazards and increased transmission efficiency through mists and hazes, including the aerosol launched by many active protection systems. With an aperture diameter of 2.3 centimeters the transceiver gained reliable returns from a range of ~11 kilometers. The two separate rangefinders are fitted, as said before, into the same FLIR apparatus and both work cooperatively and feed cooperatively into the fire and control computer systems, meaning the new FLIR has a much easier time finding, reading, recognizing and returning targets than comparable systems used in other countries. The small dome around the two transceivers of the FLIR is built out of high energy cooled sapphire for its high hardness and resistance against thermal shock. The new FLIR rangefinder has a maximum targeting range of ~13 kilometers and a classification range of ~8 kilometers. The new technology increases the operator’s mobility in rain, snow or fog, both in day and night, and can see better through battlefield obscurants, including dust, sand and smoke. The new FLIR is designed to maximize survivability most of all, and with the given classification ranges theoretically the Cougar would be able to strike first, completing one of the prerequisites for surviving on the modern battlefield.

Something that has been used time and time again, and to great effect, has been millimeter radar. This time it has been used in conjunction with an all new active protective system on the Arca. IV explained above in this document. However, the development of radar on armored vehicles in the Empire deserves its own small vignette, especially considering the important part they have played in armored technology and how they are slowly being replaced by better infra-red laser rangefinders and laser radar applications. It’s a rather unfortunate phenomenon, especially given radar’s beautiful addition to the wellbeing of the tank, but it’s slowly being supplanted by newer applications. Nevertheless, on the Cougar the new radar plays a series of very important roles. As explained before it serves as one of the primary threat detectors for the active protection system, but it also serves as a third application for range finding, target detection and target classification; and not just incoming warheads, but incoming armored vehicles as well. Indeed, the radar system on the Cougar is the only sensor capable of three hundred and sixty degree surveillance, except when the roof hatches are opened. The new design offers a compact millimeter wave radar emitter and receiver, originally designed to be mounted on a small unmanned aerial vehicle. It’s infused with the roof of the armor and protected by four segments of steel flaps, offering limited armor against threats of roof armor appliqués exploding and harming it with either an explosive or with fragments formed after the explosive reaction. Four miniscule transmitters are implanted in a bulbous formation which rotates actively within a reinforced sapphire dome. The actual dome only protrudes a few millimeters from the top of the vehicle; primarily to avoid drawing small arms fire, as well as early warning sightings of the Arca. IV. All four emitters have a single receiver at the top of the sapphire bulb. This new solution offers a versatile, small, yet powerful option for the Arca. IV, and provides it with much more powerful radar than the two older variants of the vehicle, and past tanks produced by Kriegzimmer and other companies during the Great Civil War. The MMW also acts as a foliage penetrating radar [FOPEN], offering it advantages in areas of high brush work, while millimeter wave radar has always had the advantage of being able to penetrate nonmetallic material, and the bigger advantage of having a broadband in the millimeter wave spectrum which would allow for several short waves that give strong reflections of plastic and metallic weapons at closer range, making it as a much better warning sensor for enemy infantry that are close by.

The fire and control relies on an upgraded Cornerstone computer. The first generation cornerstone was included in the Arca. I Cougar Main Battle Tank, which within itself was a generation above the Brass fire and control system which one can still see today in various international designs which had purchased the computer system from Kriegzimmer. The new Cornerstone features various aspects of the old Cornerstone. Although the entire process takes only milliseconds worth of time, it can be broken up into several distinct levels of operation. First, the FCS systems gather all low resolution imagery, infra-red imagery, high resolution imagery and infra-red imagery, radar information and sensor information. Using all of this the FCS system can detect vehicle position, orientation and range, as well as provide accurate ballistic solutions, and perform threat solutions with fast countermeasure expenditure. This information is displayed to the crew, communicated with tanks in the same information network, and translated into the tank armament, providing the Arca. IV with one of the best fire and control systems currently do date. The improvement on the system is mainly based around the inclusion of a conduct of fire calculator, which networks another fifteen computers which detect wind speed and direction, temperature, atmospheric pressure, apparent target motion, range data and the ballistic characteristics of the round. The new Cornerstone is also intertwined with enhanced position location reporting system [EPLRS], the BCIS [note crew section] and a sensor management system (SMS) which includes thermal, electromagnetic and acoustic management. Cornerstone is stabilized on two axes and provides with targeting data of up to eighteen targets at a time, prioritizing with what it is designed to think as the most dangerous target at the time. The inclusion of so much processing power and so many individual computers taking so many precautions allows the Arca. IV more accuracy when firing on the move. The entire Cornerstone system centralizes around a digibus central processing unit [CPU] which works on a military specific operating system [OS] – Sajer. As a cooperating process to the fire control system, the battle management system [BMS] is a multi-sensor-aided supplement to increase the accuracy and computing velocity of Cornerstone – that said, it should really be considered as an integral part of cornerstone. The BMS also helps further cooperation between battlefield control aircraft.

Communication wise, as explained above, each crewman has a helmet mounted digital intra-crew communication system, composed of a fiber optic net within the tank. This should provide advantages over conventional communication systems, as well as protect against jamming equipment and such. For inter-tank communication the Arca. IV has a high encryption very high frequency [VHF] radio, as well as a satellite datalink for beyond tactical communications.

[b]Armour and defense:[/b]

[b]Armor:[/b] Throughout the tank project, even for the Ausva. A, although there was no home grown ceramic armor composite drawn up for the design at that time, there was a series of tests in Targul Frumos. This included a major conference on wave propagation in composite and ceramic armor, and the difference between said two armors, which would eventually allow engineers to decide on which to settle on for the Panzer. In the end, it was decided that to stop kinetic penetrations and chemical penetrations alike the best was ceramic armor, and there was a host of ceramics to pick from, as well as other composite materials. From this variety the final product, Cermin Armech Modulien [CAM], was produced. The actual ceramic of CAM is encased in two walls of improved rolled homogenous armor [IRHA]. True breakthroughs to harden the steel while keeping its ductility, weldability and relative low cost (to other materials). With the constant battle between armor and projectile it is imperative to look for greater strength in mass effectiveness – meaning, without the sacrifice of weight and space. According to ballistic testing using a tungsten penetrator fired out of a 105mm smoothbore, IRHA was superior to conventional RHA, while still having the ease of weldability, while surprisingly, a tested high hardness alloy, which had ~.30% carbon (the IRHA having ~ .26%; for weldability steel should normally have .24-.26% carbon) fell between the IRHA and RHA in resistance to the penetrator. Of all, IRHA proved ballistic superiority over RHA without increase in weight or space. The exact composition of IRHA would be .26 carbon, 3.25 nickel, 1.45 chromium, .55 molybdenum, .40 manganese, .40 Silicone, .009 Phosphorous, .002 sulfur, and this is normalized at 1700 F, and then air cooled, where they were austenitized at 1625 F and water quenched. Finally they were tempered at 925 F for Rc47 hardness, which showed superiority over Rc41 hardness. When put together to form CAM the IRHA is backed up by semi hardened steel and Armox 600, a type of high hardness steel in the Rc55 spectrum. Evidence suggests that the same penetrator striking an Rc47 Semi-infinite IRHA target at 1716 m/s would penetrate 107-109mm of armor. Originally titanium was chosen over both rolled homogenous armor and improved homogenous armor, but the cost of not only producing and properly welding the titanium was far over the budgetary requirements of the unit, while it would prove even more expensive to test titanium with different alloying, including carbon and molybdenum, both of which are used in steel and titanium to increase hardness without sacrificing ductility. Improved rolled homogenous armor proved to be superior in cost and provided a readily available solution to improving CAM.

In a 2014 test in Dalmatia it was decided that the ideal ceramic would be of low density to reduce total weight, while it would be high in shear moduli, compressibility and high bulk. A separate conference in 2015 on wave propagation in ceramic found that high tensile strength was also just as urgent to avoid fracturing of the ceramic during impact. In the end three different ceramics were chosen for the job, including sintered silicon carbide [SSiC], Titanium Di-Boride, and Alumina Zirconia. Each of the ceramics during manufacturing is prestressed, increasing resistance to impact and to subsequent shockwaves. The idea is that even should the ceramic crack, because of the confinement of the volume and location, the ceramic’s resistance is still kept, meaning that the armor would not be a one use wonder. The Alumina is arranged first to make use of the alloys excellent poisson’s ratio, which would mean that the alloy would simply compress and powder upon impact, reducing the kinetic energy of a projectile, and breaking up a jet from a high explosive anti-tank warhead, or a similar weapon system. The silicon carbide is arranged second as a neutral buffer to offer slightly less resistance, but at a lesser weight. The idea is that although the silicon carbide performs the job less adequately than the alumina, the fact that the alumina had already attracted much of the energy of the penetrator, the light weight of the silicon carbide would actually lessen the weight of the entire armored scheme, and because it didn’t have the face that same power as the first layer, it wouldn’t undergo the same dangers. The final layer gives the pure force against kinetic penetrators, with high compressibility, but with less chance of powdering, meaning the ceramic is centrally designed to totally stop the projectile. The Titanium Di-Boride also has the less chance to fracture, making it a perfect candidate for the job. Ballistic testing in Targul Frumos also proved the value of fiber reinforcement of ceramics and compounds alike, and so the entirety of CAM is laced with fiber reinforcement, putting the icing on what has been proven to be an extremely effective armored scheme. Originally, depleted uranium [dU] was planned to be alloyed into the confining steel, but instead it was opted to simply stick dU rods at certain intervals which would increase the chance of the rod ricocheting faster, or at least induce greater amounts of yaw on the round. The decision between the two methods of including dU into the armor are not fully understood to physicist, but it is understood that the older chobham, which CAM is largely based off, used either modules of dU or dU rods and gained greater chances of slowing and skewing the rod than by inserting the dU during the heating of the steel, which is evident in the Leclerc’s armor scheme. The study of the impact ballistics of the two will be studied, and it is possible to see a change in a future variant (see below).

As common practice on armored vehicles of the current generation, engineers decided to cover the passive ceramic armor with a reactive armor on top. In the summer of 2011, during the design of the Ausva. A, Kriegzimmer conducted a test which decided on the protection capability of dual flying plates against long-rod penetrators, which are by far the greatest threat to modern tank forces given the doctrine of most of the international world. It was decided that although a dual plate explosive reactive armor was superior to a single plate explosive reactive armor, the results yielded by the plates moving in opposite directions were not necessarily all that superior. However, mass efficiency could be reached through making the rear plate as heavy as possible. Consequently, the rear plate is roughly 48.5mm thick, while the front plate is around 25mm thick. These two plates are separated by tightly packed explosives which would force the front plate towards the penetrator and the rear plate away from the penetrator. This concept endured further testing in 2015 at Mandalay and it was decided that the effects of the first plate would be sufficient enough so that the second plate would put up quite a bit of resistance against a long-rod penetrator, that by this time would have either been turned, snapped, or would have lost much of its momentum. The explosive is actually piled forward, with the rear plate and the explosives separated by three thinner inner plates which are said to be segmented, meaning that they are intended to detonate separately. This ultimately means that the blocks may be reusable, although given the strength of modern penetrators, this would be a less frequent occurrence. The effects are said to be maximized at a minimum slope of 60 degrees. In any case, only about 95% of the front of the tank is protected, most notably leaving parts of the bottom of the turret, and mantel, without protection due to the fact that the blocks would impede the depreciation of the main gun. About 80% of the sides and rear are protected. The Arca. IV is also one of the first and few tanks to employ a roof appliqué explosive reactive armor system. This of course is lighter than the heavy ERA fitted as appliqué to the front, sides and rear of the tank, but nonetheless offers a substantial increase in protection of the roof, one of the weakest areas of any vehicle. The fact that the turret roof is relatively completely flat, having the roof hatch at the rear, allowing the gun to depress, means that more of the roof can be effectively protected by light explosive reactive armor. The system uses 7.6 x 11.9mm blocks with two parallel plates lined with explosives underneath. The plates are designed to explode outward, offering ~four times the protection as RHAe [against HEAT] given the ~90 degree sloping of the roof. Nevertheless, the roof mounted ERA appliqué offers an interesting, innovative and effective method of negating the advance of smaller submunitions used in tank killing. Nevertheless, the system is defeated through the use of the tandem warheads on top attack anti-tank guided missiles – but some protection is better than no protection.

Underneath both the explosive reactive armor and the CAM there is a spall liner which offers the ultimate layer of defense for the crew, attempting to avoid hazardous and very hot fragments of penetrators pouring into the crew cabins. Two options were originally available, Kevlar and Steltexolites, and in the end the fact that Kevlar offered similar protection against fragments at just ¾ the density, it was chosen over the latter, although the latter provides greater protection against armor piercing shells. Nevertheless, arguably, the first two layers would provide the most critical defense, and if the round was able to penetrate this then it would most likely be able to penetrate the spall liner as well. However, by 2017 Spectra Shield and Dyneema has been successfully tested in places such as the naval proving grounds at Targul Frumos, and both achieved similar results as Kevlar but at ¾ the weight. Consequently, it was finally decided to adopt Dyneema, which had seen past use in German armored fighting vehicles, while it also boasts comparable resistance to fiberglass at 1/3 the density.

The front turret is cast with an internal cavity that is filled with confined quartz and glass reinforced fibers. The turret reinforcement armor is known as “Idaisu”. The quartz is more accurately quartz sand like filament, produced of a type of quartz gravel, asphalt and wood-flour type composite, and this entire composite resembles a fused silica. Ballistic testing has proved this superior to rolled homogenous armor, with a total effectiveness of around ~1.7 mass wise against kinetic energy, and at least ~3.4 mass effectiveness against HEAT warheads. This reinforcement is completely integrated with the turret corners, mantlet and weakened zones. Similar, if less effective, reinforcements include the filler in the prototype of the T-95, an experiment American tank designed during the Second World War, as well as corundum armor which first debuted with the T-64A and saw an enhanced version in the T-80U-M1 Snow Leopard, which was originally conceived as fiberglass enclosed in steel layers. Idaisu improved on both versions of corundum by using a triple hardness steel composite [the same used for CAM], as well as better confinement – newer manufacturing techniques has also allowed to lighten the composite, and it provides a good armor to place directly under the areas protected by the grenade canisters used by the Giod hard-kill active protection system. Furthermore, the use of glass reinforced fibers as opposed to the Soviet steklotekstolit, which is a similar, if older material used in Combination-K, or corundum. Questioning ensued in the project on the actual purpose of the Idaisu, seeing as how adding CAM to the turret, replacing the Idaisu, would increase resistance. It was finally reasoned that the lighter mass of the Idaisu, while keeping similar densities, if less mass effectiveness, would mean that the turret could be reasonably reinforced in the mantlet, weakened zones and turret corners without seriously forcing the turret to be overweight. It would also mean that the tank could complete the one most important aspect of the Nakil relevant to the armor.

The trend was to rearrange the armor from the side and rear to the front, which was more or less a global trend as well. It was found that most impacts were on the mantlet, weakened zone and the upper glacis, which is why generally we find these areas to be the most armored on modern main battle tanks since the 1960s. This was further bolstered by explosive reactive armor in some countries, depleted uranium in others and spaced armor in others, depending on national views and army requirements. However, recent anti-tank guided missile threats and more modern targeting computers that have caused a revolution in armored warfare have been changing the most threatened location of the tank from the front to the side and rear. This is one of the reasons for active protection systems, which forces tankers to think outside the frontal arc of the tank. However, the Panzer VII goes one step further and again rearranges the armor. The ultramodern materials used with CAM and new techniques improving heavy explosive reactive armors [HERA] allow for high armor ratios in the traditional areas of the tank, while also allowing for the rearrangement of armor to the sides and rear without adding too much weight. In other words, the Nakil sacrifices frontal armor, without actually sacrificing survivability, and shifts the armor to the once extremely unprotected sectors of the tank. Through the use of lightweight and efficient armors in the front, including Idaisu, while providing sufficient mass efficiency through CAM and the advance HERA, the Panzer VII offers awesome protection, and does not forget about the rest of the hull. In fact, the Panzer VII is the first tank to take these measures and will most likely cause new trends in armor design throughout the world. To finalize the order of armor, the Panzer VII completes itself with a thin layer of armor protecting the bottom of the vehicle to increase crew survivability in case of an exploding mine. The new armors, rearrangement of said armor, and added armor in the bottom should increase the survivability of both the vehicle and crew incrementally, especially with growing technologies in steel and ceramic.

[b]New Armour and Defense Upgrades[/b]

The hull structure remains the same constructed out of improved rolled homogenous armor. Brand-new 1A3s will have the hull sides strengthened, however, while upgraded tanks will have add on plates welded, in order to allow the installation of a heavy explosive reactive armor over the hull. The added plates are meant more to stop the remainder of the jet or the penetrator which is not defeated by the reactive armor than to survive the moving back plate (the hull was already strong enough to withstand this degree of impact loading). This reactive armor is not as heavy as the Asteriox armor used on past tanks, but is similar. However, it uses only one titanium flier plate, with a single bulging perforated ultra-hard steel (600 BHN) plate (20mm) acting as a spaced layer between the forward-moving flier plate and the rear-moving back plate of the explosive reactive armor. On top of the explosive reactive armor is the tank’s main mass of composite-metal hybrid armor, including both passive and reactive elements (although not explosive). Instead of opting to use just one type of ceramic, Nakil instead use a gradient, or multiple types of ceramics to combine the abilities of each. Nevertheless, the bulk of the used ceramic is boron carbide, as is used on the Lince main battle tank, for it’s low bulk density. In order to increase protection against shaped charge warheads, the second part of the gradient is composed of pyrex, which has an even lower density than boron carbide. The boron carbide is backed by a thick layer of rolled homogenous armor in order to protect against the spalling of the ceramic tiles. In the Nakil metal has been used more than in past incarnations of the tank, and this time in the form of ‘triple hardness metal’ (as opposed to steel) – this includes a thin layer of very hard steel (500 BHN) to break the projectile, a second layer of aluminum dotted with nuggets of boron carbide to provide a strength which can be compared to armored steel (see: Zhang, Haitao, et. al., Superlightweight Nanoengineered Aluminum for Strength Under Impact, Advanced Engineering Materials, Volume 9, Number 5, 2007) and a third layer of perforated aluminum. It should be all steels have also seen radical improvement through the introduction of carbon nanospheres, much like the boron carbide nuggets in aluminum, which can withstand shock pressures of close to 250 tons per square centimeter (see: Eshel, David, Power Shields: Bomb-killing ceramics and nanomaterials improve vehicle protection, Defense Technology International, March 2007). All of this will radically increase protection or allow for a great decrease in weight – the latter being the optimal solution. Finally, the armor includes a top layer of heavy explosive reactive armor, similar to Asteriox in composition, although made with titanium flier plates to decrease weight.

Thicknesses vary from location to location, but as expected the thicker modules are located in the front 90º of the tank, with thinner modules protecting between the 90º arc line and the 120º arc line. Like in previous tanks, however, lightweight special armor has been used to increase protection of the rear of the vehicle without sacrificing weight – although costs, as can be expected, spiral upwards. In the case of the rear of the vehicle the gravest threats are infantry small arms projectiles with steel and tungsten cores, as well as rocket propelled grenades and anti-tank guided missiles. The latter are almost near impossible to protect with, especially with physical armor, but the damage done by impacting rocket propelled grenades can be attenuated to a large scale – as long as most of the energy of the grenade’s shaped charge warhead is consumed during penetration. Consequently, the rear side and rear armor is made up primarily of a layered composite armor –a low-density pyrex front-plate, backed by S-2 glass and aluminum foam. The composite armor is protected by a thin steel plate against 8mm tungsten-core armor-piercing projectiles, to offer the vehicle basic survivability against these types of threats; the armor as a hole can defeat up to 20mm anti-material projectiles! Like in past tanks, the roof armor is still protected by light explosive reactive armor to defeat top-attack explosively formed penetrators and light anti-tank missiles. Furthermore, the vehicle’s floor has been modified by a new shallow v-shaped steel plate welded together with a hardened weld crest’to deflect the blast of anti-tank mines and improvised explosive devices; the suspension has not been modified, given that it’s an active hydropneumatic suspension and the crew can modify the vehicle’s height from the ground as necessary.

The tank commander’s remote weapon station emplacement, which allows the client to choose the RWS of choice, is now protected by a transparent gun-shield, which offers high protection against anti-armor projectiles of up to 13mm in caliber. The gun-shield covers the gunner on the front and on the sides and is composed of a front-plate of aluminum oxynitride, with several inner layers of polycarbonate the armor is very similar to the technology used to armor MecániCas’HIM-TEC design. The gun-shield is designed not to intrude in the roof’s armor and to work cooperatively with the explosive reactive armor; to appease clients, the gun-shield is also rated against fragments from the reactive armor, in the low probability that one of the bricks overreacts. In this way, the tank commander can operate the remote weapon station from inside the vehicle as designed and from an overhead watch position without fear of being killed by stray gunfire, a dedicated ambush or even a sniper.

It should be noted that the active protection system has seen a new modernization by Indra-Begón and is now known as GIOD Mk. III. This includes a new type of grenade that instead of using fragmentation to destroy inbound warheads, it uses the shockwaves of the blast. Consequently, the threat to nearby dismounted infantry has been radically reduced to the point where it’s no longer a relevant issue. Furthermore, the original radar mast has been eliminated, reducing the turret’s profile, and replaced by six sensors located around the tank operating in the x-band to track incoming threats. The protection system is otherwise the same and offers 360º protection for the Nakil. In modification packages the new grenades will simply replace the old grenades, as the same launching system is used, and the radar will be eliminated and replaced with the new iteration.

[img]http://img822.imageshack.us/img822/9288/ifvwood2lz21.png[/img]
[b]Marder II[/b]

Type- Infantry Fighting Vehicle
3 (Driver, Commander, Gunner)
Dismounts- 9 fully equipped infantry

Length- 9.1 meters
Width- 3.3 meters
Height- 2.6 meters
Weight- 59 tons

Power Plant- 1x Dat'Pizdy Mak-INV Automotive 4EVR1990 SureFire twin-turbocharged four-cycle multi-fuel diesel engine producing 2,000hp

Range- 500 miles (with full fuel, standard load, and ideal conditions)
Speed- 55 MPH (Road) 40 MPH (Off-road)

Armament-

-1x 57mm CTA CETA.57 ETC Hypervelocity Chain Gun, 200 rounds
-1x Four-cell ATGM pod for Panzerschreck Ausf.C ATGM, 6 rounds stowed
-1x 15.7x131mm MGM2C coaxial machinegun w/250rds of ammunition ready, additional 500rds stowed
-5x 12-cell 57mm Grenade Launchers
-2x 8-cell 82mm VIRSS Smoke Grenade Launchers

Electronics-

-IOV-I Commander's Independant Thermal Viewer
-PAV-II Commander's Periscope
-CIDCS Commander's Digital Camera Suite
-AVA.I Commander's Personal Weapon Station
-GST-VI Compound Main Sight
-VRL-IX Laser Range Finder
-AR-T-41A Millimetric Wave RADAR
-AFCS-3A Fire Control
-DDT-IV Driver's Periscope
-DDT-XI Driver's View Suite (Digital Cameras)
-NT-XVI Navigation Suite
-ARS-31G Communications Suite
-DAV Active Countermeasures Suite/Active Protection System

[b]Armament[/b]

The Marder II sports a remote controlled turret equipped with a 57mm CTA electro-thermal chemical hypervelocity chain gun, designated the CETA.57. The CETA.57 was designed with the past experiences of Panzergrenadier forces in mind. It is capable of engaging and destroying the vast majority of infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers fielded by foreign armies, and its large 57mm round and rate of fire (adjustable between two-hundred, three hundred, and four-hundred fifty rounds per minute) make it perfect for use in urban combat against dug-in infantry. Perhaps more importantly, the Marder II's turret allows for the CETA.57 to elevate at angles up to seventy-degrees, allowing for it to engage targets on the roofs of buildings as well as giving it potential as an anti-aircraft system. The cannon utilizes a dual-feed system allowing for two different types of ammunition to be used, the most popular being armor piercing discarding sabot (APDS) and electronically fused high explosive (EFHE), the later being a ballistically capped high explosive fragmentation round with a modular fuse, capable of being set to burst in midair, to burst on contact, or even to burst after penetration of the target. Other rounds include normal high explosive-incindiery (HE-I) and armor piercing-incindiery (AP-I). The cannon's use of cased telescoping ammunition (CTA) allows for not only a larger amount of ammunition to be stored, but for a smaller cannon all together, making more room for the battery, ammunition, and electronics.

Other armament housed within the Marder II's turret include a 15.7x131mm MGM2C coaxial heavy machinegun, allowing for the vehicle to engage more lightly armored vehicles such as trucks and light armored personnel carriers without having to expend ammunition from the CETA.57, as well as providing the vehicle its primary solution to infantry targets. When faced with enemy main battle tanks, the Marder II utilizes a four-cell pod for Panzershreck anti-tank guided missiles, allowing for it to defeat the armor of virtually every known main battle tank fielded.

[b]Armor[/b]

MoSAiC V3:

Front and Upper Glacis Armor:

Face: The face of the armor is made up of silicone glazed AMAP-B composite sandwiched between layers of perforated AerMet 100.

Spacing: An elastic polymer foam backed by rubber and steel is used to space the armor.

Heavy Metal Module: Behind that lie perpendicularly placed rods of titanium coated nanocrystalline tungsten/cobalt, which are pressed into a silicone elastomer bed sandwiched between layers of AerMet 100 and reinforced with the same titanium carbide monofilaments found in the core.

Core: The core of the armor is made up of a layer of graphite faced amorphous silicon carbide and AerMet 100 isostatically pressed between a silicone elastomer bedded Ti-6Al-4V metal matrix composite reinforced with monofilament titanium carbide, which extends through the core to increase homogeneity. This entire assembly is then sandwiched between two layers of AerMet 100 hardened to 52 HRC.

Core backing: The core is backed with a layer of titanium carbide monofilament reinforced AerMet 100 hardened to 52 HRC.

Integral Armor: Titanium MMC and ceramic plates backed by a metallic foam/elastomer sheet between two layers of AerMet 100. Provides protection against 15.7x131mm heavy machine gun rounds.

Hull: Welded structural steel, surrounding and isostatically pressed into the integral armor.

Spall Liner: Boronated Spectra spall liner.

Side, Glacis and Rear Armor: The side and rear armor on a tank has to be thinner than armor on the front of the tank. Thus, a different configuration has to be used.

Side/Glacis Armor:

The Integral Armor, combined with the hull of the tank and the spall liner, can stop up to 25mm APFSDS from penetrating the side. But given the proliferation of heavy ETC autocannons on NS, more armor to the sides had to be added.

Side and Bottom Glacis:

Face: The faceplate remains the same, silicone glazed AMAP-B composite sandwiched between layers of perforated AerMet 100.

Spacing: The spacing also remains the same.

Core: The core is made out of graphite coated, monolithic fiber impregnated amorphous silicon carbide blocks bonded between two thin sheets of Ti-6Al-4V. This is fairly light and offers good protection against HEAT warheads.

Core Backing: The core is backed by a sheet of Ti-6Al-4V.

Then follows the integral armor of course.

Rear: The rear is protected by the integral armor, a thin layer of ALON and a thinner layer of the faceplate.

Floor: The floor armor is composed of two 12.7mm thick steel plates sandwiching a layer of ALON. The entire array is backed up by the integral armor and spall liner.

Add-On Armor:

*Appliqué: The appliqué uses pieces of ALON and rubber sandwiched between Ti-6Al-4V plates.

*Side Skirts: The side skirts are the same as the faceplate armor.

*Explosive reactive armor: Asteriox explosive reactive armor mounted along the front and front corners of the hull and along the face of the turret.

*Slat armor: Mounted to the engine to protect against RPG-type weapons.

[b]150mm Panzerwerfer Multi-Launch Rocket System[/b]

The Panzerwerfer has a twelve tube rocket pack which fires twelve 150mm rocket, using whatever warhead prescribed to it. The 'clip' can expend itself in just under eight seconds, while a secondary truck, if present, can re-load the tube system within fifteen seconds, providing a reliable, quick, and powerful, 'get in and get dirty' multiple rocket launch system. The 'clip' is layered with a coating of THYMONEL 8, a RENE N6 Single Crystal Third Generation superalloy, giving it better heat resistance, as well as Hydrogen Enviroment Embrittlement (HEE) protection. The 150mm Panzerwerfer is protected against NBC and EMP.

The rockets which can be launched from the Panzerwerfer include high explosive, anti-tank, cluster munitions, and heavy saturation rockets. Indeed, any type of rocket is compatible with the Panzerwerfer as long as it's 150mm in diameter and around six to eight meters in length.

The maximum range for the Panzerwerfer is fifty kilometers, lacking the range of the larger variant. However, it has a faster velocity, one hundred and twenty kilometers an hour, and has better traction, as well as torque. All in all, it is a very effective weapon, and cheap for its use.

[b]SdKfz 125 Self Propelled Howitzer[/b]

Specifications
Manufacturer: Stahl Land Industries
Crew: 3 (commander, gunner and driver)

Dimensions –
Length (hull): 7.1m
Contact with the Ground: 4.9m
Width (hull): 3.65m
Height (to roof): 2.25m
Vertical Deflection Range: 550mm
Weight: 23,700 kilograms

Main Armament –
Gun: CBH.790 160mm L/50 liquid propellant howitzer
Length: 8m
Extended Recoil Length: 550mm
Muzzle Break: Single-chamber muzzle break (70% efficiency)
Angle of Fire: -3º - + 70º
Traverse: 360º
Rate of Fire: 12 rpm
Ammunition: 50 rounds in the chassis

Secondary Armaments –
HammerFist remote weapon system
16x 76mm grenade launchers
3x 7mm short assault rifles

Engine: TA series 600 900hp hybrid gas turbine
Volume: .63m3
Output: 900hp (minimum)
Transmission: Industria Mecánica Real IMR-8020-30 hydrokinetic transmission
Efficiency: 83%
Suspension: Hydropneumatic
Tracks: MecániCas Type 640
NBC: One filter. Air conditioning system. Sealed. EMP Protected
Fire Protection: Two fire extinguishers.
Range: 550km
Slope: 65º
Vertical Obstacle: 1.4m
Wading Capability: 1.5m
Amphibious capability with preparation: 4.5m
Preparation time: 45 minutes
Cost: $4.3 million

[b]G17 Self-Propelled 254mm Mortar[/b]

The G17 is the first in a line of self-propelled mortars released by Krieg Industries, and is one of the largest mortars to be actively fielded by any modern army in extensive numbers. That said, the weapon is loosely based off the 2S4, the largest self-propelled mortar to be fielded prior to the fall of the Soviet Union, although restricted by severe limitations forced upon it by poor Soviet engineering in the area, including a very limited traverse, and a lack of general protection for the crew do to the open mount. The G17 looks to improve and generally outdo its Soviet counterpart, as well as provide the Union with what would be its first true indegenous mortar design. The G17 also has improved shell (bomb) technology, and is immensely more accurate than any of its predecessors. That said, the G17 also sports a higher rate of fire, a better built water cooling system, and increased range. The first units began to roll off the production lines, comissioned for the Army.

The gun's bore is 254mm wide, or 10in, while it rises to a length of 5,340mm [5.43m]. The gun is contructed out of high grade steel, and lined with lightweight chromium, increasing the amount of barrel pressure applicable from the propellant. The G17s gun can withstand a tested 675MPa worth of pressure, allowing for larger propellants to fire larger rounds, and increasing barrel life. The solid propellant uses the full length of the barrel and the full volume of the gun to achieve maximum range if needed, and to allow greater wights worth of high explosive shells. The solid propellant itself is detonated when the shell is loaded into the breech, and the pressure of the round sets off a pin which sets off the propellant. This makes the system slightly more complex than a standard mortar tube, but allows for much simpler insertion mechanics. That said, the gun still acts as a mortar by keeping high-arcing ballistics. The trunnions are located on either side of the tube, in two vertical cylinders around the collar.

The entire vehicle is protected by a thin 18mm layer of advance modular armour protection [AMAP], offering roughly 36mm worth of RHAe on the glacis, around 17mm RHAe on the side, and around 8mm in the rear, providing enough protection against small arms, although higher calibre rounds can still penetrate the hull. That said, the system is not designed as a frontline vehicle, and is designed to operate in a protected artillery company. The crew is protected by a thin roof, which forces the rear of the gun to be elevated, but allows the crew protection. The roof is covered by blast shields, while any windows are strong enough to withstand the overpressures and other effects associated with the firing of 254mm mortars.

The G17 can receive accurate information from aerial reconnaissance, and from ground based surface search penetrating radars. Fire and control is normally battery oriented, and a single gun, or a battery, can be called on by infantry and use coordinates to base fire. More modern alternatives include laser targetting and designation, as well as radar and other light based targetting systems, such as ladar and lidar, the former being the most used. That said, the rounds used are normally rocket propelled high explosive bombs, and the G17's nominal enemies include infantry in an open field or enclosed battle, as well as close range, or even point blank, artillery duties against fortifications in urban combat. The large calibre gun can also knock out light armoured fighting vehicles, such as many armoured personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles, and the range of the gun gives the G17 an advantage over similar systems in this case

[b]Artillery Rounds[/b]

[b]HE Round[/b]
Description: The High Explosive shell is merely an empty casting full of Octagen using a small brazen fuse, although there have been claims that the Army has issued the same round without the fuze, dispersing it randomly within stockpiles of the round; the idea is to defeat shortstop equipped ordnance.
Range: 80kms [standard]; 30kms [howitzer];
Velocity: Mach 4-6
Warhead: High Explosive
Guidance: Inertial and GPS

[b]DPICM Round[/b]

Description: The Extended Range Dual Purpose Improved Conventional Munition is the long range dispenser artillery round of the Army, able to carry up to seventy-two small anti-armor/personnel grenade submunitions. The round is capable of successfully engaging unarmored vehicles, soft skinned vehicles and personnel, at extremely long ranges, which amount to some forty kilometers for a howitzer and around eighty kilometers to one hundred kilometers for the advance field artillery system. The round is designed with GPS and inertial guidance, and's burst radius has been reduced to ten meters. The round has also been improved upon the XM982 design, incorporated rocket assistance. The anti-armour bomblets can effectively penetrate up to 130mm worth of armour.
Range: 40kms [Howitzer]; 120kms [Field Gun ETC/EM assisted]
Velocity: Mach 4 to Mach 7
Warhead: 72 Anti-Armor or Anti-Personnel Grenade Submunitions
Fire Capabilities: Non Line of Site; Fire and Forget
Guidance: GPS, Inertial, Millimeter Wave

[b]SADARM Round[/b]
Description: This Sense and Destroy Armor Munition is an extended program to the M898 munition of the US Army. The round carries a host of anti-armor submunitions that release themselves on top of enemy light armoured vehicles, penetrating the top armour. How it works is that the round uses a parachute like device to slowly fall over the target and at a certain height, dictated by a range of sensors, the round divides into two submunition penetrators that use their own sensors to search and destroy for enemy vehicles. When the target is located the submunition fires an explosively formed penetrator [EFP] at it. Under the best circumstances the TIR.21.155 SADARM has been able to destroy two vehicles with one round.
Range: 35kms [howitzer]; 50kms [artillery]; 80kms [EM or ETC artillery]
Velocity: Mach 4-7; terminal varies
Warhead: Anti-armour submunitions
Guidance: Inertial, GPS and Millimeter Wave

[b]HD Round[/b]
Description: The HD shell, just like the TIR.11.155 HE round,l is merely an empty casting full of HD blister gas using a small brazen fuse, although there have been claims that the Army has issued the same round without the fuze, dispersing it randomly within stockpiles of the round; the idea is to defeat shortstop equipped ordnance.
Range: 80kms [standard]; 30kms [howitzer]; 100kms [Corbulo]
Velocity: Mach 4-6
Warhead: Blister Gas
Guidance: INS, GPS

[b]RAAM Round[/b]
Description: The Remote Anti-Armor Munition is designed to be able to carry anti-armor mine munitions far distances, allowing to set up remote mine fields within minutes, especially in the face of an enemy advance. The round, if produced by Kriegzimmer, carries a single type of mine, set off through sensors which detail pressure and proximity, being quite accurate, and rather hard to see and deactivate in time. They are not designed to destroy tanks but rather blow off parts of the tracks, allowing further artillery and other strikes to deal with the now stopped armour. The mine has a 48 hour lifespan.
Range: 30 to 70 kilometers
Velocity: Mach 2 to Mach 5
Warhead: Submunitions; 60 anti-tank mines
Guidance: Inertial and GPS

[b]AFAP Round[/b]
Description: The TIR.31 is a nuclear tipped Artillery-Fired Atomic Projectile, with rocket assist, offering it an excellent range. It's a mini tactical nuclear weapon, designed to destroy large amounts of enemy personnel and vehicles within single strikes. The shell has never been used by the Imperial forces, although it is always stockpiled as a possibility. The nuclear warhead also use the effect of extended radiation [ER] to increase the killing power of the shell.
Range: 80 Kilometers
Velocity: Mach 6
Warhead: Nuclear [small, 5 -10KT]
Guidance: Inertial, GPS, Millimeter Wave

[b]Panzerschreck Ausf.B Advanced, Fire-and-Forget Anti-Tank Guided-Missile[/b]

[img]http://img401.imageshack.us/img401/6373/bull2tube11.png[/img]

Name: Panzerschreck Advanced Fire and Forget Anti Tank Missile
Classification: Anti-Tank Guided Missile
Manufacturer: Stahl Arms
Launch Platform: Shoulder-fired
Length: 1200mm
Diameter: 12.5cm
Weight: 13kg (Missile) 9kg (Firing post)
Speed: 300 m/s
Range (Operational): 4000m
Range (Minimum): 50m
Flight Profile: Top Attack/Direct Attack
Warhead: Tandemn HEAT
Penetration: 850mm
Powerplant: Two-stage solid fuel rocket motor (Boost/sustain)
Guidance: Infrared imaging/short wave infrared electro-optical; fiber optic datalink
Fuse: Contact fused
Price: $10,000 (Firing post) $5,500 (Missile)

Missile comes in a prepacked launch tube and is soft-launched. Launch post consists of thermal night sight and optical day sight (10x magnification), and is capable of being linked to the launcher via a wire if needed to allow for remote launches (multiple wires can be used with the launch post, allowing for multiple missiles to be fired remotely). The shoulder rest also acts as a bipod, folding out and allowing for the shooter to prop the tube up for remote fire. Fiber-optic datalink supplements electro-optical and IIR sensors, allowing for the shooter to update the missile's flight path mid-flight and acquire new targets, also allows for superb accuracy at extended ranges. The missile is also fully capable of fire-and-forget, allowing for the shooter to immediately relocate if needed, and the fire-and-forget mode is fully capable of being initiated mid-flight by the gunner if needed. A tripod is also generally issued with the weapon, allowing for a more stable launch platform. In addition to the ability to destroy targets such as tanks, armored fighting vehicles, and bunkers, Panzerschreckis also capable of attacking rotary and fixed wing aircraft flying at low altitude. A vehicle launched version, designated Panzerschreck, is capable of destroying targets at ranges up to 8000 meters.

[b]Panzerschreck Ausf.C Advanced, Fire-and-Forget Anti-Tank Guided-Missile[/b]

Seeker: CCD/IR or dual CCD/IR
Length
MR/LR: 1.3m ER: 1.74m
Range
MR: 2.5km LR: 4.5km ER: 8km
Weights
MR/LR (canister): 15kg ER: 35kg
MR/LR (firing post): 8.5kg ER (launcher): 30kg
Tripod: 3.5kg
Penetration: est. 1,900mm post explosive reactive armor
Guidance: LOBL/LOAL
Propulsion: Two-stage solid propellant rocket
Maneuverability (LR/ER): Thrust Vector Control

The AT-100 is best fired from a tripod, from a fixed location, or from a vehicle – it is not a ‘lightweight infantry anti-tank weapon’ (this job will be fulfilled by the AT-80); the AT-100 is a high-precision, highly-lethal anti-tank guided missile. The missile has several forms of attack, but the infantry versions (medium-range and long-range) use lock-on before launch (LOBL) guidance, while the extended range version offers both LOBL and lock-on after launch (LOAL) guidance; the advantage of the latter is mostly for helicopters, which allow them to fire the missile from the lowest possible altitude. The missiles use fire and forget guidance, taking advantage of a computer in the launcher and the warhead’s sensors to direct the missile without having to use the soldier to guide it by wire – the soldier follows the target for a few seconds and then fires. Two attack modes exist – direct attack (DA), meaning line of sight engagement (20 to 600m distance), and Overly Top Attack (OTA), with a maximum range of four and a half kilometers for the long-range variant of the missile (two and a half for the medium-range variant). Effectively, the TA-100 medium range missile is a 3rd Generation missile (fire and forget), while the TA-100 long range variant is a 4th Generation missile. 4th Generation missiles offer fire and forget, fire, observe and upgrade and fire and steer modes; the advanced seeker module also includes day sights (CCD) and night sights (IIR) and has advanced weather capabilities. The electro-optical seeker allows the missile to engage dug-in and entrenched targets, as well. Similarly, the extend-range version has a maximum range of eight kilometers! Fire and steer mode is mostly useful for vehicles and helicopters, since it allows the operator to steer the missile until the seeker can see the target through a wireless data link (this would still be considered LOAL).

[b]StAhl-3 Man-portable Air Defence System[/b]

Designation: StAhl-3 Man-portable Air Defence System
Classification: Man Portable Air Defense
Launch Platform: Shoulder-fired
Length: 1.5m
Diameter: 7cm
Weight: 22lb (Missile) 35lb (Complete system)
Speed: Mach 2.4
Range (Operational): 8000m (Seeker head only) 12000m (External tracking systems utilized)
Range (Minimum): 100m
Cieling: 4500m
Warhead: 7lb HE Fragmentation
Powerplant: Two-stage solid fuel rocket motor
Guidance: Infrared imaging/short wave infrared electro-optical; datalink
Fuse: Laser proximity fused/contact fused
Cost: $40,000 per missile ($5,000 for launcher)

Notes: Missile is soft-launched. The seeker head features lock-on after launch (LOAL) capability. Missile is capable of datalinking with friendly units and recieving targetting data from external sources; is most often used in conjunction with light UAVs. Infrared imaging/electro optical seeker makes the MANPAD virtually impossible to spoof with infrared countermeasures. Launcher features optical/electro-optical day/night sight, capable of identifying aerial targets from a distance of 8000m and allowing for the missile to be utilized from this distance.

[b]Lu-09 Ground Support Multi-Role Drone[/b]

Type: Multi role UAV
Engines: 1x CFPW TC476 Geared Ultra high bypass Turbofan rated at 40kN (9000lbf)
Cruise Speed: 380knots/700kph
Endurance: 24hrs+
Weights:
Empty: 4400kg
Loaded: 10,400kg
Max takeoff: 12,100kg
Max Fuel weight: 4000kg
Length Fuselage: 14.2m
Wing span: 30.6m
Height: 5.2m
Crew: none (2 at base station)
Load: up to 3000kg of internal equipment/weapons
Weapons: 1 internal weapons bay rated at up to 2000kg
Equipment: (standard)
CFES MK5132 multi spectral imaging system
CFES MK2032S multi mode radar
CFES MK9037S ESM package

The Lu-09 is medium altitude low observable Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) designed to carry out a variety of roles including wide area surveillance intelligence and reconnaissance (ISR) and strike taskings.

The Lu-09 is constructed primarily from carbon fibre based composites with some aluminium-lithium structural elements. Leading edges and other applicable areas are made up of Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM). The wings are slightly swept with a trailing edge crank and swept wing tips to improve aerodynamic efficiency and the leading edges of the wing and V tail are carefully aligned further reducing the aircraft’s Radar Cross Section (RCS). The primary RADAR Absorbent Material utilized in the Lu-09 are Schiff base salts. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat.

Supplementing the SBS in reducing RCS is an epoxyide applied to the airframe that reduces RADAR return through the use of non-organic microparticle absorbers embedded in the resin binder. Production of the material begins by coating 5-75 micron alumina spheres with a thin layer of silver and exposing the particles to selenium vapor at high temperature. The selenium reacts with the silver coating, which forms a film of silver selenide over the alumina sphere. This is loaded into the epoxyide matrix on a weight ratio of 1:1, which serves to enhance structural strength. Comprehensive studies into the absorptive qualities of the epoxyide appliqué indicate phenomenal performance – the silver selenide coated microparticles were found to reduce RCS by an astounding 20-25 decibels across the radio frequency range of 5-20 GHz. Also, the appliqué material shields the RADAR-transparent skin from being illuminated by hostile transmitters.

[b]Engine[/b]

The TC476 Engine is the latest and smallest of CFPW line of highly efficient ultra high bypass designs. Instead of having 1 single large fan these engines have 3: 1 central fan in line with the main engine core and 2 side fans. This arrangement makes the engine much more compact and resolves problems with fan weight and tip speed involved in conventional high bypass engines. Each fan is also gearing allowing the engine to operate at maximum efficiency across its entire operating range. This engine is mounted in the rear portion of the aircraft with an S-duct intake. The exhaust nozzle is an adjustable convergent/divergent design and carefully mixes the cold bypass air with the hot core air to notably reduce the aircraft infrared signature.

On the underside of the fuselage is an 11m long bay. Designed primarily to house up to 2000kg of munitions this bay can also be used to house additional fuel tanks (extending endurance to 36hrs) or specialist avionics including more sophisticated radar or camera sets.

The basic sensor set is designed to offer a detailed wide angle surveillance capability. The main radar is capable of operating in Synthetic Aperture (SAR), Inverse Synthetic Aperture (ISAR) and Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) modes and can quickly build up detailed imagery of the ground, regardless of weather or battle field obscurants such as smoke, and project onto this various target indicators. Complimentary to the radar is the MK5132 Multi Spectral Imaging System. This is based on a number of Electro Optical and Infra Red sensors spread across the aircraft allowing full 360 degree coverage. For closer and more detailed imagery a main high zoom sensor is located in the nose. Finally the MK9037S Electronic Support Measures package automatically detects and classifies enemy emissions. The “take” from all 3 sensor systems is seamlessly combined and uploaded to the ground station by sat link giving an impressively detailed picture of what is happening across a wide swath of terrain.

Due to the adaptable nature of the Lu-09, it can be easily configured for a number of specialist roles

Lu-09B: this is a specialist AEW conversion, the main radar is removed and the weapons bay is covered over by a large faring that contains a MK1223 AESA radar giving a detailed air surveillance capability out to a range of 460km (250NM), a bit of space is left in the weapons bay and this issued for additional fuel

Lu-09C: The Lu-09C is designed to work as a EW drone. The Lu-09C is equipped with a number of jammers designed to block ground forces RADAR/LIDAR/Data-links and digital communications.

Edited November 4, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | The Luftwaffe | Frontal Aviation[/size][/center][/b]

Frontal Aviation is the Reich's tactical air force assigned to the military districts and the groups of forces. Its mission was to provide air support to Ground Forces units. Frontal Aviation cooperates closely with the Air Defense Aviation arm of the Air Defense Forces. Protected by the latter's fighterinterceptors , Frontal Aviation in wartime would deliver conventional, nuclear, or chemical ordnance on the enemy's supply lines and troop concentrations to interdict its combat operations.

[b]Composition:[/b]

[url="http://forums.cybernations.net/index.php?showtopic=66479&view=findpost&p=1780923"]Luftwaffe Equipment[/url]: 105 Squadrons - 40 Lu-69 Air Superiority Fighter Squadrons, 35 Lu-71 Multi-Role Fighter Squadrons, 15 GLI-133 Ank'ríat Heavy Bomber Squadrons, 12 GLI-122 Blitz Bomber Squadrons, 3 Lu-27 Condor Squadrons - Effectively 1,140 Aircraft

[b]Equipment:[/b]

[b]Lu-65 Eagle Air Superiority Aircraft[/b]

[img]http://img827.imageshack.us/img827/3279/lu65.png[/img]

[Specifications (A-variant)]

Length: 24m
Wingspan: 15m
Height: 4.8m

Empty Weight: 19,800 kg
Fuel Weight: 14,800 kg
Weapons Payload: 8,500 kg
Loaded Weight: 39,500kg
MTOW: 47,500 kg

Speed:
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.8
Max Sea Level: Mach 1.2
Max Supercruise: Mach 1.9
Maximum Speed (A): Mach 2.8
Maximum Speed (B/C): Mach 3.6
G Limits: +13/-5 G

Wing Configuration: Dogtooth delta+Ruddervators+Canards
Wing Type: Mission Adaptive Wings + Foam Fuel Tanks

Ranges:
Ferry Range: 4,200 km
Ferry Range (Extra fuel tanks): 5,500 km
Combat Radius: 1,860 km

Service Ceiling: 21,500m
Climb Rate: 20,250 m/min

Weapons Layout: 1x Internal bay, 2x Side bay, 4x Wing pylons
Internal Bay Payload: 3,000 kilograms
Internal Bay Slots: 10 slots [larger AAMs take up more slots]
Side Bay Payload: 300 kilograms
Side Bay Slots: 1
Total Internal Payload: 3,600 kilograms

[b][General Data] [/b]

Type: Advanced Air Superiority Fighter

Personnel: 1 (Pilot)

[b][Airframe] [/b]

Where the “Xeon” made use of switchblade-style variable geometry wings to maximize maneuverability, the Hawk uses an even more unconventional design to achieve similar levels of performance while simultaneously reducing RADAR Cross Section [RCS] as demanded by Project goals. To this end, the Lu-65 employs a unique airframe layout that reconciles the conflict between stealth and maneuverability. The configuration of the Lu-65 is a radically new one, which utilizes dogtoothed mission adaptive wings paired with canards and flat ruddervators aft of the fighter. This unorthodox design choice generated significant controversy during the Project’s progression, which led to the separate development of another soon to be released fighter. However, this risky decision proved to be a sound one as evidenced in the Lu-65s amazing flight performance. This stems from the design’s inherent aerodynamic instability, which enables the Lu-65 unimpeded freedom of maneuver. However, this benefit also involves significant penalties in ease of control – the Lu-65 requires an extremely high level of pilot proficiency to operate effectively, even with its use of fly-by-light electronic control systems. The mission adaptive wings in fighter are another aspect in which the fighter stands apart from its peers - unlike conventional designs, the adaptive wing has no conventional ailerons, flaps, slats, or spoilers but incorporates flexible leading and trailing edges able to bend into a required position without leaving gaps. These are able to move from four degrees up to twenty five degrees down as enabled by its variable wing camber mechanism. Finally, the fighter is endowed with exceptional performance at high angles of attack due to its forward fuselage chine and canards, and additionally exhibits minimal drag due to its lack of vertical surfaces. In sum, the Lu-65s aerodynamic design is optimized for the air superiority mission by both reducing vulnerability to detection and ensuring superior agility.

The Lu-65 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter incorporates the highest quality of materials science in its physical frame. As derived from preliminary studies and evaluation, the fighter was designed to endure stresses of up to 13Gs, as this is the maximum level a human pilot may withstand before tissue damage occurs. The space-age materials used in the fighter were all jointly developed by the associated contractors involved in Lu-65s development, as were fabrication methods. Much of the fighter is manufactured from composite materials, due to their role in reducing RCS – one of the main goals of the Project. The skeleton of the Lu-65 is constructed from Ti-1100, a near-alpha, high strength/weight ratio titanium alloy. Monofilament silicon carbide whiskers are interwoven within a matrix of this material to impart further structural integrity and resistance to deformation. High stress regions of the airframe are reinforced with Ti-62222 alloy, most notably in areas near the variable wing camber mechanism. SICON-developed RADAR Absorbent Structure [RAS] is mated wherever possible to this base frame. The RAS is constructed of honeycombed Kevlar sections, treated with a proprietary carbon glaze, and then bonded to polyethylene/carbon fiber skins on its front and back, creating a rigid panel. Each honeycomb is 3cm in length, and absorbs incoming RF energy quite well; the relatively large gaps allow for the RAS to dependably absorb or at least weaken RADAR returns of all frequencies higher than 10 MHz. Further, new engineering techniques courtesy of MP Ordnance Corporation have allowed for improvements to the base aramid honeycomb design originally developed by TPMI/EC – the inner walls of the honeycombs are injected with a carbon-based aerogel impregnated with various RF energy absorbing compounds [see Stealth section]. The properties of this material are such that incoming RF energy is scattered further into the RAS network, which further reduces the Lu-65's already minimal RCS. For protection from hostile action, composite sandwich panels of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, thermosets, and carbon fiber embedded in an epoxy resin matrix is bonded underneath this shell. The aircraft is skinned in a composite comprised of silicone reinforced, Schiff base salt-loaded bismaleimide resin threaded with carbon fiber, which possesses superb strength to weight ratios and a resistance to thermal stress. Uncatalyzed Michael addition with polyhydric phenols to the base resin improves structural characteristics. The dissolved Schiff base salt elements, using the bismelmide resin matrix as a binder compound, serve to further reduce the Lu-65's RCS.

[b][Systems/Avionics][/b]

The Lu-65 boasts an exceptionally robust and capable avionics fit, an example of the avant-garde technology that Project "Eagle" championed from its conception to completion. Design of the Lu-65 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter’s electronics components was entirely mission-oriented – the various systems that comprise Lu-65 are finely engineered to maximize the ability of pilot and machine to engage in aerial combat against any potential threat or target. All of the various disparate elements of Lu-65 electronics are unified under the Mark 3 Integrated Modular Architecture, which is the fighter’s distributed on-board computer network. Mark 3 serves to coordinate and control mission-sensitive information to the pilot on a tightly integrated software and hardware platform. The architecture is fabricated on strained silicon wafers – an innovation of TPMI/EC that enables 33% faster processing speeds than competing designs. Developed as a method to reduce the impact of physical barriers to continued transistor miniaturization, the strained silicon wafers are produced by growing a sequence of epitaxial layers of varying lattice constants (the distance between atoms in the crystal formation). The approach that is utilized for silicon wafer starting material is to first grow a silicon epitaxial layer containing germanium. When enough germanium is added and this epitaxial layer reaches a critical thickness, the lattice constant of the silicon-germanium (SiGe) epitaxial layer will stabilize at a larger lattice constant value than the underlying silicon substrate. Then a thin silicon layer is grown on top of the SiGe epitaxial layer. Eventually, the pure silicon layer stretches to match the larger lattice constant of the SiGe layer. The physical properties of this unique material enable significantly reduced electron resistance, which thereby leads to 70% faster electron flow. This allows for the incredible boost in processing performance that the Mark 3 exhibits.

The Mark 3 architecture is manufactured in a full-custom ASIC design, utilizing revolutionary Quasi-Delay Insensitive integrated circuits. The use of asynchronous processing logic in the Lu-65 eagle provides several major benefits as compared to traditional versions (circuits governed by an internal clock); these include early completion of circuits when it is known that the inputs which have not yet arrived are irrelevant, lower power consumption because transistors do not work unless performing useful computations, superior modularity and composability, adaptable circuit speed based on temperature and voltage conditions (synchronous chips are locked in at optimal clock speed for worst-case conditions), easier manufacturing processes due to lack of transistor-to-transistor variability, and less produced Electro-Magnetic Interference (Synchronous circuits create enormous amounts of EMI at frequency bands near clock frequencies). The entire avionics suite is coordinated by five MP Ordnance Corporation-manufactured Central Integrated Processors [CIP], which are 4096-core processors running at 4.45 GHz, with 64 bits allocated per core and 12 GB of RAM allocated per processor. The Lu-65's subsystems are connected to the CIP via a quadruplex-redundant InfiniBand high-speed bus interface. This is a fiber optic cable network with a passive-transmissive star coupler operating at 3.75 GHz, with transfer rates of up to 48Gbit/s, developed in order to allow for the high levels of system bandwidth the Lu-65;s sensors and electronics consume. Because the integrated circuits operate under asynchronous logic, signals and instructions are processed near-instantaneously, without consideration for the restraints of a clock circuit.

A key component of the Lu-65’s principles of design mandated absolute systems reliability; engineers at Luftwaffe Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation quickly realized that the traditional way of ensuring systems reliability, by stacking on layers of redundancy, was outmoded; such measures provided little more than "get you home" capability, if that. Ultimately, it was decided that the best way of raising the Lu-65s mission reliability was to modify the overarching Mark 3 architecture in such a way that it could "repair" itself. In effect, the complexity of the structure is such that it can automatically bypass or even compensate for the failure of any individual element. For example, if a control surface fails, the unified flight control system used in Lu-65i will automatically reconfigure itself, distributing control functions among the surviving surfaces.

The Mission Management Suite subsystem of the Mark 3 is composed of the terrain/navigation suite, fire-control, munitions management and Electronic Warfare equipment. CIP resources are allocated to each function as necessary.

CDI-1 – Integrated navigational system of the Lu-65, developed in order to reduce pilot workload. Where previous avionics systems treated the myriad location-determining sensors of an aircraft as a discrete source of information, CDI-1 serves to manage the data gathered by each individual system and present it to the pilot in a coherent way. CDI-1 includes two primary sources of navigational information – an Inertial Reference System and a Terrain Reference System calibrated against each other to provide for unmatched accuracy in location.

The Terrain Reference System relies on careful measurement of the terrain profile passing beneath the aircraft with a RADAR altimeter and comparison with digitally-stored geographic data. The primary advantage to using a TR system is that a standard TF (terrain-following) navigation scheme will alert enemy Electronic Surveillance Measures far sooner, due to the RADAR beam's direction. On the other hand, a TRN altimeter has an extremely narrow beam width whose energy is directed downwards, rendering virtually all ESM measures impotent, a critical component of the eagle’s survivability.

The Inertial Reference System is comprised of two ring laser gyroscopes and an accelerometer located in the forward fuselage, coupled with GPS uplinks compatible with most standard satellite interfaces. Only one of the gyroscopes is necessary for normal operation; data from the second is fed to the Lu-65’s fire control systems to automatically adjust gun position for optimal accuracy.

MMTE-10 - Integrated fire control system of the Lu-65, which monitors all phases of weapons release. Data from the Sensor Management Suite is linked to this component, which constantly updates the pilot’s interface on target disposition and type. It draws on CIP resources to rapidly calculate suitable firing solutions. The MMTE-9 also functions to inform the pilot of the condition of the fighter's stores, control weapons launch sequences, as well as door controls and emergency weapons jettison.

NSER-5 - Integrated Electronic Warfare System of the Lu-65. It is comprised of a number of individual subsystems, all of which are closely tied to the MMS component via the InfiniBand high-speed bus interface. Threat detection is provided by a super heterodyne RADAR Warning Receiver, capable of monitoring LPI emissions through rapid signals processing of all major RF bands. NSER-5 also features a Laser Warning Receiver, which detects laser radiation and determines its bearing, one of the more popular guidance methods employed in modern missiles. In order to quickly track missile launches the NSER-5 incorporates three Missile Approach Warners, built into a set of apertures distributed across the aircraft. To increase the effectiveness of the system the MAW is also directly linked to the countermeasures systems allowing an instantaneous response to a local launch. The MAWs include a set of Rayleigh scattering processing modules, which serves to greatly improve resolution and accuracy regarding threat disposition.

Active countermeasures equipment is fitted to the Lu-65 in a series of modular apertures.

The ADN-2 infrared jammer makes use of a gimbal-mounted low-powered microwave laser to detect and jam incoming IR missiles. In order to preserve stealth characteristics, transparent lens covers manufactured from selectively permeable plastic serves to shield the device from RADAR visibility when not in use. The system is capable of jamming multiple IR and UV frequencies simultaeneously to provide improved performance.

The EOCM-6 is a pod-mounted blue-green laser used to detect and jam passive systems such as TV/FLIR automatic trackers.

The NRV-27 is the Lu-65's RF jammer which serves to emit radio frequency signals that interfere with hostile transmitter operation. The “smart skin” antenna embedded in the Lu-65's airframe enables the NRV-27 to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming in addition to standard noise jamming modes. In the DRFM mode, the Lu-65's manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the NRV-27 may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the doppler shift of the transmitted signal.

An XC-100 countermeasures dispenser is internally mounted, which is programmed to deploy multi-spectral chaff and flares only in the direction of a threat as determined by the NSER-5. The flares are treated with chemical additives that spoof the IR sensors of most IR guided missiles. Additionally, data from the NSER-5’s RWR set is linked to the chaff cutting mechanism – the XC-100 is sophisticated enough to interpret the RWR’s information and cut the aluminium strips to provide for maximum reflectivity to the RF band being deceived.

In practical terms, the NSER-5 serves to determine the location and nature of all threat systems, thereby warning aircrew when they are being tracked, targeted, or engaged.

The Sensor Management Suite subsystem of the Mark 3 package combines the Lu-65's RADAR, IRST, integrated signal processing, encrypted data, communications, and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System interface, allocating CIP processor power to the sensor subsystems as required by the mission. With the advanced, centralized architecture employed by the avionics, the SMS implements sensor fusion for the pilot to maximize situational awareness and reduce pilot workload. By automating the task of interpreting sensor data, the Lu-65 removes the possibility of conflicting data gathered by the various sensors and eliminates the need for manual cross-referencing.

AN/PSI-7 - RADAR system for the Lu-65, co-developed by Luftwaffe Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation and MP Ordnance Corporation. It is an Active Electronically Scanned Array system, mounted in the aircraft's nose, with sufficient Moving Target Indicator capability to achieve burn-through of 5th generation (F-22 level) stealth. Maximum search range of fighter-sized targets is estimated at 270 kilometers – however, the AN/PSI-7 may increase this range to 450 kilometers, though this comes at the cost of a much narrower field of view.

The AN/PSI-7's transmitter and receiver functions are composed of 3,300 individual transmit/receive (T/R) modules that each scan a small fixed area, negating the need for a moving antenna, which further decreases ESM detection probabilities as well as aircraft volume issues. Each of the T/R modules is composed of four MMIC chips - a drive amplifier, digital phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier, and a RF power amplifier. The chips are manufactured on indium-phosphide due to greater electron mobility, reduced noise, and higher frequencies of operation InP affords as opposed to more conventional semiconductor materials. To protect the antenna from detection by hostile ESM systems, it is mounted in a bandpass radome, transparent only to the band of frequencies used by the AN/PSI-7. When it is not in use, suitable electrical impulses turn the bandpass characteristic off, making it totally opaque.

The RADAR's elimination of hydraulics for antenna movements and distribution of transmission functions into the T/R modules alleviates logistical concerns. The AN/PSI-6 is a No Probability of Interception system, meaning that the waveforms of the RADAR have a much longer pulse and lower amplitude, as well as a narrower beam and virtually no sidelobe radiation. The result of this waveform modification is that the AN/PSI-7 is virtually undetectable by enemy ESM receivers, as the RF energy emitted is spread over a wide range of frequencies, hiding among the noise of benign signals that clutter the microwave region. A tertiary data channel screens hostile ECM measures.

AN/RSI-1 - Inverse Synthetic Aperture RADAR of the Lu-65 which processes the Doppler shift resulting from target motion as a means of improving RADAR resolution. Thanks to shared components with the AN/PSI-7, the AN/RSI-1 is highly compact, and adds less than 30 lbs to the aircraft's weight. By measuring the much larger Doppler shifts created by the Lu-65's own motion and the target's changes in attitudes, the AN/RSI-1 is able to extract the Doppler effects due to pitch, yaw, and roll of the different parts of the target aircraft, processing these to obtain a clear physical profile. This information is cross-referenced against a database of known aircraft types and presented to the pilot.

IECO-5 – Integrated electro-optical sensor system mounted beneath the forward fuselage. The package serves as a laser rangefinder to supplement the primary RADAR/IR sensors employed by the Lu-65 during close range engagements. The pod-mounted ytterbium-doped fiber optic laser assembly is slaved to the pilot’s fire control system, and increases onboard weapons accuracy by a significant factor. When not in use, the system is retracted to preserve stealth and aerodynamic characteristics.

ISTA - Imaging Infra-red passive sensor suite of the Lu-65, located on the port side of the fighter’s canopy. The ISTA package scans across red-scale wavelengths from 2.4-13 microns to enable all-aspect detection capabilities. The sensor is cooled via Freon gas, which allows for the system to interpret finer temperature gradients across longer distances. Estimated range for ISTA is quoted at 150 km in optimal conditions. All data gathered by the system is post-processed by the Sensor Management Suite to enhance resolution. The Lu-65’s onboard computers incorporate sufficient processing power to track up to 400 individual signatures, although this may be increased even further with the use of external aids such as airborne control aircraft.

ICNIA - Integrated Communication Navigation Identification Avionics suite, which combines the functions of current communications equipment, such as HF SSB (High Frequency-Single Side Band), VHF/UHF, SINCGARS, Have Quick, EJS, JTIDS, various navigational aids and transponder/interrogator facilities compatible with NATO-standard IFF systems. Based on common digital and RF processing modules built up from asynchronous logic circuits, the system allows for all these functions to be seamlessly built into just one package. It also takes up half the volume and weight of the aforementioned equipment. The Central Integrated Processors filter much of the information being passed to the pilot, presenting him with only data necessary for the phase for the mission currently being flown, to prevent information overload (optional manual override available).

The Vehicle Management Suite is responsible for &#$@pit controls and displays, flight and maneuver control, and engine/power control.

NACS Mk. III - Lu-65 is controlled by a centralized fly by light fiber optic system that takes both control input from the pilot and feedback from the various sensors and control surfaces around the airplane. Due to the critical role aircraft response times play in the air superiority mission, a FBL control scheme was chosen for the Lu-65. More importantly however, fly-by-light offers an attractive alternative to interference prone fly-by-wire systems. The popularity of EMI-based air defense weapons was not lost on TPMI/EC designers; thus, the NACS Mk. III is nearly immune to such errorneous behavior caused by outside sources. Additionally, the flight envelope characteristics of the Lu-65 are programmed into the system, which prevents the pilot from engaging in maneuvers which would induce a total loss of control. A manual override is available, though its use is not recommended. Should the aircraft depart its flight envelope for any reason, however, a failsafe switch in the &#$@pit may be engaged that will cause the NACS Mk. III to automatically return the aircraft to level flight. Finally, the system is adaptable to irregularities in instructions due to malfunction by reconfiguring itself and biasing the pilot’s controls to compensate. All motors utilized in the flight system are brushless, which improves efficiency, reliability, and reduces generated EMI levels. The electronic control modules for the motors are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation.

UCS – Utilities Control System, which manages and automates the various mechanical utilities found aboard the Lu-65 including primary and backup electrical systems, hydraulics (for aircraft control actuators, brakes, nose wheel steering, intakes, et al.), fuel stores and climate controls in the &#$@pit.

AEAD - Active Electronic Array Device, which is embedded in the outer skin. This functions as a core component of the Lu-65's avionics suite. It is comprised of embedded arrays of microscopic active transmitting elements, which are unified by the Vehicle Management Suite. Signals processing from the CIPs enable these integrated elements to act like the active elements of a phased array antenna. This permits the Lu-65 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter to sense and communicate in optical and other frequency bands, and in any direction from any aircraft attitude. Software developed by TPMI/EC enables all Lu-65's in flight to share target and system data via the AEAD interface, which allows pilots greater freedom for autonomous action. In addition, the distributed nature of the AEAD allows for unrivaled accuracy with regard to threat observation – the sensors may quickly identify the distance and bearing of hostile transmitter sites by coordinating information gathered by the Lu-65's RWR with the precise location that hostile RF signals impact the airframe.

[b][Canopy][/b]

The layout of the &#$@pit systems were of paramount concern to the design team. Intended to maximize situational awareness for the pilot, displays and flight symbology are fully automated by the Mark 3 Vehicle Management System, with processing power for sensor system integration drawn from one CIP specifically assigned to this purpose. Use of the InfiniBand high-speed bus interface allows for the high level of system bandwidth required for this application. The Lu-65 features a fully digital, all-glass &#$@pit that has eliminated the confusing switches and dials of previous &#$@pit designs - this improves the effectiveness of the pilot by allowing him to concentrate on his mission, rather than his equipment.

The centerpiece of the &#$@pit avionics is a wide angle, 6 in. tall Heads-Up-Display. It is reinforced with vulcanized rubber and has minimal framing to preserve pilot visibility over the aircraft's nose. The system is capable of rendering a full range of flight and mission-critical information. TPMI/EC control software automates the displays and makes available to the pilot vital information useful to the phase of a sortie being flown at a time. The operator of the Lu-65 may also queue up additional displays on the HUD or multifunction head-down displays through an intuitive touchscreen interface. All data outputs from the Mark 3 avionics subsystems are made available to the pilot through the &#$@pit's AMLCD screens. The integration of these traditionally disparate elements through the Mark 3 serves to greatly enhance a pilot's situational awareness and combat effectiveness. For example, the data extracted from the CDI-1 navigational system allows for an astonishingly accurate "God's-eye-view" of the terrain surrounding the Lu-65 at a point in time. Integration of CDI-1 with the Sensor Management Suite enables targeting symbology to be directly overlaid onto this map, thus providing a pilot with an unprecedented level of control over the battlespace.

There are limitations to the HUD/MFD combination however; it forces a pilot to look straight ahead in order to receive information about his aircraft and its surroundings, which leaves him vulnerable to attack at points all around him. As a result, the Lu-65 features a set of Helmet Mounted Displays in the pilot's flight helmet. The helmet itself is an advanced, self-contained unit comprising the HMD, night vision equipment, microphone and headphones, and oxygen mask. Thanks to advancements in engineering techniques pioneered by TPMI/EC, the system is 20% lighter than previous-generation helmets even with the addition of the integrated electronic equipment, and provides the same level of protection. The HMD projects critical information onto a semi-reflective transparent visor in front of the pilot, and shares the symbology library used in the the HUD and MFDs. Additionally, motion-tracking capabilities are built into the flight helmet with a full six-degrees of freedom. This is linked to the MMTE-10 component of the Mark 3 avionics package, and allows for a pilot to cue up a weapon and engage targets from very-high off-boresight angles.

During simulator studies of the Lu-65, TPMI/EC engineers found that pilots were unable to access their touchscreens during high-G manuevers. In order to rectify this issue, a direct voice input system was developed for the fighter. The DVI system incorporates advanced voice recognition techniques that enable it to respond to commands with a latency of only 80ms with an accuracy rate of over 99.7%. Additionally, it is able to interpret the pilot's voice even when distorted by the stresses of air combat manuevering or G-forces. The use of DVI enables a pilot to look down at his MFDs for a minimum of time, thereby improving his situational awareness through a significant reduction in pilot workload.

[b]Computerized Associate:[/b]

The Lu-65 includes a "computerized associate", essentially a primitive artificial intelligence that serves as a combination of copilot and backseater. Allegedly designated the Advanced Mission-supporting Intelligent Assistant or AMIA, the AI is believed to improve the situational awareness and survivability of the fighter through a number of autonomous functions. The pilot is, according to accounts from defectors, hooked up to health sensors which monitor blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing patterns, and electrical activity in the brain. Should the system determine that the pilot is incapacitated, due to red/blackout or other reasons, AMIA will automatically seize control and attempt to fly a safe, evasive route back to its pre-programmed base location. AMIA is also able to execute simple oral commands given by the pilot, such as display switching, stores management, or changing radio frequencies. Most interesting of all is AMIA's electronic warfare and countermeasures support functions, however. It is capable of intelligently analyzing strength, frequency, and location of hostile sensor sites through a data highway connection with the Sensor Management Suite. AMIA will render a display of these locations, estimate range of detection relative to the TF-70A+'s location, and advise navigational course for the pilot so as to evade detection. Also, AMIA is capable of limited assistance during offensive or defensive manuevering. For example, if the Missile Alert Warner systems detect a launch, AMIA will automatically cycle the NRV-27 RF jammer to the frequency band tracking the fighter and advise the pilot to activate said equipment. The flight envelope characteristics of the TF-70A+ are also programmed into AMIA's database allowing the AI to advise specific manuevers in response to a given situation.

[b][Stealth][/b]

Design studies conducted by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency indicated that any successor would require significant reductions in RADAR, IR, and electro-magnetic signatures to remain competitive in the air superiority mission. Air Service doctrine places its core emphasis on a pilot’s ability to achieve the first look and the first shot with regard to aerial combat – the DARPA investigation found that the best way to achieve this goal was to engineer the Lu-65 with low-observable characteristics that would enable the fighter to remain hidden from view until the pilot could engage his own missiles.

The unique shape and airframe design reflects this concern in a profound manner. The fighter has no vertical surfaces, and the angles incorporated on all horizontal leading and trailing edges are kept as different as possible, thereby dumping the reflected RF energy to the fighter’s port and starboard sectors. This results in large, but narrow RADAR signature spikes that are extremely difficult to track effectively. Lu-65 exhibits a high degree of wing/body blending, which provides desirable aerodynamic characteristics such as improved lift, while also reducing RCS by allowing electrical surface currents to flow over the surfaces without interruption.

The sharp wing sweep increases the amount by which RF energy is shifted away from the forward sector. However, the resulting configuration leads to the possibility of "traveling waves", RF energy flowing on the skin of an object, to be set up. These waves can re-radiate a great deal of RF energy if they meet discontinuities such as seams, gaps or changes in surface material. To attenuate the issue, the Lu-65's mission adaptive wing was used and all other discontinuities were either eliminated or sealed off with electrically conducting material. Ultimately, the traveling waves meet an unavoidable discontinuity, where the structure physically ends, but the amount of re-radiated RF energy is minimized by the extensive use of RF absorbers on the fighter’s skin. Other physical features have been redesigned so as to provide much less RF reflection, such as the S-curvature of the intake ducts.

The Lu-65 makes extensive use of an advanced RF absorbing material known as Schiff base salt. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat. This unique property is fully exploited in the fighter’s construction - a mixture of salts tuned to surveillance frequency bands most often employed by air to air RADAR systems (X, L, etc.) are dissolved in the fighter’s bismelmide resin skin and aerogel chambers. The SBS class of materials is additionally 90% lighter than previous-generation ferromagnetic absorbers, and extremely inexpensive to fabricate.

Supplementing the SBS in reducing RCS is an epoxyide applied to the airframe that reduces RADAR return through the use of non-organic microparticle absorbers embedded in the resin binder. Production of the material begins by coating 5-75 micron alumina spheres with a thin layer of silver and exposing the particles to selenium vapor at high temperature. The selenium reacts with the silver coating, which forms a film of silver selenide over the alumina sphere. This is loaded into the epoxyide matrix on a weight ratio of 1:1, which serves to enhance structural strength. Comprehensive studies into the absorptive qualities of the epoxyide appliqué indicate phenomenal performance – the silver selenide coated microparticles were found to reduce RCS by an astounding 20-25 decibels across the radio frequency range of 5-20 GHz. Also, the appliqué material shields the RADAR-transparent skin from being illuminated by hostile transmitters.

The exact RCS of the Lu-65 is classified; however, released data indicates a reduction of at least a full order of magnitude as compared to the F-22 Raptor in most aspects.

In order to reduce electro-magnetic signature, the avionics bays built into the Lu-65a re treated with Electric Wave Absorbing Material, developed by TPMI/EC. EWAM is a six-layer, non-woven cloth comprised of stainless steel and polyethyl fibers. The material is applied to the inner walls of the electronics housing in the Eagle, and serves to eliminate electro-magnetic leakage from the on-board equipment. Under laboratory conditions, EWAM absorbs 99% of all emitted EM radiation, and serves to reduce the vulnerability of the Lu-65 to passive electromagnetic sensor detection.

[b][Powerplant][/b]

The /MRF-09's AFE-118 engines are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation. The AFE-118 is an advanced variable bypass turbofan capable of supercruise without the use of an afterburner. At its maximum output at 15,000 meters, it delivers 206.8 kilonewtons of thrust per engine, for a total of 413.6 kilonewtons of thrust. This is enough to propel the Lu-65 to a maximum speed of Mach 2.9 in the Airforce configuration and Mach 3.6 in the Naval configuration. The reason for this discrepancy in speed is because the Airforce version of the AFE-118 has narrower intakes with a more deeply curved inlets, which results in a lower radar cross section as there less of a chance that radar can detect the plane's spinning fans. The Naval version of the AFE-118 has wider, larger intakes with a more gradual curve in the inlet that allows for better, more efficient airflow to the engine, thus increasing both its efficiency and performance. The cost is that the Naval version has a slightly increased RCS vs. the Airforce version. Both versions of the engine have their moving parts, such as the fan and integrally bladed compressor rings forged from single crystal titanium/cobalt metal matrices glazed with a thin layer of silicon carbide DCP cermets which acts as a thermal barrier coating. The same silicon carbide DCP cermets line the engine housing and exhaust vents as well, in order to prevent excess heat from being absorbed by the airframe itself. The intakes themselves have a flexible, mission adaptive lining that can self-adjust in order to modify the engine's bypass ratio, thus allowing for the engine to achieve maximum performance at all speeds and altitudes. The engine utilizes a counterflow thrust vectoring unit that allows for true 3d thrust vectoring without nozzles. The counterflow unit allows for thrust to be directed up to 25 degrees in any direction. The exhaust units are smokeless and do not leave any contrails.

In terms of maintenance, the engine can be accessed from either the top or bottom for easy removal. Like the F-119 used in the F-22 Raptor, the engine can be broken down into 6 modular parts and any of the modules easily replaceable. Also, the diagnostic software built into the plane's engine simplifies identification of malfunctions and other problems.

[b][Armament][/b]

Main Bay

Primary armament for the Lu-65 is carried internally in order to reduce RCS and improve aerodynamic performance. The Lu-65 utilizes Reich Aerospace's SADS-M weapon system in order to allow for the aircraft to fire its payload stealthily. Drawing on experience from the Advanced Reduced Signature Aircraft Ordinance Delivery System that was fielded before . SADS-M is a modular system based on the highly successful design. Like SADS, it launches its ordinance rather unconventionally: the weapon system utilizes an semi-maneuverable undercarriage that is lowered out from beneath the aircraft while firing. The system is designed to allow for the aircraft to maintain a high degree of stealth while launching ordinance. Rather than using a conventional bay that, when open, presents enemy RADAR operators with a signature, the undercarriage system lowers slightly from within its own bay (just small enough to accommodate the undercarriage), and can launch up to five medium range air-to-air missiles from five separate launch tubes.

Missile launches are aided via electro-magnetic coils and a high powered jet of compressed air, propelling the missiles out of the tubes, allowing for their engines to start a good distance from the aircraft. This means that the aircraft can remain better hidden, even when launching missiles. This also allows for ordinance to be launched during supersonic flight.

The primary difference between ARSADS and ARSADS-M comes in the principle of modularity.

Unlike ARSADS, the undercarriage system of ARSADS-M is designed to be quickly and easily removed by ground crews, allowing for each undercarriage to be easily swapped out. This adds a great amount of flexibility to the Lu-65, allowing for undercarriage systems designed to accommodate different types of air-to-air and air-to-ground munitions (for example, an ARSADS-M undercarriage may be equipped to fire sixteen short range air-to-air missiles, or one equipped to launch a pair of 2000lb laser guided bombs; the possibilities are endless) to be utilized by the aircraft. Generally, the operation of ARSADS-M is as follows: upon returning from a sortie, the undercarriage of the Lu-65 would be removed by the ground crew and replaced with a freshly loaded undercarriage configured to carry whichever type of ordnance is required for the mission. The spent undercarriage would then be reloaded with whichever type of missile it is designed to accommodate and reused, replacing an empty undercarriage on returning fighters.

Side Bay(s)

Secondary armament consists of two short-range air to air missiles carried in a pair of scaled down ARSADS-M launch carriages located to the sides of the intakes. Data from the ISTA infrared imaging suite is fed directly to the missiles for initial guidance, which allows for stealthier launch - instead of requiring their seekers to acquire the target in the slipstream, the weapons may be ejected as soon as the doors open.

[b]Cannon[/b]

The Lu-65 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter makes use of the ACAG-331, a twin barreled 25x200mm Gast gun.

Operation: Essentially, the recoil from the discharge of one of the barrels will chamber another round in the other barrel. The gun is fed from two 150 round linkless belts. The gun can adjust its direction of feed by switching the belt pawls and reversing the bolt switch, allowing for cannons on different aircraft to be easily switched out. If one of the barrels fails, the other one can operate as a standard linear operated cannon, although at a far reduced firing rate.

Ammunition: The gun fires high velocity combustible case telescoping ammunition of various types. A unique type of ammunition fired by the gun is the armor piercing combustible sabot ammunition. The sabots are designed to disintegrate after leaving the muzzle, which ensures that they are not ejected into the Lu-65's intakes.

Barrels: The barrels are stellite lined with a bore evacuator in the middle to prevent fouling from being deposited in the barrel. Each barrel liner has a life of ~4,000 rounds. The end of each barrel is fitted with a recoil booster, in order to increase the rate of fire and somewhat reduce firing signature. Also, the barrels are ridged so as to disperse heat more efficiently.

Fire Control: The ACAG-331 is coordinated by the MMTE-10 electronics component, which integrates data from the inertial navigation system and Sensor Management Suite subsystems to automatically track and engage targets with superb precision. An override for manual targeting is also available in case of malfunction or pilot preference.

ACAG-331 Specifications:
Type: Twin Barreled Automatic Cannon
Ammunition: 25x200mm alternating HV/CTA HE
Operation: Gast principle.
Length: 3m
Barrel Length: 2.3m
System Weight: 86 kg.
V0 (HE): 1,400 m/s
V0 (AP): 1,670 m/s
V0 (APCS): 2,100 m/s
Round Weight (HE): 650 grams
Round Weight (AP): 605 grams
Round Weight (APCS): 580 grams
Effective Range: 3.5-4 km
Maximum Range: 8-9 km
RPM: 3600 rounds per minute, 1800 rounds per minute per barrel.

[img]http://img688.imageshack.us/img688/4663/lu667.png[/img]
[b]Lu-67 Advanced Tactical Fighter[/b]

[Specifications]

Type: Multi-role Fighter Aircraft

Contractor(s): Imperial Aerospace Corporation, GEM Aerospace

Personnel: 1 (Pilot)
Length: 16.2m
Wingspan: 12.2m
Height: 4.2m

Empty Weight: 10,200 kg
Loaded Weight: 16,800 kg
MTOW: 23,820 kg

Speed:
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.8
Max Supercruise: Mach 1.4
Max Speed: ~Mach 2.3
G Limits: +10.5/-4 G

Wing Configuration: Trapezoidal diamond in combination with ruddervators canted at 45 degrees, forward horizontal canards + one downward-pointing vertical canard beneath the forward fuselage. Airfoils are supercritical and mission-adaptive.

Ranges:
Ferry Range: 3,550 km
Combat Radius: 1,210 km

Service Ceiling: 19,820 m

Engines: 2x Imperial Aerospace D/VPCBT-2A Variable Post Compression Bypass Turbofan, providing 108kN thrust ea.

Cannon: D/ACU.230A 23x135mm CTA Gast Gun

Payload: 6,800kg max

[Airframe]

The Advanced Tactical Fighter’s construction and aerodynamic design is an evolution of the Lu-65, much like the overall development program. Requirements surveys conducted for Project essentially called for the preservation of the basic concepts behind the predecessor design – that of stealth and agility – and accentuating these characteristics through the introduction of newer materials processing and fabrication technologies. Although superficially similar to the older aircraft, the Lu-67 represents a dramatic increase in mission capability with its incorporation of the latest advancements in aeronautical science. However, Lu-67 remains loyal to the original objectives of Lu-67 – a smaller, compact fighter designed to “rely on pure stealth and maneuverability to allow for it to sneak up on enemy formations and deliver difficult-to-evade close range ordinance.” The unparalleled flight performance of the Lu-67 is a direct result of this design philosophy.

The differences in aerodynamic layout between both fighters are subtle, but contribute to a marked superiority of the former aircraft as regards aircraft agility. Like most modern fighter aircraft, the Lu-67 is designed with negative static stability to promote pilot responsiveness. The main lifting surfaces – the wings – are of the same diamond wing configuration as the Lu-65, which imparts excellent structural characteristics. This shape concentrates the load force onto the strongest point of the airframe, where fuselage meets wing. The wing design also exhibits very little drag at transonic and supersonic speeds as it adheres to the Whitcomb area rule closely, with the widest point of the fighter aligned directly with the midsection. A supercritical airfoil is mated to this wing which provides significantly improved transonic performance, higher lift, and superior overall aerodynamic characteristics. The diamond wing exhibits a very high degree of blending with the fuselage, which allows for increased usable lift and an extended range as the larger wing volume may accommodate more fuel for the aircraft’s powerplant. This extra wing area also contributes to the aircraft’s agility by reducing wing-loading, although pilots of experimental versions frequently complained of poor low-altitude performance due to airflow buffeting. The problem was largely solved with the introduction of Direct Force Control capability in the fighter’s control systems. DFC allows for the digital electronic control system to adjust the motion of the fighter without having to change the attitude of its fuselage, greatly enhancing performance in air combat maneuvering. The primary enabler of DFC in the Advanced Tactical Fighter is a forward vertical canard, mounted beneath the fuselage. This surface extends during low-speed flight, and affords the ACI-74 pilot superior agility in the horizontal attitude to virtually every other fighter available on the export market. The canard plane acts somewhat similar to a rudder as it slews left and right for sideslip control though the effect is magnified due to its position. As an example of this functionality, a pilot may keep his nose perfectly on target when following a bogey through high-G manuevers at all times. This canard retracts to lie flat against the Lu-67's airframe at high speeds to reduce drag. Two other conventional canard foreplanes are located near the nose of the fighter to reduce the impact of stall and spin by stabilizing airflow over the main wings and delaying airflow separation. These canards have a 15 degree anhedral to reduce aerodynamic stability.

Traditionally, fighter aircraft have been limited to maneuver at angles of attack below 25 degrees due to the danger of airflow separation from the wing. In the design of the Advanced Tactical Fighter, however, these limitations have been completely overcome with the implementation of mission-adaptive control surfaces combined with orthodox techniques such as vortex generation and vectored thrust. The adaptive wings of the Lu-67 Advanced Tactical Fighter have no conventional ailerons, flaps, slats, or spoilers but rather utilize aeroelastic leading and trailing edges able to bend into a required position without leaving gaps. These are able to move from four degrees up to twenty five degrees down as enabled by its variable wing camber mechanism. Because the airfoil is able to adjust to a shifting flow, the Lu-67 is the world's first production fighter capable of exploiting the phenomenon of "dynamic lift overshoot" at all airspeeds. The airfoil oscillates as the fighter's angle of attack increases which forces the airflow to stick to the wing and enables maneuvers previously unheard of. The wingtips are also aeroelastic to enhance roll rate, albeit this comes at the expense of optional wingtip hardpoints. Other physical features of the fighter supplement the adaptive airfoil in reducing wing stall. The fuselage chine and canards generate air vortices much like leading edge extensions on the F/A-18. At high angles of attack, the boundary layer flow becomes sluggish, which creates the danger of envelope departure and hence loss of control - the vortices serve to re-energize the flow and keep it moving over the wing surfaces, improving directional stability and lift. The sum of these varied efforts culminates in the Lu-67 Advanced Tactical Fighter's remarkable "supermaneuverability", officially defined as the capability of full sideslip control at angles of attack exceeding maximum lift. Post-stall maneuvers have been tested and executed in production models at up to 70 degree angles of attack without stall. A pilot may snap his fighter 60 degrees off boresight in a split-second by manipulating the revolutionary control systems introduced. In sum, the pilot of the Lu-67 Advanced Tactical Fighter will have a decisive advantage in the modern close-range dogfight because of the extreme performance gap between his aircraft and those of his potential enemies.

The aerodynamic stresses of the Lu-67s flight envelope demands an airframe able to sustain such challenges. However, TPMI/EC learned firsthand the penalties of seeking pure performance from the TF-70 project, which led to the development of a different set of priorities for the airframe. The morale and logistical problems created by an extremely maintenance-intensive aircraft like the TF-70 soon became a massive headache for the TFAS's service personnel (cults dedicated to the worship of ancient and malevolent deities from beyond the cosmos have found great popularity among disillusioned mechanical crews, who have lost faith in a benevolent god). Like its predecessor design, the Lu-67 is a fully-modern, monocoque fighter aircraft. The frames and longerons of the fuselage are manufactured from high-strength 7475 zinc-aluminum alloy in order to reduce costs and weight as compared to titanium alloys. These components are superplastic-forming, which promotes fracture toughness and thermal creep resistance, and electron-beam welded to improve structural stability. The extensive use of electron-beam welding in the airframe also reduces airframe weight as this allows for the use of heavy fasteners to be kept at a minimum. Bulkheads and the superstructure as a whole feature resin transfer molded composites (primarily graphite-epoxy with polybenzothiazole in areas of higher thermal stress) of a high-strength/weight ratio, greatly easing fabrication processes. The wing structure, however, makes fewer compromises - the load-bearing spars are formed from Ti-1100, a very strong near-alpha titanium-aluminum alloy. The longerons are, however, 7475 zinc-aluminum as additional structural strength is unnecessary for these components. The fittings of the wings are hot isostatic pressing cast Ti-1100. The load-bearing skin of the aircraft is comprised of composites and titanium alloys near the front of the aircraft, with aluminum-lithium towards the empennage, and electron-beam welded to the longerons. Skin surface panels are formed from titanium on the leading edges of the aircraft and carbon-fiber reinforced para-polybenzothiazole resin. Use of these composites in place of a standard metal skin reduces machining costs and weight. The canards and ruddervators are the most expensive component of the airframe, as they are manufactured from Ti-1100 metal matrix composite, reinforced by monofilament silicon carbide. The aft fuselage features a very high amount of titanium due to the high thermal stress from the ACI-74's powerplant, although this is reduced somewhat by the use of carbon-carbon foam in a cavity surrounding the nacelles.

[b][Avionics][/b]

The considerations of the electronics development were borne from hard lessons learned from previous TPMI/EC development programs, and the intended mission goals of the aircraft. Budgetary analysis by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency indicated that in order to replace the older Chimera's on a 1:1 basis, the fly-off price could not exceed one hundred and twenty million dollars per unit. As avionics and associated flight systems constitute a majority of modern aircraft costs, TPMI/EC economized wherever possible without sacrificing the key capabilities necessary to combat operations. The wide variety of roles that the Lu-67 will be called to fill, from ground-attack to maritime strike to fighter sweep, requires an electronics package just as versatile as the basic airframe. Lu-67 is the first German aircraft to features extensive use of Commercial Off-The-Shelf components, as previous experiences with all in-house design led to extremely maintenance intensive systems with little if any practical value. All individual electronic elements are unified under the Mark 3b Integrated Modular Architecture centralized processing network, to maximize pilot SA (situational awareness) and improve mission readiness rates of the fighter. A derivative of the more advanced Mark 3 IMA implemented in the Lu-65, the Mark 3b coordinates and controls mission-sensitive information on a tightly integrated software and hardware platform. Mark 3b relies on common processing modules and protocols between systems to reduce avionics costs and weight. Communications between individual elements are conducted over a rugged 2GB/s fiber optic backbone, which provides sufficient bandwidth while maximizing reliability. In addition, the use of this non-proprietary point-to-point bus allows for integration of foreign avionics into the Mark 3b to be simplified. The heart of the Mark 3b is the Central Integrated Processor [CIP], a computer hosting every individual element of the mission systems software. Two CIPs are found in avionics racks located to the front of the aircraft, with one operating as a backup. The CIP consolidates functions previously managed by separate mission and weapons computers, and dedicated signal processors to achieve maximum electronics integration. Twenty two processing modules handling general purpose, signals processing, image processing, switching, and power management operations are installed in the baseline. The CIP was designed with "pluggable growth" in mind, and eight additional slots for processing modules hosted on a card interface are available for expansion. This will enable the Lu-67 to remain operationally effective even as newer aircraft types are introduced by foreign competitors, reducing long-term costs by a considerable margin.

As a whole, the Mark 3b Integrated Modular Avionics package is comprised of three main subsystems dedicated to mission management, sensor management, and vehicle management. All elements of the Mark 3b are modularly installed. Cooling for the entire suite is provided via a PAO (polyalphaolefin) liquid solution. The Mark 3b also includes fully functional diagnostic software which enables support personnel to quickly identify and solve problems with the ACI-74's electronics systems.

The Mission Management Suite subsystem of the Mark 3b is composed of the terrain/navigation suite, fire-control, munitions management and Electronic Warfare equipment. CIP resources are allocated to each function as necessary.

Navigation is provided by the CDI-1 system. Where previous avionics systems treated the myriad location-determining sensors of an aircraft as a discrete source of information, CDI-1 manages the data gathered by each individual system and presents it to the pilot in a coherent way. CDI-1 includes two primary sources of navigational information – an Inertial Reference System and a Terrain Reference System calibrated against each other to provide for unmatched accuracy in location.The Terrain Reference System relies on careful measurement of the terrain profile passing beneath the aircraft with a RADAR altimeter and comparison with digitally-stored geographic data. The primary advantage to using a TR system is that a standard TF (terrain-following) navigation scheme will alert enemy Electronic Surveillance Measures far sooner, due to the RADAR beam's direction. On the other hand, a TRN altimeter has an extremely narrow beam width whose energy is directed downwards, rendering virtually all ESM measures impotent. The Inertial Reference System component is comprised of two ring laser gyroscopes and an accelerometer located in the forward fuselage, coupled with GPS uplinks compatible with most standard satellite interfaces. Only one of the gyroscopes is necessary for normal operation; data from the second is fed to the Lu-65's fire control systems to automatically adjust gun position for drift.

Fire control is governed by the Stores Management System, which monitors all phases of weapons release. Data from the Sensor Management Suite is linked to this component, which constantly updates the pilot’s interface on target disposition and type. It draws on CIP resources to rapidly calculate suitable firing solutions. The Stores Management System also functions to inform the pilot of the condition of payload, control weapons launch sequences, as well as door controls and emergency weapons jettison.

The Lu-67 features an all-new Integrated Electronic Warfare System, comprised of various subsystems installed in modular apertures around the aircraft. In practical terms, the system determines the location and nature of all potential threats, thereby warning aircrew when they are being tracked, targeted, or engaged. A superheterodyne RADAR Warning Receiver provides all-aspect radar warning capability, supporting analysis, identification, tracking, mode determination and angle of arrival (AOA) of mainbeam emissions, plus automatic direction finding for correlation with other sensors, threat avoidance and targeting information. The radar warning system is active all of the time, providing both air and surface coverage. It also provides defensive threat awareness and offensive targeting support–acquisition and tracking of main beam and side lobe emissions, beyond-visual-range emitter location and ranging, emitter ID and signal parameter measurement. Packaged in two electronics racks, it includes cards for radar warning, direction finding and ESM. The antennas for the RADAR Warning Receivers are embedded in the external skin. Laser Warning Receivers are also present, which detects laser radiation and determines its bearing. In order to quickly track missile launches the Integrated Electronic Warfare System incorporates a set of Missile Warning Receivers, with their antennas built into the ruddervators. To increase the effectiveness of the system the MAW is also directly linked to the countermeasures systems allowing an instantaneous response to a local launch. The MAWs include a set of Rayleigh scattering processing modules, which serves to greatly improve resolution and accuracy regarding threat disposition.

Active countermeasures equipment is also installed in the Advanced Tactical Fighter, and their effectiveness is supported by highly sensitive passive receivers. The Imperial Aerospace Corporation-made Electronic Defense Automatic Response System (EDARS) provides a full spectrum of automated countermeasures to defeat tracking systems in contemporary use. The key component of EDARS is the D/EJS-3A Electronic Countermeasures Suite. This system is an active RADAR jammer, designed to be used in circumstances when stealth is not nessessary (i.e., when a missile already has a lock). TPMI/EC software upgrades have enabled the D/EJS-3A to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming including standard barrage or noise modes. In the DRFM mode, the ACI-74 manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the jammer may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the Doppler shift of the transmitted signal. An XC-100 countermeasures dispenser is internally mounted, which is programmed to deploy multi-spectral chaff and flares only in the direction of a threat as determined by the passive sensors. The flares are treated with chemical additives that spoof the IR sensors of most IR guided missiles. Additionally, data from the radar warning equipment is linked to the chaff cutting mechanism – the XC-100 is sophisticated enough to interpret the RWR’s information and cut the aluminum strips to increase reflectivity to the RF band being deceived.

The Sensor Management Suite subsystem of the Mark 3 package combines the Lu-65's RADAR, IRST, integrated signal processing, encrypted data, communications, and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System interface, allocating CIP processor power to the sensor subsystems as required by the mission. With the advanced, centralized architecture employed by the Mark 3b IMA, the SMS implements sensor fusion for the pilot to enhance situational awareness and reduce pilot workload. By automating the task of interpreting sensor data, the Lu-67 removes the possibility of conflicting data gathered by the various sensors and eliminates the need for manual cross-referencing.

The primary detection tool of the pilot is a DPARS-92 Active Electronically Scanned Array RADAR, housed in the nose of the fighter. Designed to reduce weight, cost, and reliability issues as compared to the older AN/PSI-7 system, the DPARS-92 is installed as a planar tile-array in nose-mounted radome. The DPARS-92's transmitter and receiver functions are composed of 4,000 individual transmit/receive (T/R) modules that each scan a small fixed area, negating the need for a moving antenna, which further decreases ESM detection probabilities as well as aircraft volume issues. DPARS-92 relies on "quad-pack" transmit-receive modules, developed originally by Livermore Electric (a subcontractor of GEM Aerospace, which TPMI/EC contacted as a partner in the fighter program). These dies consolidate four arrays (each consisting of four MMIC chips - a drive amplifier, digital phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier, and a RF power amplifier) onto one chip, which greatly reduces weight, volume, and materials costs. The chips are manufactured on gallium-arsenide wafers due to the higher electron mobility and reduced noise GaAs affords than conventional silicon. To protect the antenna from detection by hostile ESM systems, it is mounted in a bandpass radome, transparent only to the band of frequencies utilized by the radar. When it is not in use, suitable electrical impulses turn the bandpass characteristic off, making it totally opaque. The RADAR's elimination of hydraulics for antenna movements and distribution of transmission functions into the T/R modules alleviates logistical concerns. The DPARS-92 is a Low Probability of Interception [LPI] system, meaning that the waveforms of the RADAR have a much longer pulse and lower amplitude, as well as a narrower beam and virtually no sidelobe radiation. The result of this waveform modification is that the transmitted signals are virtually undetectable by enemy ESM receivers, as the RF energy emitted is spread over a wide range of frequencies, hiding among the noise of benign signals that clutter the microwave region. A tertiary data channel screens hostile ECM measures. In air-to-surface operations the radar will support functions such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ground mapping.

An AN/RSI-1 Inverse Synthetic Aperture RADAR processes the Doppler shift resulting from target motion as a means of improving RADAR resolution. Thanks to shared components with the AN/PSI-7, the AN/RSI-1 is highly compact, and adds less than 30 lbs to the aircraft's weight. By measuring the much larger Doppler shifts created by the Lu-67's own motion and the target's changes in attitudes, the AN/RSI-1 is able to extract the Doppler effects due to pitch, yaw, and roll of the different parts of the target aircraft, processing these to obtain a clear physical profile. This information is cross-referenced against a database of known aircraft types and presented to the pilot.

Passive detection equipment will see frequent use during Lu-67 operations (as these betray no warning of the fighter's approach). The aircraft includes an Integrated Electro-optical Sensor System, providing high-resolution imagery, automatic tracking, infrared-search-and-track capability, and laser designation and rangefinding. The IESS utilizes a fixed imaging infrared-array to reduce maintenance costs, and is mounted internally behind a bandpass window to reduce drag and aircraft RCS. The assembly is also shared by an optical laser system, and is housed in the forward fuselage with a 140 degree field of view. The DIRST-6G infrared search and tracking system from the Lu-67 provides additional detection options . This system is comprised of several infrared scanners which passively scan the surrounding air for heat signatures, picking out differing infrared levels and mapping them out for the central processor, which in turn interpretes the data, picking out aircraft and displaying them for the pilot via the Mission Management Suite. Each individual sensor scans across red-scale wavelengths from 2.4-13 microns to enable all-aspect detection capabilities. The sensor is cryogenically cooled via Freon gas, which allows for the system to interpret finer temperature gradients across longer distances. Estimated range for each sensor is quoted at approximately 100km under optimal conditions. All data gathered by the system is post-processed by the Sensor Management Suite to enhance resolution.

The Mark 3b includes a comprehensive Integrated Communication Navigation Identification Avionics suite, which combines the functions of current communications equipment, such as HF SSB (High Frequency-Single Side Band), VHF/UHF, SINCGARS, Have Quick, EJS, JTIDS, various navigational aids and transponder/interrogator facilities compatible with NATO-standard IFF systems. Based on common digital and RF processing modules , the system allows for all these functions to be seamlessly built into just one package. It also takes up half the volume and weight of the aforementioned equipment. The ICNIA provides functions such as beyond-visual-range identification friend-or-foe; secure, multichannel, multiband voice communications; and intraflight data link exchanges, synchronizing the displays of multiple aircraft. The Central Integrated Processors filter much of the information being passed to the pilot, presenting him with only data necessary for the phase for the mission currently being flown, to prevent information overload.

The Vehicle Management Suite is responsible for &#$@pit controls and displays, flight and maneuver control, and engine/power control. It is independent of the CIP, with separate processing provided by three Vehicle Management Computers. Each computer contains a processor card, I/O card and power supply card. All three VMCs process data simultaneously, calibrating results across each other to assure data integrity. In the case of divergent data, two processors can discard the output of the other processor. Interfacing to the VMCs are remote I/O computers installed across the aircraft, which receive flight control and other inputs from hundreds of digital, analog and discrete sensors. These provide data to the VMCs via the fiber optic network control. The VMCs also govern a Utilities Control System, which manages and automates the various mechanical utilities found aboard the fighter. Examples of these include primary and backup electrical systems, hydraulics (for aircraft control actuators, brakes, nose wheel steering, intakes, et al.), fuel stores and climate controls in the &#$@pit.

The Lu-67 is controlled by a centralized fly by light fiber optic system that takes both control input from the pilot and feedback from the various sensors and control surfaces around the airplane. Due to the critical role aircraft response times play in tactical aviation, a FBL control scheme was chosen for the ACI-74 Aquila-II. More importantly however, fly-by-light offers an attractive alternative to interference prone fly-by-wire systems. The popularity of EMI-based air defense weapons was not lost on TPMI/EC designers; thus, the control system is nearly immune to such errorneous behavior caused by outside sources. Additionally, the flight envelope characteristics of the aircraft are programmed into the system, which prevents the pilot from engaging in maneuvers which would induce a total loss of control. A manual override is available, in case of deep stall (which remains a theoretical possibility although no instances have yet occurred). Should the aircraft depart its flight envelope for any reason, however, a failsafe switch in the &#$@pit may be engaged that will cause the Vehicle Management Suite to automatically return the aircraft to level flight. Finally, the system is adaptable to irregularities in instructions due to malfunction by reconfiguring itself and biasing the pilot’s controls to compensate. All motors utilized in the transmission are brushless, which improves efficiency, reliability, and reduces generated EMI levels.

Computerized Associate:

The Lu-65 includes a "computerized associate", essentially a primitive artificial intelligence that serves as a combination of copilot and backseater. Allegedly designated the Advanced Mission-supporting Intelligent Assistant or AMIA, the AI is believed to improve the situational awareness and survivability of the fighter through a number of autonomous functions. The pilot is, according to accounts from defectors, hooked up to health sensors which monitor blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing patterns, and electrical activity in the brain. Should the system determine that the pilot is incapacitated, due to red/blackout or other reasons, AMIA will automatically seize control and attempt to fly a safe, evasive route back to its pre-programmed base location. AMIA is also able to execute simple oral commands given by the pilot, such as display switching, stores management, or changing radio frequencies. Most interesting of all is AMIA's electronic warfare and countermeasures support functions, however. It is capable of intelligently analyzing strength, frequency, and location of hostile sensor sites through a data highway connection with the Sensor Management Suite. AMIA will render a display of these locations, estimate range of detection relative to the fighter's location, and advise navigational course for the pilot so as to evade detection. Also, AMIA is capable of limited assistance during offensive or defensive manuevering. For example, if the Missile Alert Warner systems detect a launch, AMIA will automatically cycle the NRV-27 RF jammer to the frequency band tracking the fighter and advise the pilot to activate said equipment. The flight envelope characteristics of the TF-70A+ are also programmed into AMIA's database allowing the AI to advise specific manuevers in response to a given situation.

[b][Stealth][/b]

The tradition of the Lu-65's stealth attributes have been preserved and even enhanced in the design of its successor aircraft. In keeping with the objective of "first shot, first kill", the Lu-67 is engineered to be even more difficult to detect than the already elusive Lu-65. The airframe layout was designed with computational RCS modeling techniques, to achieve "spike alignment" of reflected RF waves. The angles incorporated on all horizontal leading and trailing edges are kept as different as possible, thereby dumping the reflected RF energy to the fighter’s port and starboard sectors. This results in large, but narrow RADAR signature spikes that are extremely difficult to track effectively. The fighter exhibits a high degree of wing/body blending, which provides desirable aerodynamic characteristics such as improved lift, while also reducing RCS by allowing electrical surface currents to flow over the surfaces without interruption. The lack of discontinuities in the mission-adaptive wings prevents traveling waves from re-radiating too strongly (as they must pass along the surface with embedded RAM elements). Some composite panels in the aircraft's construction are RADAR Absorbent Structures (honeycombed Kevlar sections bonded to carbon-fiber skins), which are intended to absorb microwaves in higher-frequency regions. The primary RADAR Absorbent Material utilized in the Lu-67 are Schiff base salts. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat. This unique property is fully exploited in the fighter’s construction - a mixture of salts tuned to surveillance frequency bands most often employed by air to air RADAR systems (X, L, etc.) are dissolved in a binder chemical and used to treat the external resin panels. The SBS class of materials is additionally 90% lighter than previous-generation ferromagnetic absorbers, and extremely inexpensive to fabricate. Most importantly, Schiff base salts are durable enough to withstand maritime conditions without degrading RF absorptive qualities. Areas of higher reflectivity on the basic airframe have circuit analogue RAM applied. These are thin sheets of copper wire, arranged in complex geometries to scatter and diffuse RADAR signals. The leading edges of the ruddervators have embedded arrays of titanium-aluminum triangles that perform the same function, trapping RF energy inside like an echo chamber.

Exact RCS of the Lu-67 Advanced Tactical Fighter is comparable to the larger Lu-65, although this varies somewhat based on aspect of view.

In order to reduce electro-magnetic signature, the avionics bays built into the Lu-67 are treated with Electric Wave Absorbing Material, developed by TPMI/EC. EWAM is a six-layer, non-woven cloth comprised of stainless steel and polyethyl fibers. The material is applied to the inner walls of the electronics housing in the fighter, and serves to eliminate electro-magnetic leakage from the on-board equipment. Under laboratory conditions, EWAM absorbs 99% of all emitted EM radiation, and reduces passive electromagnetic sensor detection vulnerability.

Infrared signature was addressed in a number of ways by TPMI/EC. The most prominent are the scalloped, flat nozzles located aft of the fighter. Although some horizontal attitude control is sacrificed, the use of these nozzles in place of the circular 3D nozzles found in Lu-67 is alleged to decrease infrared signature by an enormous factor as the exhaust plume forms a flat "beavertail" of wide lateral area that cools much faster than the high-intensity stream formed by round nozzles. These also contribute to aircraft agility by providing vectored thrust in the pitch axis over a range of 25 degrees up and down. Infrared signature is further suppressed with the use of extremely expensive carbon-carbon foam injected into cavities surrounding the engine nacelles. This material is exhibits superb thermal absorption qualities, and also contributes to RCS reduction by weakening RF return. Inorganic microparticles with absorptive qualities in the IR spectrum are also used on the empennage surface panels.

[Armament]

The main weapons loadout for the Lu-76 is carried internally in order to reduce RCS and improve aerodynamic performance. Four optional underwing hardpoints are available on the Lu-67 for additional ordinance, if so desired. Use of these is generally not recommended due to mechanical stress on the delicate wing-warping mechanisms - each hardpoint is rated to carry only up to 115kg. Overloading the wings will cause the airfoil controls to fail, and may potentially tear the lifting surfaces off completely. The fighter utilizes Imperial Aerospace's ARSADS-M weapon system in order to allow for the aircraft to fire its payload stealthily. Drawing on experience from the Advanced Reduced Signature Aircraft Ordinance Delivery System that was fielded on the Lu-65, ARSADS-M is a modular system based on the highly successful design. Like ARSADS, it launches its ordinance rather unconventionally: the weapon system utilizes an semi-maneuverable undercarriage that is lowered out from beneath the aircraft while firing. The system is designed to allow for the aircraft to maintain a high degree of stealth while launching ordinance. Rather than using a conventional bay that, when open, presents enemy RADAR operators with a signature, the undercarriage system lowers slightly from within its own bay (just small enough to accommodate the undercarriage), and can launch up to five medium range air-to-air missiles from five separate launch tubes.

Missile launches are aided via electro-magnetic coils and a high powered jet of compressed air, propelling the missiles out of the tubes, allowing for their engines to start a good distance from the aircraft. This means that the aircraft can remain better hidden, even when launching missiles. This also allows for ordinance to be launched during supersonic flight. The primary difference between ARSADS and ARSADS-M comes in the principle of modularity. Unlike ARSADS, the undercarriage system of ARSADS-M is designed to be quickly and easily removed by ground crews, allowing for each undercarriage to be easily swapped out. This adds a great amount of flexibility to the fighter, allowing for undercarriage systems designed to accommodate different types of air-to-air and air-to-ground munitions (for example, an ARSADS-M undercarriage may be equipped to fire sixteen short range air-to-air missiles, or one equipped to launch a pair of 2000lb laser guided bombs; the possibilities are endless) to be utilized by the aircraft. Generally, the operation of ARSADS-M is as follows: upon returning from a sortie, the undercarriage of the fighterwould be removed by the ground crew and replaced with a freshly loaded undercarriage configured to carry whichever type of ordnance is required for the mission. The spent undercarriage would then be reloaded with whichever type of missile it is designed to accommodate and reused, replacing an empty undercarriage on returning fighters.

[b]AS-23 Long Range Cruise Missile[/b]

Length: 14.2m including booster
Diameter: 1.3m
Weight: 12,100kg
Guidance: Inertial with GPS, imaging IR and LADAR at terminal
Propulsion: Pulse detonation, with rocket booster
Speed: Mach 4.5 cruise; Mach 5.4 at terminal;
Range: 4600km air launch, 3800km sea launch
Altitude: 85,000ft altitude
Warhead: 1600kg HE or 600kg penetration

[b]Germania-1 New Tactical Air-to-Surface Missile[/b]

Length: 2.8m
Diameter: 26.3cm
Finspan: 56cm
Weight: 318kg
Range: 80km max, 10-50km typical
Speed: Mach 2+
Propulsion: Solid rocket booster with small turbojet
Platforms: Tactical aircraft (Ground attack Bombers) (triple-round launcher for 2000lb-class hardpoints, 1-round launcher for 500-1000lb class hardpoints)
Guidance: GPS-aided INS with LADAR and imaging IR (A) or MMW radar (
Warhead: 120kg penetrating blast fragmentation (A), or 72kg triple-stage HEAT

[b]Valhalla Air-Launched Air Defence Suppression Missile[/b]

Length: 6.52m
Diameter: 0.45m
Weight: 890kg
Guidance: Inertial with GPS, passive radar-homing seeker w/ home-on-jam with MMW radar and LADAR at terminal, or passive laser-homing seeker with MMW radar at terminal
Propulsion: Ducted rocket-ramjet with throttle control and 3D TVC
Speed: Mach 4.6
Range: 350km at medium-high altitudes
Warhead: 100kg HE-Frag or flechette

Aside from the addition of a conglomeration of new technologies, the new variant is significant in that it is no longer an anti-radiation missile, but rather an air defence suppression missile capable of striking both radar and LADAR sensors. When compared to the NALSAR, it utilizes a lighter airframe with a more efficient ducted rocket-ramjet system (as demonstrated on modified HARMs), with maneuver control provided by 3D thrust vectoring nozzles, small maneuvering control nozzles mounted aft of the missile, and small fins. In terms of guidance, the B variant utilizes an advanced passive radar-homing seeker with additional home-on-jam capabilities against ground-based radar jammers, though the seeker also has the added capability to engage communication sites and GPS jammers as well, albeit with a lower success rate. Along with this, a MMW radar and LADAR guidance package is also provided, in case if the targeted radar is shut down. When coupled with the GPS system, this can also permit the precision targeting of specific vehicles alongside the targeted radar, such as control centers and the SAM launchers themselves.

[b]Norse Air-Launched Anti-Radiation Missile[/b]

Length: 4.6m
Diameter: 0.32m
Weight: 480kg
Guidance: Inertial with GPS, passive radar-homing seeker w/ home-on-jam with MMW radar and LADAR at terminal (D variant), or passive laser-homing seeker with MMW radar at terminal (E variant)
Propulsion: Ducted rocket-ramjet with throttle control and 3d TVC
Speed: Mach 6
Range: 200km at medium-high altitudes
Warhead: 45kg HE-Frag or flechette

[b]Leviathon Air Launched Anti-Shipping Missile[/b]

Medium Range Air/Surface Launched Anti-Ship/Surface Missile
Length: 7.25m w/rocket booster(surface launch); 6.7 w/o rocket booster(Air launch)
Diameter: 0.5m [wings folded in]
Wingspan: 2.5m [wings folded out]
Weight: 2300kg w/booster
Guidance: GPS with Foward/Down Looking Terrain Imaging RADAR with active AESA/LPI radar (with home-on-jam and home-on-emission modes) and LADAR at terminal, possible datalink with AWACS/satellites or ship-based combat engagement system
Anti-Ship Attack Mode: Sea-skimming(2m) to impact with twisting pop-up manuver(or regular pop-up).
Surface Attack Mode: Terrain hugging (5m)
Cruise Speed: Mach .8(Surface Attack); Mach .9(Anti-Ship)
Terminal Attack Speed: Mach 2.5 (Surface Attack); Mach 3.5 (Anti-Ship)
Range(Surface Launched): 400km Surface Atack; 350km Anti-Ship
Range(Air Launched-High Altitude): 450km Surface Atack; 375km Anti-Ship
Warhead: 50kg Depleted Uranium Penetrating Cap + 80kg Penetrating HE Warhead or 50kt Nuclear Warhead
Propulsion: Rocket-Ramjet with throttle control and 3D TVC
Countermeasues: Chaff + Flares

[b]ATAIM-8 Advanced Tactical Air Intercept Munition | Cross-platform Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile (XSRAAM)[/b]

Intended for use as an auxiliary armament for tactical fighters, the ATAIM-8 "Tasogare" is optimized for the modern close-range dogfight environment. The exceptional agility and accuracy of the ATAIM-8 system makes it the premier weapons solution when beyond visual range engagement is no longer an option.

Layout of the missiles aerodynamic surfaces was intended to maximize the missile's agility in order to improve hit probability against targets. ATAIM-8 uses a highly unconventional aerodynamic control layout as a result - unlike previous designs such as the AIM-9 or ATAIM-1 series of weapons, Tasogare uses a split canard configuration. The forward set of canards are fixed in place and greatly enhance maneuverability by generating energetic air vortices which increase airflow speed over the second set of canards located just aft of the first. Additionally, this layout improves the ATAIM-8's performance at high angles of attack by delaying airflow separation as compared to conventional control configurations. Strake extensions that run the length of the fuselage reduce exhibited drag. The swept tail surfaces swivel around the fuselage during flight to improve aerodynamic performance during high-G manuevers, a critical element in the ATAIM-8 XSRAAM's mission of engaging targets in close range.

Guidance for the ATAIM-8 is provided by a gimballed combined imaging infrared/electro-optical seeker head. The wide-angle, focal plane array used in Tasogare enables pilots to engage targets at up to 90 degrees off-boresight. The secondary EO system serves as a filter against IR countermeasures employed by a target aircraft - the seeker is capable of rejecting deployed flares by cross-referencing data regarding UV and optical wavelength emissions with the IR component. Aircraft targets exhibit low UV signatures as well as heat, thereby granting Tasogare a fairly significant level of IRCCM (Infrared Counter-Counter-Measures) capability with its advanced guidance package. Additionally, the electro-optical system generates a clear physical picture of a target in the terminal phase of the missile's flight profile which increases hit probability and lethality. The seeker head is cooled with argon gas, and enables the ATAIM-8 XSRAAM to process targets with finer temperature gradients over longer distances. Digital signals processing modules installed in the guidance section further optimizes and integrates data output from the multiple detectors in order to improve IRCCM and tracking accuracy. The guidance package is fully compatible with most HMD systems and may optionally be manually overriden for command guidance from the launching aircraft.

The ATAIM-8 XSRAAM's powerplant is a thrust-vectored gel-fueled rocket motor, which improves missile agility by a considerable degree. In order to achieve optimal kill probability, the motor uses a variable thrust profile that operates under long burn during the mid-course phase of flight to maximize range. At the terminal phase, the engine will use its fast-burning fuel component to engage in high-energy maneuvers to close with the target and thus enhance the likelihood of a hit. Additionally, the engine plume exhibits minimal environmental signatures compared to conventional solid-fueled rocket motors, which improves stealth characteristics.

[b]ATAIM-9 Advanced Tactical Air Intercept Munition | Cross-platform Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (XMRAAM)[/b]

The ATAIM-9 XMRAAM serves as the primary armament of the Air Service pilot and is designed to retain maximum potency against all current and future aerial threats throughout the course of its service life. As a complete system, the ATAIM-9 XMRAAM provides a versatile weapons solution for air intercept of a given target.

The ATAIM-9 features a novel aerodynamic design and flight control system developed in order to maximize missile agility and thereby expand the kill probability of the weapon. Specifications laid down during initial planning phases for the ATAIM-9 XMRAAM envisioned its use primarily at beyond visual ranges. Thus, the missile employs a tail control scheme which significantly enhances maneuverability at high angles of attack, a level of performance necessary to intercept an agile target at such ranges. The ATAIM-9 XMRAAM employs reduced-span tailfins, actuated by miniaturized servomechanisms, to minimize weight and volume. These control surfaces are additionally manufactured from aeroelastic material and contribute to ATAIM-9's agility by bending and warping up to 5 degrees for improved roll rate. A set of fixed stub wings are attached in the midsection of the fuselage in order to improve lift and range. Integrated into the aft section of the powerplant are small, side-thrusting reaction jets which bleed propulsive gas from the rocket motor for high-energy maneuvers, providing an unprecedented level of maneuverability. These are only active during the terminal phase of flight, however, as they consume propellant and thus reduce range if used superfluously.

Guidance for the ATAIM-9 employs a two-stage system. At extended range, the deploying aircraft provides data regarding target disposition and velocity relative to the launch point via a secure two-way datalink. Midcourse updates regarding the changing attitude of the selected target are relayed to the missile which adjusts its flight path accordingly. Between updates, the missile operates under inertial navigation, provided by a fiber optic gyroscope in order to save weight and improve accuracy over more bulkier conventional systems. As the range is closed, the ATAIM-9 XMRAAM may engage its onboard RADAR system to track the target without need for additional updates, thus freeing its data provider to other activities. The solid-state active RADAR operates in X-band, and is able to track fighter-sized targets at up to 28 km in optimal conditions with superb off-boresight capability thanks to its electronically steered antenna. Once the ATAIM-9 has reached the terminal phase of its flight profile, a gimballed combined imaging infrared/electro-optical seeker head activates to maximize kill probability. All elements of the ATAIM-9 XMRAAM's comprehensive guidance package are hardened against attack by high-energy emissions with silicon diode shielding. The missile includes Home-on-Jam and Home-on-Emit modes as well. Due to the ATAIM-9 advanced multiple-detector guidance and agility, the missile has a hit probability of 98.2% in the terminal phase. The warhead is activated by a laser proximity fuze.

In order to optimize missile range, the ATAIM-9 XMRAAM employs a liquid-fueled, ducted rocket RAMjet powerplant, manufactured by Imperial Aerospace Corporation. The rocket motor accelerates the missile during the boost phase, after which the RAMjet activates to improve propellant efficiency. The powerplant is additionally smokeless, which reduces the likelihood of visual detection.

Edited September 11, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][/b][b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | The Luftwaffe | Frontal Aviation Continued[/size][/center][/b]

[img]http://img824.imageshack.us/img824/7888/6thgen11.jpg[/img]
[b]Lu-69 Sixth Generation Air Superiority Fighter[/b]

Personnel: 1 (Pilot)
Length: 16.2m
Wingspan: 12.2m
Height: 4.2m

Empty Weight: 10,200 kg
Loaded Weight: 16,800 kg
MTOW: 23,820 kg

Speed:
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.8
Max Supercruise: Mach 1.9
Max Speed: ~Mach 2.8
G Limits: +10.5/-4 G

Ranges:
Ferry Range: 4,200 km
Ferry Range (Extra fuel tanks): 5,500 km
Combat Radius: 1,860 km

Service Ceiling: 21,500m
Climb Rate: 20,250 m/min

Weapons Layout: 1x Internal bay
Internal Bay Payload: 3,000 kilograms
Internal Bay Slots: 10 slots [larger AAMs take up more slots]

[b]Airframe[/b]

After ten years of research and development, Luftwerks decided to shift away from the traditional airframe of their fifth generation fighters. Therefore, Luftwerks has developed a skeletal based microsphere airframe for their next generation fighter. Although more expensive, the airframe allows for a lighter aircraft; while, maintaining the same structural integrity as older airframes. In addition, the new airframe is capable of enduring stresses of up to 13Gs, as this is the maximum level a human pilot may withstand before tissue damage occurs.

In order to increase stealth capabilities, SICON-developed RADAR Absorbent Structure [RAS] is mated wherever possible to this base frame. The RAS is constructed of honeycombed Kevlar sections, treated with a proprietary carbon glaze, and then bonded to polyethylene/carbon fiber skins on its front and back, creating a rigid panel. Each honeycomb is 3cm in length, and absorbs incoming RF energy quite well; the relatively large gaps allow for the RAS to dependably absorb or at least weaken RADAR returns of all frequencies higher than 10 MHz. Further, new engineering techniques courtesy of Luftwerks have allowed for improvements to the base aramid honeycomb design originally developed by TPMI/EC – the inner walls of the honeycombs are injected with a carbon-based aerogel impregnated with various RF energy absorbing compounds [see Stealth section]. The properties of this material are such that incoming RF energy is scattered further into the RAS network, which further reduces the Lu-69's already minimal RCS. For protection from hostile action, composite sandwich panels of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, thermosets, and carbon fiber embedded in an epoxy resin matrix is bonded underneath this shell. The aircraft is skinned in a composite comprised of silicone reinforced, Schiff base salt-loaded bismaleimide resin threaded with carbon fiber, which possesses superb strength to weight ratios and a resistance to thermal stress.

As with other designs, the Lu-69 uses Schiff Base Salts as one of it's major stealth characteristics. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat. This unique property is fully exploited in the fighter’s construction - a mixture of salts tuned to surveillance frequency bands most often employed by air to air RADAR systems (X, L, etc.) are dissolved in the fighter’s bismelmide resin skin and aerogel chambers. The SBS class of materials is additionally 90% lighter than previous-generation ferromagnetic absorbers, and extremely inexpensive to fabricate.

Supplementing the SBS in reducing RCS is an epoxyide applied to the airframe that reduces RADAR return through the use of non-organic microparticle absorbers embedded in the resin binder. Production of the material begins by coating 5-75 micron alumina spheres with a thin layer of silver and exposing the particles to selenium vapor at high temperature. The selenium reacts with the silver coating, which forms a film of silver selenide over the alumina sphere. This is loaded into the epoxyide matrix on a weight ratio of 1:1, which serves to enhance structural strength. Comprehensive studies into the absorptive qualities of the epoxyide appliqué indicate phenomenal performance – the silver selenide coated microparticles were found to reduce RCS by an astounding 20-25 decibels across the radio frequency range of 5-20 GHz. Also, the appliqué material shields the RADAR-transparent skin from being illuminated by hostile transmitters.

In order to reduce electro-magnetic signature, the avionics bays built into the Lu-69 are photonics based and treated with Electric Wave Absorbing Material. EWAM is a six-layer, non-woven cloth comprised of stainless steel and polyethyl fibers. The material is applied to the inner walls of the electronics housing, and serves to eliminate electro-magnetic leakage from the on-board equipment. Under laboratory conditions, EWAM absorbs 99% of all emitted EM radiation, and serves to reduce the vulnerability of the Lu-69 to passive electromagnetic sensor detection.

[b]Engines[/b]

The /MRF-09's AFE-118 engines are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation. The AFE-118 is an advanced variable bypass turbofan capable of supercruise without the use of an afterburner. At its maximum output at 15,000 meters, it delivers 206.8 kilonewtons of thrust per engine, for a total of 413.6 kilonewtons of thrust. This is enough to propel the Lu-69 to a maximum speed of Mach 2.9 in the Airforce configuration and Mach 3.6 in the Naval configuration. The reason for this discrepancy in speed is because the Airforce version of the AFE-118 has narrower intakes with a more deeply curved inlets, which results in a lower radar cross section as there less of a chance that radar can detect the plane's spinning fans. The Naval version of the AFE-118 has wider, larger intakes with a more gradual curve in the inlet that allows for better, more efficient airflow to the engine, thus increasing both its efficiency and performance. The cost is that the Naval version has a slightly increased RCS vs. the Airforce version. Both versions of the engine have their moving parts, such as the fan and integrally bladed compressor rings forged from single crystal titanium/cobalt metal matrices glazed with a thin layer of silicon carbide DCP cermets which acts as a thermal barrier coating. The same silicon carbide DCP cermets line the engine housing and exhaust vents as well, in order to prevent excess heat from being absorbed by the airframe itself. The intakes themselves have a flexible, mission adaptive lining that can self-adjust in order to modify the engine's bypass ratio, thus allowing for the engine to achieve maximum performance at all speeds and altitudes. The engine utilizes a counterflow thrust vectoring unit that allows for true 3d thrust vectoring without nozzles. The counterflow unit allows for thrust to be directed up to 25 degrees in any direction. The exhaust units are smokeless and do not leave any contrails.

[b]Avionics[/b]

AN/PSI-8 - RADAR system for the Lu-69, co-developed by Luftwaffe Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation and MP Ordnance Corporation. Using new photonics technology, the AN/PSI-8 is positioned in the nose of the aircraft (with smaller sensors placed throughout other strategic locations and with sufficient Moving Target Indicator ), making the Lu-69 one “gigantic” sensor.. The AN/PSI will have the strategic capability to scan 360 degrees around the Lu-69. Maximum search range of fighter-sized targets is estimated at 370 kilometers – however, the AN/PSI-8 may increase this range to 450 kilometers.

The AN/PSI-8 is also capable of conducting advanced cyber attacks and broadband data up-linking functions, where radar systems is used to insert tailored data streams into remote systems and defenses.

The AN/PSI-8's transmitter and receiver functions are composed of 3,300 individual transmit/receive (T/R) photonic modules that each scan a small fixed area, negating the need for a moving antenna, which further decreases ESM detection probabilities as well as aircraft volume issues. Each of the T/R modules is composed of four MMIC chips - a drive amplifier, digital phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier, and a RF power amplifier. The chips are manufactured on photonic indium-phosphide due to greater electron mobility, reduced noise, and higher frequencies of operation InP affords as opposed to more conventional semiconductor materials. To protect the antenna from detection by hostile ESM systems, it is mounted in a bandpass radome, transparent only to the band of frequencies used by the AN/PSI-8. When it is not in use, suitable electrical impulses turn the bandpass characteristic off, making it totally opaque.

AN/RSI-2 - Inverse Synthetic Aperture RADAR of the Lu-69 which processes the Doppler shift resulting from target motion as a means of improving RADAR resolution. Thanks to shared components with the AN/PSI-8, the AN/RSI-2 is highly compact, and adds less than 30 lbs to the aircraft's weight. By measuring the much larger Doppler shifts created by the Lu-69's own motion and the target's changes in attitudes, the AN/RSI-2 is able to extract the Doppler effects due to pitch, yaw, and roll of the different parts of the target aircraft, processing these to obtain a clear physical profile. This information is cross-referenced against a database of known aircraft types and presented to the pilot.

IECO-6 – Integrated electro-optical sensor system mounted beneath the forward fuselage. The package serves as a laser rangefinder to supplement the primary RADAR/IR sensors employed by the Lu-69 during close range engagements. The pod-mounted ytterbium-doped fiber optic laser assembly is slaved to the pilot’s fire control system, and increases onboard weapons accuracy by a significant factor. When not in use, the system is retracted to preserve stealth and aerodynamic characteristics.

ISTA - Imaging Infra-red passive sensor suite of the Lu-69, located on the port side of the fighter’s canopy. The ISTA package scans across red-scale wavelengths from 2.4-13 microns to enable all-aspect detection capabilities. The sensor is cooled via Freon gas, which allows for the system to interpret finer temperature gradients across longer distances. Estimated range for ISTA is quoted at 250 km in optimal conditions. All data gathered by the system is post-processed by the Sensor Management Suite to enhance resolution. The Lu-69’s onboard computers incorporate sufficient processing power to track up to 800 individual signatures, although this may be increased even further with the use of external aids such as airborne control aircraft.

[b]Vehicle Management Suite[/b]

NACS Mk. IV - Lu-69 is controlled by a centralized fly by light fiber optic system that takes both control input from the pilot and feedback from the various sensors and control surfaces around the airplane. Due to the critical role aircraft response times play in the air superiority mission and keeping with the lessons learned from the Lu-65, a FBL control scheme was chosen for the Lu-69. More importantly however, fly-by-light offers an attractive alternative to interference prone fly-by-wire systems. The popularity of EMI-based air defense weapons was not lost on TPMI/EC designers; thus, the NACS Mk. IV is nearly immune to such erroneous behavior caused by outside sources. Additionally, the flight envelope characteristics of the Lu-69 are programmed into the system, which prevents the pilot from engaging in maneuvers which would induce a total loss of control. A manual override is available, though its use is not recommended. Should the aircraft depart its flight envelope for any reason, however, a failsafe switch in the &#$@pit may be engaged that will cause the NACS Mk. IV to automatically return the aircraft to level flight. Finally, the system is adaptable to irregularities in instructions due to malfunction by reconfiguring itself and biasing the pilot’s controls to compensate. All motors utilized in the flight system are brushless, which improves efficiency, reliability, and reduces generated EMI levels. The electronic control modules for the motors are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation.

UCS – Utilities Control System, which manages and automates the various mechanical utilities found aboard the Lu-69 including primary and backup electrical systems, hydraulics (for aircraft control actuators, brakes, nose wheel steering, intakes, et al.), fuel stores and climate controls in the &#$@pit.

AEAD - Active Electronic Array Device, which is embedded in the outer skin. This functions as a core component of the Lu-69's avionics suite. It is comprised of embedded arrays of photonic microscopic active transmitting elements, which are unified by the Vehicle Management Suite. Signals processing from the CIPs enable these integrated elements to act like the active elements of a phased array antenna. This permits the Lu-69 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter to sense and communicate in optical and other frequency bands, and in any direction from any aircraft attitude. Software developed by TPMI/EC enables all Lu-69's in flight to share target and system data via the AEAD interface, which allows pilots greater freedom for autonomous action. In addition, the distributed nature of the AEAD allows for unrivaled accuracy with regard to threat observation – the sensors may quickly identify the distance and bearing of hostile transmitter sites by coordinating information gathered by the Lu-69's RWR with the precise location that hostile RF signals impact the airframe.

[b][Defensive Measures][/b]

NSER-5 - Integrated Electronic Warfare System of the Lu-69. It is comprised of a number of individual subsystems, all of which are closely tied to the MMS component via the InfiniBand high-speed bus interface. Threat detection is provided by a super heterodyne RADAR Warning Receiver, capable of monitoring LPI emissions through rapid signals processing of all major RF bands. NSER-5 also features a Laser Warning Receiver, which detects laser radiation and determines its bearing, one of the more popular guidance methods employed in modern missiles. In order to quickly track missile launches the NSER-5 incorporates three Missile Approach Warners, built into a set of apertures distributed across the aircraft. To increase the effectiveness of the system the MAW is also directly linked to the countermeasures systems allowing an instantaneous response to a local launch. The MAWs include a set of Rayleigh scattering processing modules, which serves to greatly improve resolution and accuracy regarding threat disposition.

Active countermeasures equipment is fitted to the Lu-69 in a series of modular apertures.

The ADN-2 infrared jammer makes use of a gimbal-mounted low-powered microwave laser to detect and jam incoming IR missiles. In order to preserve stealth characteristics, transparent lens covers manufactured from selectively permeable plastic serves to shield the device from RADAR visibility when not in use. The system is capable of jamming multiple IR and UV frequencies simultaeneously to provide improved performance.

The EOCM-6 is a pod-mounted blue-green laser used to detect and jam passive systems such as TV/FLIR automatic trackers.

The NRV-27 is the Lu-69's RF jammer which serves to emit radio frequency signals that interfere with hostile transmitter operation. The “smart skin” antenna embedded in the Lu-69's airframe enables the NRV-27 to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming in addition to standard noise jamming modes. In the DRFM mode, the Lu-65's manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the NRV-27 may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the doppler shift of the transmitted signal.

An XC-100 countermeasures dispenser is internally mounted, which is programmed to deploy multi-spectral chaff and flares only in the direction of a threat as determined by the NSER-5. The flares are treated with chemical additives that spoof the IR sensors of most IR guided missiles. Additionally, data from the NSER-5’s RWR set is linked to the chaff cutting mechanism – the XC-100 is sophisticated enough to interpret the RWR’s information and cut the aluminium strips to provide for maximum reflectivity to the RF band being deceived.

In practical terms, the NSER-5 serves to determine the location and nature of all threat systems, thereby warning aircrew when they are being tracked, targeted, or engaged.

[b]Advanced Flight AI Assistant[/b]

The Lu-69 includes a "computerized associate", essentially an advanced artificial intelligence that serves as a combination of copilot and backseater. Allegedly designated the Advanced Mission-supporting Intelligent Assistant or AMIA, the AI is believed to improve the situational awareness and survivability of the fighter through a number of autonomous functions. The pilot is, according to accounts from defectors, hooked up to health sensors which monitor blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing patterns, and electrical activity in the brain. Should the system determine that the pilot is incapacitated, due to red/blackout or other reasons, AMIA will automatically seize control and attempt to fly a safe, evasive route back to its pre-programmed base location. AMIA is also able to execute simple oral commands given by the pilot, such as display switching, stores management, or changing radio frequencies. Most interesting of all is AMIA's electronic warfare and countermeasures support functions, however. It is capable of intelligently analyzing strength, frequency, and location of hostile sensor sites through a data highway connection with the Sensor Management Suite. AMIA will render a display of these locations, estimate range of detection relative to the fighter's location, and advise navigational course for the pilot so as to evade detection. Also, AMIA is capable of limited assistance during offensive or defensive manuevering. For example, if the Missile Alert Warner systems detect a launch, AMIA will automatically cycle the NRV-27 RF jammer to the frequency band tracking the fighter and advise the pilot to activate said equipment. The flight envelope characteristics of the TF-70A+ are also programmed into AMIA's database allowing the AI to advise specific manuevers in response to a given situation.

[b][Armaments][/b]

Primary armament for the Lu-69 is carried internally in order to reduce RCS and improve aerodynamic performance. The Lu-69 has enough internal storage to hold ten missiles; while, larger missiles take up two slots. For situations where more stealth is needed, the Lu-69 can utilize the SADS-M system.

Drawing on experience from the Advanced Reduced Signature Aircraft Ordinance Delivery System that was fielded before. The weapon system utilizes an semi-maneuverable undercarriage that is lowered out from beneath the aircraft while firing. The system is designed to allow for the aircraft to maintain a high degree of stealth while launching ordinance. Rather than using a conventional bay that, when open, presents enemy RADAR operators with a signature, the undercarriage system lowers slightly from within its own bay (just small enough to accommodate the undercarriage), and can launch up to five medium range air-to-air missiles from five separate launch tubes.

Missile launches are aided via electro-magnetic coils and a high powered jet of compressed air, propelling the missiles out of the tubes, allowing for their engines to start a good distance from the aircraft

[b]Energy Weapons[/b]

The Lu-69 is equipped with the nation’s first direct energy weapon. The NLM-E is the Lu-69’s direct energy weapon, capable of emitting high-powered microwaves and lasers for defense against incoming missiles or as offensive weapons themselves. The direct energy weapon utilized will be of the Munitions “dial on effect” type, able to cause anything from impairment to destruction of an air or ground target

[b]Close Engagement Weapons[/b]

Calibre: 25 mm (0.98 in)
• Operation: electric thermal chemical gun
• Length: 3m
• Weight (complete): 270 lb (122 kg)
• Rate of fire: 3,600 - 4,500 rounds per minute
• Muzzle velocity: (HEI) 3,400 ft/s (1,040 m/s); (API) 3,280 ft/s (1,000 m/s)
• Projectile weight: (HEI) 6.5 oz (184 g); (API) 7.6 oz (215 g)
• Muzzle energy: (HEI) 73,400 ft·lbf (99,500 joules); (API) 79,300 ft·lbf (107,500 joules)

[img]http://img854.imageshack.us/img854/3319/2012februaryadp.jpg[/img]
[b]Lu-71 Sixth Generation Multi-Role Strike Fighter[/b]

Personnel: 1 (Pilot)
Length: 24m
Wingspan: 15m
Height: 4.8m

Empty Weight: 10,200 kg
Loaded Weight: 16,800 kg
MTOW: 23,820 kg

Speed:
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.8
Max Supercruise: Mach 1.9
Max Speed: ~Mach 2.7
G Limits: +10.5/-4 G

Ranges:
Ferry Range: 4,000 km
Combat Radius: 1,810 km

Service Ceiling: 19,820 m

Payload: 6,800kg max

[b]Airframe[/b]

After ten years of research and development, Luftwerks decided to shift away from the traditional airframe of their fifth generation fighters. Therefore, Luftwerks has developed a skeletal based microsphere airframe for their next generation fighter. Although more expensive, the airframe allows for a lighter aircraft; while, maintaining the same structural integrity as older airframes. In addition, the new airframe is capable of enduring stresses of up to 13Gs, as this is the maximum level a human pilot may withstand before tissue damage occurs.

In order to increase stealth capabilities, SICON-developed RADAR Absorbent Structure [RAS] is mated wherever possible to this base frame. The RAS is constructed of honeycombed Kevlar sections, treated with a proprietary carbon glaze, and then bonded to polyethylene/carbon fiber skins on its front and back, creating a rigid panel. Each honeycomb is 3cm in length, and absorbs incoming RF energy quite well; the relatively large gaps allow for the RAS to dependably absorb or at least weaken RADAR returns of all frequencies higher than 10 MHz. Further, new engineering techniques courtesy of Luftwerks have allowed for improvements to the base aramid honeycomb design originally developed by TPMI/EC – the inner walls of the honeycombs are injected with a carbon-based aerogel impregnated with various RF energy absorbing compounds [see Stealth section]. The properties of this material are such that incoming RF energy is scattered further into the RAS network, which further reduces the Lu-69's already minimal RCS. For protection from hostile action, composite sandwich panels of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, thermosets, and carbon fiber embedded in an epoxy resin matrix is bonded underneath this shell. The aircraft is skinned in a composite comprised of silicone reinforced, Schiff base salt-loaded bismaleimide resin threaded with carbon fiber, which possesses superb strength to weight ratios and a resistance to thermal stress.

As with other designs, the Lu-71 uses Schiff Base Salts as one of it's major stealth characteristics. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat. This unique property is fully exploited in the fighter’s construction - a mixture of salts tuned to surveillance frequency bands most often employed by air to air RADAR systems (X, L, etc.) are dissolved in the fighter’s bismelmide resin skin and aerogel chambers. The SBS class of materials is additionally 90% lighter than previous-generation ferromagnetic absorbers, and extremely inexpensive to fabricate.

Supplementing the SBS in reducing RCS is an epoxyide applied to the airframe that reduces RADAR return through the use of non-organic microparticle absorbers embedded in the resin binder. Production of the material begins by coating 5-75 micron alumina spheres with a thin layer of silver and exposing the particles to selenium vapor at high temperature. The selenium reacts with the silver coating, which forms a film of silver selenide over the alumina sphere. This is loaded into the epoxyide matrix on a weight ratio of 1:1, which serves to enhance structural strength. Comprehensive studies into the absorptive qualities of the epoxyide appliqué indicate phenomenal performance – the silver selenide coated microparticles were found to reduce RCS by an astounding 20-25 decibels across the radio frequency range of 5-20 GHz. Also, the appliqué material shields the RADAR-transparent skin from being illuminated by hostile transmitters.

In order to reduce electro-magnetic signature, the avionics bays built into the Lu-71 are photonics based and treated with Electric Wave Absorbing Material. EWAM is a six-layer, non-woven cloth comprised of stainless steel and polyethyl fibers. The material is applied to the inner walls of the electronics housing, and serves to eliminate electro-magnetic leakage from the on-board equipment. Under laboratory conditions, EWAM absorbs 99% of all emitted EM radiation, and serves to reduce the vulnerability of the Lu-71 to passive electromagnetic sensor detection.

[b]Engine[/b]

The /MRF-09's AFE-118 engines are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation. The AFE-118 is an advanced variable bypass turbofan capable of supercruise without the use of an afterburner. At its maximum output at 15,000 meters, it delivers 206.8 kilonewtons of thrust per engine, for a total of 413.6 kilonewtons of thrust. This is enough to propel the Lu-71 to a maximum speed of Mach 2.7 in the Airforce configuration and Mach 2.9 in the Naval configuration. The reason for this discrepancy in speed is because the Airforce version of the AFE-118 has narrower intakes with a more deeply curved inlets, which results in a lower radar cross section as there less of a chance that radar can detect the plane's spinning fans. The Naval version of the AFE-118 has wider, larger intakes with a more gradual curve in the inlet that allows for better, more efficient airflow to the engine, thus increasing both its efficiency and performance. The cost is that the Naval version has a slightly increased RCS vs. the Airforce version. Both versions of the engine have their moving parts, such as the fan and integrally bladed compressor rings forged from single crystal titanium/cobalt metal matrices glazed with a thin layer of silicon carbide DCP cermets which acts as a thermal barrier coating. The same silicon carbide DCP cermets line the engine housing and exhaust vents as well, in order to prevent excess heat from being absorbed by the airframe itself. The intakes themselves have a flexible, mission adaptive lining that can self-adjust in order to modify the engine's bypass ratio, thus allowing for the engine to achieve maximum performance at all speeds and altitudes. The engine utilizes a counterflow thrust vectoring unit that allows for true 3d thrust vectoring without nozzles. The counterflow unit allows for thrust to be directed up to 25 degrees in any direction. The exhaust units are smokeless and do not leave any contrails.


[b]Avionics[/b]

AN/PSI-S8 - RADAR system designed specifically for the Lu-71, co-developed by Luftwaffe Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation and MP Ordnance Corporation. Using new photonics technology, the AN/PSI-S8 is positioned in the nose of the aircraft (with smaller sensors placed throughout other strategic locations and with sufficient Moving Target Indicator ), making the Lu-71 one “gigantic” sensor.. The AN/PSI will have the strategic capability to scan 360 degrees. Maximum search range of fighter-sized targets is estimated at 370 kilometers – however, the AN/PSI-8 may increase this range to 450 kilometers. In air-to-surface operations the radar will support functions such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ground mapping.

The AN/PSI-S8 is also capable of conducting advanced cyber attacks and broadband data up-linking functions, where radar systems is used to insert tailored data streams into remote systems and defenses.

The AN/PSI-S8's transmitter and receiver functions are composed of 4,300 individual transmit/receive (T/R) photonic modules (mainly because the S8 has more functionality) that each scan a small fixed area, negating the need for a moving antenna, which further decreases ESM detection probabilities as well as aircraft volume issues. Each of the T/R modules is composed of four MMIC chips - a drive amplifier, digital phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier, and a RF power amplifier. The chips are manufactured on photonic indium-phosphide due to greater electron mobility, reduced noise, and higher frequencies of operation InP affords as opposed to more conventional semiconductor materials. To protect the antenna from detection by hostile ESM systems, it is mounted in a bandpass radome, transparent only to the band of frequencies used by the AN/PSI-S8. When it is not in use, suitable electrical impulses turn the bandpass characteristic off, making it totally opaque.

AN/RSI-2 - Inverse Synthetic Aperture RADAR of the Lu-71 which processes the Doppler shift resulting from target motion as a means of improving RADAR resolution. Thanks to shared components with the AN/PSI-S8, the AN/RSI-2 is highly compact, and adds less than 30 lbs to the aircraft's weight. By measuring the much larger Doppler shifts created by the Lu-71's own motion and the target's changes in attitudes, the AN/RSI-2 is able to extract the Doppler effects due to pitch, yaw, and roll of the different parts of the target aircraft, processing these to obtain a clear physical profile. This information is cross-referenced against a database of known aircraft types and presented to the pilot.

IECO-6 – Integrated electro-optical sensor system mounted beneath the forward fuselage. The package serves as a laser rangefinder to supplement the primary RADAR/IR sensors employed by the Lu-71 during close range engagements. The pod-mounted ytterbium-doped fiber optic laser assembly is slaved to the pilot’s fire control system, and increases onboard weapons accuracy by a significant factor. When not in use, the system is retracted to preserve stealth and aerodynamic characteristics.

ISTA - Imaging Infra-red passive sensor suite of the Lu-71, located on the port side of the fighter’s canopy. The ISTA package scans across red-scale wavelengths from 2.4-13 microns to enable all-aspect detection capabilities. The sensor is cooled via Freon gas, which allows for the system to interpret finer temperature gradients across longer distances. Estimated range for ISTA is quoted at 250 km in optimal conditions. All data gathered by the system is post-processed by the Sensor Management Suite to enhance resolution. The Lu-71’s onboard computers incorporate sufficient processing power to track up to 800 individual signatures, although this may be increased even further with the use of external aids such as airborne control aircraft.

Vehicle Management Suite

NACS Mk. IV - Lu-69 is controlled by a centralized fly by light fiber optic system that takes both control input from the pilot and feedback from the various sensors and control surfaces around the airplane. Due to the critical role aircraft response times play in the air superiority mission and keeping with the lessons learned from the Lu-65, a FBL control scheme was chosen for the Lu-69. More importantly however, fly-by-light offers an attractive alternative to interference prone fly-by-wire systems. The popularity of EMI-based air defense weapons was not lost on TPMI/EC designers; thus, the NACS Mk. IV is nearly immune to such erroneous behavior caused by outside sources. Additionally, the flight envelope characteristics of the Lu-69 are programmed into the system, which prevents the pilot from engaging in maneuvers which would induce a total loss of control. A manual override is available, though its use is not recommended. Should the aircraft depart its flight envelope for any reason, however, a failsafe switch in the &#$@pit may be engaged that will cause the NACS Mk. IV to automatically return the aircraft to level flight. Finally, the system is adaptable to irregularities in instructions due to malfunction by reconfiguring itself and biasing the pilot’s controls to compensate. All motors utilized in the flight system are brushless, which improves efficiency, reliability, and reduces generated EMI levels. The electronic control modules for the motors are manufactured by MP Ordnance Corporation.

UCS – Utilities Control System, which manages and automates the various mechanical utilities found aboard the Lu-69 including primary and backup electrical systems, hydraulics (for aircraft control actuators, brakes, nose wheel steering, intakes, et al.), fuel stores and climate controls in the &#$@pit.

AEAD - Active Electronic Array Device, which is embedded in the outer skin. This functions as a core component of the Lu-69's avionics suite. It is comprised of embedded arrays of photonic microscopic active transmitting elements, which are unified by the Vehicle Management Suite. Signals processing from the CIPs enable these integrated elements to act like the active elements of a phased array antenna. This permits the Lu-69 Advanced Air Superiority Fighter to sense and communicate in optical and other frequency bands, and in any direction from any aircraft attitude. Software developed by TPMI/EC enables all Lu-69's in flight to share target and system data via the AEAD interface, which allows pilots greater freedom for autonomous action. In addition, the distributed nature of the AEAD allows for unrivaled accuracy with regard to threat observation – the sensors may quickly identify the distance and bearing of hostile transmitter sites by coordinating information gathered by the Lu-69's RWR with the precise location that hostile RF signals impact the airframe.

[b][Defensive Measures][/b]

NSER-5 - Integrated Electronic Warfare System of the Lu-71. It is comprised of a number of individual subsystems, all of which are closely tied to the MMS component via the InfiniBand high-speed bus interface. Threat detection is provided by a super heterodyne RADAR Warning Receiver, capable of monitoring LPI emissions through rapid signals processing of all major RF bands. NSER-5 also features a Laser Warning Receiver, which detects laser radiation and determines its bearing, one of the more popular guidance methods employed in modern missiles. In order to quickly track missile launches the NSER-5 incorporates three Missile Approach Warners, built into a set of apertures distributed across the aircraft. To increase the effectiveness of the system the MAW is also directly linked to the countermeasures systems allowing an instantaneous response to a local launch. The MAWs include a set of Rayleigh scattering processing modules, which serves to greatly improve resolution and accuracy regarding threat disposition.

Active countermeasures equipment is fitted to the Lu-71 in a series of modular apertures.

The ADN-2 infrared jammer makes use of a gimbal-mounted low-powered microwave laser to detect and jam incoming IR missiles. In order to preserve stealth characteristics, transparent lens covers manufactured from selectively permeable plastic serves to shield the device from RADAR visibility when not in use. The system is capable of jamming multiple IR and UV frequencies simultaeneously to provide improved performance.

The EOCM-6 is a pod-mounted blue-green laser used to detect and jam passive systems such as TV/FLIR automatic trackers.

The NRV-27 is the Lu-71's RF jammer which serves to emit radio frequency signals that interfere with hostile transmitter operation. The “smart skin” antenna embedded in the Lu-69's airframe enables the NRV-27 to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming in addition to standard noise jamming modes. In the DRFM mode, the Lu-65's manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the NRV-27 may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the doppler shift of the transmitted signal.

An XC-100 countermeasures dispenser is internally mounted, which is programmed to deploy multi-spectral chaff and flares only in the direction of a threat as determined by the NSER-5. The flares are treated with chemical additives that spoof the IR sensors of most IR guided missiles. Additionally, data from the NSER-5’s RWR set is linked to the chaff cutting mechanism – the XC-100 is sophisticated enough to interpret the RWR’s information and cut the aluminium strips to provide for maximum reflectivity to the RF band being deceived.

In practical terms, the NSER-5 serves to determine the location and nature of all threat systems, thereby warning aircrew when they are being tracked, targeted, or engaged.

[b]Advanced Flight AI Assistant[/b]

The Lu-71 includes a "computerized associate", essentially an advanced artificial intelligence that serves as a combination of copilot and backseater. Allegedly designated the Advanced Mission-supporting Intelligent Assistant or AMIA, the AI is believed to improve the situational awareness and survivability of the fighter through a number of autonomous functions. The pilot is, according to accounts from defectors, hooked up to health sensors which monitor blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing patterns, and electrical activity in the brain. Should the system determine that the pilot is incapacitated, due to red/blackout or other reasons, AMIA will automatically seize control and attempt to fly a safe, evasive route back to its pre-programmed base location. AMIA is also able to execute simple oral commands given by the pilot, such as display switching, stores management, or changing radio frequencies. Most interesting of all is AMIA's electronic warfare and countermeasures support functions, however. It is capable of intelligently analyzing strength, frequency, and location of hostile sensor sites through a data highway connection with the Sensor Management Suite. AMIA will render a display of these locations, estimate range of detection relative to the fighter's location, and advise navigational course for the pilot so as to evade detection. Also, AMIA is capable of limited assistance during offensive or defensive manuevering. For example, if the Missile Alert Warner systems detect a launch, AMIA will automatically cycle the NRV-27 RF jammer to the frequency band tracking the fighter and advise the pilot to activate said equipment. The flight envelope characteristics of the Lu-71 are also programmed into AMIA's database allowing the AI to advise specific manuevers in response to a given situation. Also, AMIA's connection to the Sensor Management Suite allows for it to provide tactically useful guidance to the pilot. Sensors and data links will acquire data, which are centrally processed by CIP resources, and activate tactical decision aids–or "planners." Search, attack, avoidance and denial planner modules would work simultaneously on the fused data, producing action plans for the pilot. The search planner is intended to help pilots locate targets. This software application would look, for example, at all the possible places where a column of tanks could be, based on factors such as the last siting, the road network, terrain and the speed of the vehicles. After the tanks have been located, the attack planner could plan the ingress route, assess the vulnerability of the tanks, and indicate where the wingmen should be. While these tasks are proceeding, a "fast track" process would send any high-priority threat information directly to the pilot, who would determine, with the help of an "avoid planner," the evasion route. These processes are executed by AMIA in fractions of a second, permitting pilots in a multiship formation to counter or avoid multiple threats and at the same time attack multiple targets. Unfortunately, the technology behind AMIA remains immature and prone to software errors, and only limited numbers of these systems will be deployed operationally.

[b][Armaments][/b]

Primary armament for the Lu-71 is carried internally in order to reduce RCS and improve aerodynamic performance. The Lu-69 has enough internal storage to hold ten missiles; while, larger missiles take up two slots. Because of it's multi-role capabilities, the fighter can carry air to surface missiles or guided bombs.

For situations where more stealth is needed, the Lu-69 can utilize the SADS-M system.

Drawing on experience from the Advanced Reduced Signature Aircraft Ordinance Delivery System that was fielded before. The weapon system utilizes an semi-maneuverable undercarriage that is lowered out from beneath the aircraft while firing. The system is designed to allow for the aircraft to maintain a high degree of stealth while launching ordinance. Rather than using a conventional bay that, when open, presents enemy RADAR operators with a signature, the undercarriage system lowers slightly from within its own bay (just small enough to accommodate the undercarriage), and can launch up to five medium range air-to-air missiles from five separate launch tubes.

Missile launches are aided via electro-magnetic coils and a high powered jet of compressed air, propelling the missiles out of the tubes, allowing for their engines to start a good distance from the aircraft

[b]Energy Weapons[/b]

The Lu-71 is equipped with the nation’s first direct energy weapon. The NLM-E is the Lu-71’s direct energy weapon, capable of emitting high-powered microwaves and lasers for defense against incoming missiles or as offensive weapons themselves. The direct energy weapon utilized will be of the Munitions “dial on effect” type, able to cause anything from impairment to destruction of an air or ground target

Close Engagement Weapons

Calibre: 25 mm (0.98 in)
• Operation: electric thermal chemical gun
• Length: 3m
• Weight (complete): 270 lb (122 kg)
• Rate of fire: 3,600 - 4,500 rounds per minute
• Muzzle velocity: (HEI) 3,400 ft/s (1,040 m/s); (API) 3,280 ft/s (1,000 m/s)
• Projectile weight: (HEI) 6.5 oz (184 g); (API) 7.6 oz (215 g)
• Muzzle energy: (HEI) 73,400 ft·lbf (99,500 joules); (API) 79,300 ft·lbf (107,500 joules)

[img]http://img192.imageshack.us/img192/9149/37197988.png[/img]

[b]Design[/b]

The designers of the Corvus had one thing in mind: survivability. On a battlefield, a war machine must be survivable, otherwise it is simply expensive scrap metal waiting to be blown to pieces. As a result, the ACI.37M utilizes a number of techniques to make on of the world's deadliest, sneakiest, and toughest attack helicopters.

The most obvious feature of the Corvus is its use of a contra-rotor configuration, which allows for both greater effeciency and superior maneuverability in comparison to helicopters that use a conventional configuration (main rotor and tail rotor). Another advantage of the contra-rotor is the fact it doesn't have a tail rotor, traditionaly one of a helicopter's most vulnerable areas, especialy in an urban scenario.

It also allows for a smaller, more compact airframe, as seen with the Corvus, which makes for not only a smaller target, but an aircraft that is far easier to transport into theatre via transport aircraft, as well as being suitable for flying off of naval vessels. The smaller airframe, while it meant a smaller target, also meant it required special crew accomodations. The problem of where to put the crew was something that continualy plauged the design team. However, they eventualy came up with a solution:

The stayed with the popular tandemn configuration, but, rather than place the pilot behind and above the gunner, he is placed in front of and at the same level as the gunner. This allows for the aircraft to maintain the same low profile. How does the gunner see anything, you may ask. The answer is quite simple. The gunner is immersed in an ocean of LCD and OLED monitors, granting him a complete three dimensional view of the outside without having to be seated up front.

The reason for sticking the pilot of front rather than the gunner is also simple: if the aircraft's sensor systems were to fail or something were to go wrong with the monitor systems, he would be flying completely blind were he in the rear, meaning a less-than-lethal hit could result in the aircraft crashing into a tree. As a result, he was positioned to the front of the aircraft, giving him a better view of things.

The cockpit itself is well armored, the pilot and gunner being isolated from one another via strong, clear plexiglass shielding, meaning that an explosion that kills the pilot won't nessesarily kill the gunner, and visa versa. The crew are seated in a 'titanium bathtub', reinforced with layers of ballistic ceramics, similar to that found on modern fixed wing close air support aircraft. This hardened shell is capable of taking up to 25mm high explosive rounds, meaning the crew is quite safe. This especialy comes in handy in the event of the crash, as the cockpit generally stays intact.

The fuselage of their helo features extensive armoring in the form of titanium and ceramics, as do key areas such as the engines. These areas are virtualy immune to small arms fire and are resistance to cannon fire, boosting the aircraft's survivability. The ACI.37 is armored to survive hits from weapons up to 25mm HEI in caliber in vulnerable areas, such as the cockpit and engines.

In addition to these systems, the ACI.37 features a number of passive systems to prevent enemy infrared guided weapons from targetting the aircraft. The entire helo is covered in infrared absorbant paint to prevent enemy infrared from tracking the aircraft. The helicopter's engines are protected by an infrared suppression system, designed to reduce the heat signature produced by the engines. Noise signature is greatly reduced thanks to the use of five rotor blades rather than four or two.

[b]Armament[/b]

Armament. The most important part of any attack helicopter. The Corvus certainly doesn't lack this key component. From it's 33mm chin gun to its racks of countless missiles and rockets, the Corvus can easily deal with virtualy every threat on a battlefield.

Previous models of the Corvus utilized the ACU.230H Helicopter Advanced Gun System (HAGS), a 23x135mm CTA gast-type cannon. Field experience demonstrated that the cannon was rarely used against targets that required extreme velocity to penetrate as was anticipated; rather, targets engaged by the Corvus' cannon were of the sort that would have been dealt with better had a larger round with more explosive filler be used. As a result, the ACI.37M features a brand new cannon firing a larger round, the new 33x120mm CTA cartridge. This is based off of the much larger Mekugian 33mm CTA round utilized in the A33 revolver cannon, which proved itself in Doomani service in the AG-6 Ballista close air support aircraft. This larger projectile allows for much more explosive filler to be used in high explosive rounds, making it a far more leathal weapon. The use of CTA ammunition allows the Corvus to carry an ample supply of ammunition without sacrificing killing power.

The new cannon, the CA.33, is a fairly unique weapon, and one of Doomingsland Defense Industries' newest products. It is a chain-driven automatic cannon, meaning that as opposed to relying on the power of the cartridge to cycle the action, it utilizes an external power source. This makes for not only a greater degree of controllability, but also a far more reliable weapon, as misfires are simply ejected as opposed to jamming the weapon. The weapon's rate of fire is electronically adjustable, ranging from four hundred to eight hundred rounds per minute and anywhere in between. The weapon is also suprisingly light for its size and recoil is extremely low thanks to the weapon's use of a reciprocating barrel in its operation.

This weapon, designed to act as the pilot's personal weapon system (and is tied to his helmet-based HUD, allowing for him to engage targets with the turn of his head), allows for the Corvus to engage immediate threats, such as infantry and light armor. However, the cannon's penetration power allows for it to penetrate the roof armor of most contemporary armored vehicles. A wide variety of ammunition, including DU sabot ammunition for superior penetration of armor, a high explosive incindiery round for general work, and a 33mm version of the electronically fused high explosive round (EFHE) popular with Doomani ground forces, which is capable of air bursting, contact bursting, and detonating after penetration (the round is also DU tipped to allow for better penetration in this manner).

This is only the tip of the spear when it comes to the ACI.37's armament. The helicopter's primary killing arm is its Advanced Modular Helicopter Payload Delivery System (AMHPDS). This system consists of two stub wings upon which a number of armaments can be mounted:


Underwing hardpoints:
• 82mm rockets (20 per pod)
• 57mm rockets (45 per pod)
• ATGM mounts 6 (Panzerschrecktype) per mount)
• Air-to-Air missiles (4)
• Gun pod: 15.7mm minigun
• Gun pod: 40mm grenade launcher

Wingtip hardpoints:
• Air-to-Air missiles (2)
• ATGM mount (2, Panzerschreck)

The system itself features two underwing pods per winglet plus wingtip mounts, allowing for any of the afformentioned weaponry to be mounted with ease. Imperial Aerospace currently offers laser-fused high explosive and flechette rockets in 57mm and 82mm. These rounds are capable of air bursting, contact bursting, and bursting after penetration, vastly increasing the effectiveness of these weapons. The actual weapon pods are semi-maneuverable, allowing for much easier targetting of unguided weapons.

[b]Propulsion[/b]

The ACI-37's design team had one main goal for the aircraft when choosing the propulsion system: maneuverability. As a result, they looked no further than the old Kamov attack helicopters, notable for their incredible maneuverability at combat alititudes. This was achieved through the standard turboshaft-type engine system but with something a bit more exotic: the contra-rotor.

With contra-rotating rotors, the aircraft doesn't use a tail rotor. Instead, it uses not one, but two main rotors, stacked up on top of one another, counter-rotating. This allows for a stubbier design, meaning a smaller target. It also allows for far greater maneuverability. In order to make for an even stealthier aircraft in the area of sound detection, the designers decided to use five blades per rotor head. This has been proven to produce far less overall sound when compared with four or two bladed helicopters, allowing for the Corvus to sneak up on unsuspecting ground personel with relative ease without having to worry about being heard from miles away.

As for actual propulsion, the ACI-37 makes use of twin Imperial Aerospace D/TS-147A turboshaft engines, propeling the helicopter to a maximum velocity of 350 kilometers per hour. The engines both feature infrared suppresors as well as IR absorbant paint (along with the rest of the aircraft)

Avionics

The ACI-37M retains the MADHAT modular electronics architecture from the previous model of the Corvus, thus allowing for sensor and software upgrades to easily be applied to the aircraft at will, meaning that all previous Corvus models can be updated to ACI-37M standards. MADHAT is a comprehensive distributed computing solution which blends numerous and disparate sensor, mission-critical utility, and communications systems into a seamlessly integrated package. Every individual element of the ACI-37M's mission equipment is centrally processed by MADHAT with built-in self-diagnostic capability to simplify logistics. The modular nature of the architecture additionally reduces Corvus' maintenance requirements as most systems are packaged as easily-accessible line replaceable units.

Flight control for the Corvus is provided by a tripple-redundant, fly-by-wire electronic control system in order to improve pilot feedback responsiveness and reduce weight as compared to older hydraulic-assisted mechanisms of similar function. Although TPMI/EC considered implementation of fly-by-light for the design, the specialized and fragile tooling necessary to maintain such systems was deemed unacceptable. Establishing such facilities in suboptimal conditions that Corvus may encounter during the course of a combined air-land operation (for example, hastily erected Forward Air Bases to support a ground offensive) was determined to be unfeasible. However, FBL retains one critical advantage over the copper-wire system utilized in the Corvus - immunity to electromagnetic interference. In order to compensate for this issue, the control system utilized in Corvus is hardened against potentially harmful EMI through the application of Electric Wave Absorbing Material. EWAM is a non-woven, six-layer cloth comprised of stainless steel and polyethyl fibers, and protects the helicopter from influence by EMI. Additionally, the system reduces workload by enabling automatic hover or manuever while the pilot may focus his attention on other concerns. Tripple redundancy also ensures that in the event the Corvus takes a hit, it will still be able to fly courtesy of backup systems, vastly increasing survivability.

All outputs from the helicopter's individual different subsystems are centrally processed by MADHAT, which implements sensor fusion for the Corvus' crew in order to reduce workload and ensure data integrity.

Installed above the main rotor is a compact radome that houses a millimetric wave fire control RADAR, with range estimated at 34 km under optimal conditions. The elevated position enables the system to retain functionality while the Corvus remains concealed by physical obstacles. The pilot's sight is positioned in the nose of the aircraft and is slaved to his helmet and paired with the aircraft's cannon, allowing for easier aquisition of targets. The sight is composed of a gimballed dual imaging infrared and electro-optical sensor system housed in a stabilized, rotating/elevating mount. A combined laser rangefinder/designator shares the assembly, and enables the Corvus to safely mark targets for on- or offboard weapons systems (such as ATGMs launched from supporting gunships) from standoff range. The IIR system includes a separate imager operating in Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) frequencies which significantly degrades the efficacy of hostile optical camouflage. A second, virtually identical sight with more powerful optical and digital zoom, is mounted below the radome and serves as the gunner's sight. Every system is tightly integrated with cockpit displays, greatly enhancing the situational awareness of pilot and gunner.

The Corvus also utilizes the Integrated Communication Navigation Identification Avionics system, which combines the functions of current communications equipment, such as HF SSB (High Frequency-Single Side Band), VHF/UHF, SINCGARS, Have Quick, EJS, JTIDS, various navigational aids and transponder/interrogator facilities. Corvus enhances the situational awareness of its associated fast-moving forces by providing up to the minute tactical intelligence from its advanced sensor suite. Every output processed by the MADHAT central architecture may be transmitted to friendly forces via Joint Tactical Information Distribution System or other comparable battle management interfaces. In this way, data gathered by the Corvus may be analyzed and exploited by commanders on the ground.

[b]Electronic Warfare[/b]

Due to the high attrition rate suffered by rotary-wing aircraft, TPMI/EC developed a sophisticated Integrated Electronic Warfare system to defeat tactical air defense systems in wide circulation, originally for the TRA-92 scout helicopter. Internal design studies conducted by the company found that the primary threat to the TRA-92 would come from short-range surface to air missiles; Eiko thereby featured a number of passive and active countermeasures designed to defeat these threats. TPMI/EC, working in tandem with IAC, applied these same countermeasures to the Corvus. Most effective is an infrared signature suppression system built into the airframe, that draws in cooler air from an inlet above the tailboom and mixes it with the hotter engine exhaust, which serves to reduce IR signature to approximately 1/4 that of extant designs. A super heterodyne RADAR Warning Receiver serves to alert crewmen if they are being illuminated by hostile transmitters, while a LASER Warning Receiver performs the same function for beam-riding weapons such as Starstreak. Housed in the tail assembly is an intelligent flares/chaff dispenser that is networked to the passive alert systems, deploying decoys in the direction of a perceived threat in order to maximize effectiveness.

The Corvus also includes a set of active jamming equipment. The ADN-2 infrared jammer makes use of a gimballed low-powered microwave laser to detect and jam incoming IR missiles. In order to preserve stealth characteristics, transparent lens covers manufactured from selectively permeable plastic shields the device from RADAR visibility when not in use. The system is capable of jamming multiple IR and UV frequencies simultaeneously to provide improved performance. The NRV-27 is the ACI-37M's RF jammer which emits radio frequency signals that interfere with hostile transmitter operation. The use of a directional, super heterodyne receiver in the ACI-37M enables it to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming in addition to standard noise jamming modes. In the DRFM mode, the ACI-37M manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the NRV-27 may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the doppler shift of the transmitted signal. The combination of sensitive and precise passive monitors paired with directional active countermeasures improves the survivability of the Corvus platform by a significant margin.

Builder: ACI Luftwerks
Role: Anti-helicopter and gunship

Crew: 2 (pilot, gunner)

Blades:
Main rotor: 10 (2 heads, 5 blades each)
Tail rotor: None

Rotor diameter: 14.5 meters

Wing span: 6.5 meters

Length:
Rotors turning: 16 meters
Fuselage: 9 meters

Height:
Gear extended: 5.23 meters
Gear retracted: 4 meters

Cargo Compartment Dimensions: Negligible

Engines: 2x 3,000-shp

Weight:
Maximum Gross: 17,500 kg
Normal Takeoff: 13,500 kg
Empty: 10,500 kg

Standard Payload: External weapons load: 3,500 kg on 4 under-wing stores points and 2 wingtip hardpoints.

Speed:
Maximum: 350 km/h
Cruise: 280 km/h
Sideward: 150+ km/h
Rearward: 150+ km/h

Turn Rate: unlimited

Max “G” Force: +3.5 to +4 g

Ceiling:
Service: 6,500 meters
Hover (out of ground effect): 5,000 meters
Hover (in ground effect): 6,500 meters

Vertical Climb Rate: 15 m/s

Range (km):
Maximum Load: 5 hours flight time
Normal Load: 6 hours flight time
With Aux Fuel: Not Determined

Armament:

1x 33x120mm CA.33 Chain Gun, 1,200 rounds

Underwing hardpoints:
• 82mm rockets (20 per pod)
• 57mm rockets (45 per pod)
• ATGM mounts 6 (Panzerschreck) per mount)
• Air-to-Air missiles (4)
• Gun pod: 15.7mm minigun
• Gun pod: 40mm grenade launcher

Wingtip hardpoints:
• Air-to-Air missiles (2)
• ATGM mount (2, Panzerschreck)

[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | The Luftwaffe | Long Range Aviation[/size][/center][/b]

Long Range Aviation is the branch of the Luftwaffe tasked with long-range bombardment of strategic targets with conventional and nuclear weaponry.

[img]http://img155.imageshack.us/img155/7507/arkbirdeh2.jpg[/img]
Name: GLI-133 Ank'ríat
Type: Super Heavy Bomber
Length: 101m
Wingspan: 117.16m
Height: 25.3m
Empty Weight: 230,000 kilograms
Loaded Weight: 449,310 kilograms
Maximum Take-Off Weight: 572,330 kilograms
Power Plant: Six F101-GE-102 augmented turbofans
Maximum Velocity: 1,050 kph
Cruise Velocity: 870 kph
Range: Unlimited
Service Ceiling: 16,000 meters
Armament: six external hardpoints for 59,000 lb (27,000 kg) of ordnance and 5 internal bomb bays for 75,000 lb (34,000 kg) of ordnance.
Defenses:
Two internal 'Artus' cylindrical mini-missile close-in weapon system
Crew: 5
Procurement Cost: 1.7 billion
Planned Production: 10

[img]http://img90.imageshack.us/img90/8676/bomber2mp.jpg[/img]

Name: GLI-122 "Blitz" Bombers
Produced: 20 Squadrons
Type: Advanced Heavy Long Range Supersonic Multi-Role Bomber
Crew: 4 (aircraft commander, pilot, offensive systems officer and defensive systems officer)
Length: 92.75m
Wingspan: 89.25m extended forward[20 degrees]; 66.25m swept aft [60 degrees]
Height: 22m
Propulsion: 6x Aerone Model 555 VBPC Afterburning Turbofans
Engine Rating (Dry): 226kN (23,000 kgf)
Engine Rating (Afterburner): 245kN (25,000 kgf)
Empty Weight: 170,000kg
Maximum Take-Off Weight: 425,000kg
Minimum Fuel Weight: 160,000kg
Maximum Fuel Weight: 230,000kg
Six External Pylons: 5000kg Each; Wet

Three Internal Weapon Bays:
Length: 7.5m
Width: 4m
Height: 1.2m
Payload: 20,000kg Each
Re/Movable Bulkheads?: Yes
Wet?: Yes, 18,500kg Tanks [In place of weapons]
Normal Payload: 60,000kg
Maximum Payload: 90,000kg
Normal Combat Weight: 400,000kg
Maximum Combat Weight: 420,000kg
Thrust-to-Weight Ratio[Combat Weight, Dry]: .345:1
Min Combat Range [max payload]: 3,000km
Median Combat Range [60 tonne payload] 7,250km
Maximum Combat Range [20 tonne payload, max fuel]: 12,000km
Ferry Range: 21,000km
Service Ceiling: 18,000m
Initial Rate of Climb: 60m/s
Airstrip take-off run: 2200m
Airstrip landing: 1900m
Cruise Speed: Mach .85 [1,010km/h]
Maximum Speed: Mach .9 [1,070km/h @ Sea Level], Mach 1.5 [1591km/h @ altitude]
Stall Speed: ?
In-flight Refueling?: Yes
Oxygen Generation?: Yes

[b]Avionics: [/b]

AN/APG-525 LPI Phased Array Multi-Function Radar ( Maximum search range of fighter-sized targets is estimated at 270 kilometers – however, the AN/PSI-7 may increase this range to 450 kilometers)

[b]Next Generation Stealth Bomber Airframe[/b]

[Stealth and Bomber Airframe]

The unique shape and airframe design reflects this concern in a profound manner. The bomber has no vertical surfaces, and the angles incorporated on all horizontal leading and trailing edges are kept as different as possible, thereby dumping the reflected RF energy to the bomber’s port and starboard sectors. This results in large, but narrow RADAR signature spikes that are extremely difficult to track effectively. Both bombers exhibits a high degree of wing/body blending, which provides desirable aerodynamic characteristics such as improved lift, while also reducing RCS by allowing electrical surface currents to flow over the surfaces without interruption.

The sharp wing sweep increases the amount by which RF energy is shifted away from the forward sector. However, the resulting configuration leads to the possibility of "traveling waves", RF energy flowing on the skin of an object, to be set up. These waves can re-radiate a great deal of RF energy if they meet discontinuities such as seams, gaps or changes in surface material. To attenuate the issue, the bombers mission adaptive wing was used and all other discontinuities were either eliminated or sealed off with electrically conducting material. Ultimately, the traveling waves meet an unavoidable discontinuity, where the structure physically ends, but the amount of re-radiated RF energy is minimized by the extensive use of RF absorbers on the bomber’s skin. Other physical features have been redesigned so as to provide much less RF reflection, such as the S-curvature of the intake ducts.

Both Luftwaffe bombers makes extensive use of an advanced RF absorbing material known as Schiff base salt. Derived from research by Carnegie-Mellon University, the material, which is a fine black powder physically resembling graphite, consists of a long chain of carbon atoms with alternating double and single bonds and a nitrogen atom interrupting the string near one end. The chain carries a positive charge, associated largely with the nitrogen atom. A negatively charged 'counterion,' made up of varying composition depending on the specific salt, sits nearby, weakly connected to the chain. The counterion prefers to sit in one of two locations near the chain. A single photon easily dislodges the counterion from one location and forces it into the other. A short time later, the molecule relaxes, and the counterion returns to its original position. Notably, certain salts required a very small amount of energy to shift the counterion - they could be triggered by RADAR energy of certain frequencies. As a result, the Schiff base salts are able to absorb radio waves, and dissipate the energy as heat. This unique property is fully exploited in both bomber’s construction - a mixture of salts tuned to surveillance frequency bands most often employed by air to air RADAR systems (X, L, etc.) are dissolved in the bomber’s bismelmide resin skin and aerogel chambers. The SBS class of materials is additionally 90% lighter than previous-generation ferromagnetic absorbers, and extremely inexpensive to fabricate.

Supplementing the SBS in reducing RCS is an epoxyide applied to the airframe that reduces RADAR return through the use of non-organic microparticle absorbers embedded in the resin binder. Production of the material begins by coating 5-75 micron alumina spheres with a thin layer of silver and exposing the particles to selenium vapor at high temperature. The selenium reacts with the silver coating, which forms a film of silver selenide over the alumina sphere. This is loaded into the epoxyide matrix on a weight ratio of 1:1, which serves to enhance structural strength. Comprehensive studies into the absorptive qualities of the epoxyide appliqué indicate phenomenal performance – the silver selenide coated microparticles were found to reduce RCS by an astounding 20-25 decibels across the radio frequency range of 5-20 GHz. Also, the appliqué material shields the RADAR-transparent skin from being illuminated by hostile transmitters.

[center][img]http://img809.imageshack.us/img809/8360/theta.jpg[/img][/center]

[b]Development:[/b]

The Theta-Class Transport is a Light Cargo Plane transport with vertical and short take off and landing capability (VSTOL) designed exclusively for the Empire. The Imperial Department of Research and Development began in the year 2010, with the first delivery reaching the Imperial Navy and Airforce three years later.

[b]Engine:[/b]

The aircraft is equipped with four unique engines. The first two engines are provided from Santhe Aerospace Corporation. These two turbofan engines are equipped with two-dimensional vectored thrust nozzles providing 109 kN of thrust.

The other engines, which provide the VTOL, are also provided by Santhe Aerospace Corporation. These two turbojet engines are located behind the rear landing gear and provide 45 kN of thrust for vertical takeoff and landings.

[b]Cockpit Avionics:[/b]

The cockpit accommodates pilot and co-pilot. The digital avionics system has four multi-function cathode-ray tube displays, two full-capability HUDs, or Head-Up Displays, plus cargo systems. The quadruple-redundant electronic flight control system also has a mechanically-actuated backup system. There are two central processing computers, one Sundstrand data management computer and two air data computers.

The radar of the Aurora consist of a simple Radar with X-band (9,375 MHz) multi-mode frequency-agile pulse-Doppler radar, providing forward looking weather, terrain mapping and beacon homing with a range of two-hundred fifty kilometers.

[b]Cargo System:[/b]

The Theta-class Shuttle provides a unique setup.

* Troop transport - 25 troops
* Cargo - 5 metric tons of cargo
* VIP - 12 passengers and 1 metric ton of cargo

[b]Basic Statistics[/b]

* Length: 19.2 meters
* Width : 3.2 meters
* Wingspan : 19.5 meters
* Height: 5.4 meters
* Weight: 17.2 metric tons.

* Maximum speed: 810 kph
* Maximum speed: 530 kph, low altitude
* Service Ceiling: 12.8 km
* Maximum range: 2,222 km (with VTOL operation)
* Maximum range: 5,556 km (with runway takeoff and landing, light cargo)
* Maximum Take-Off Weight: 38.3 metric tons
* Maximum VTOL Weight: 28.6 metric tons

Wings on this aircraft can also be folded for easy storage on carriers and mobile offshore bases

Edited June 8, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | Air Defense Force[/size][/center][/b]

Air Defense Forces is a separate armed service given the mission of defending industrial, military, administrative centers, and the armed forces against strategic bombing.

[center][img]http://news.az/photos/page-photo/61800.jpg[/img][/center]
[center][b]Air Defenses:[/b][/center]

After the inadequate results of the last war, the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe decided to upgrade the Reich's Air Defense network to modern standards. The old system of lower, middle and upper tiers were done abolished alongside the old OTH-B and Bi-Static Phased Array RADARs. In their place, more advanced Active Electronically Scanned Array RADAR systems were built. By switching to AESA, the Air Defense Force is presented with a lot of advantages. For one, the defense network now has a Low Probability of Intercept, simply because AESA can change its frequency with every pulse, and generally does so using a pseudo-random sequence, integrating over time does not help pull the signal out of the background noise. Nor does the AESA have any sort of fixed pulse repetition frequency, which can also be varied and thus hide any periodic brightening across the entire spectrum. Traditional RWRs are essentially useless against AESA radars.

In addition to Low Probability of Intercept, AESA has high jamming resistance. For example, Traditionally, jammers have operated by determining the operating frequency of the radar and then broadcasting a signal on it to confuse the receiver as to which is the "real" pulse and which is the jammer's. This technique works as long as the radar system cannot easily change its operating frequency. When the transmitters were based on klystron tubes this was generally true, and radars, especially airborne ones, had only a few frequencies to choose among. A jammer could listen to those possible frequencies and select the one being used to jam.

Since an AESA changes its operating frequency with every pulse, and spreads the frequencies across a wide band even in a single pulse, jammers are much less effective. Although it is possible to send out broadband white noise against all the possible frequencies, this means the amount of energy being sent at any one frequency is much lower, reducing its effectiveness. In fact, AESAs can then be switched to a receive-only mode, and use these powerful jamming signals instead to track its source, something that required a separate receiver in older platforms.

AESA radars can be much more difficult to detect, and so much more useful in receiving signals from the targets, that they can broadcast continually and still have a very low chance of being detected. This allows such radar systems to generate far more data than traditional radar systems, which can only receive data periodically, greatly improving overall system effectiveness.

Eighty percent of the RADAR network will be mobile; while, the rest will be heavily defended systems. Of course, these stationary systems will have the capability to withdraw to retractable underground zones. Working in conjunction with these RADARs will be approximately ten thousand mobile surface to air missile systems for air craft and long range interception.

For surface installation protection, short ranged missiles and 35mm 6 barreled Metal Storm cannons are placed for cruise missile and various other interceptions.

Xenian Airborne Warning and Control Vehicle
[img]http://img372.imageshack.us/img372/8190/ec33d9px.jpg[/img]

Vehicle Type: Xenian
Class: Airborne Warning and Control Vehicle
Manufacturer: Focke Aerospace
Crew: Typically 17 (four flight crew and 13 mission crew) however additional crew may be added as necessary. Breakdown is as follows:
Two pilots
1 navigator
1 flight engineer
1 tactical director
3 fighter directors
5 surveillance operators
2 communication operators
1 radar technician
1 computer display technician

[b]Statistical Data[/b]

LENGTH: 48.5 m
WINGSPAN: 35.00 m
HEIGHT: 9.4 m at tail
WEIGHT: 55,000 kg empty.
CARGO: In addition to the sensor equipment, the EC-33 can hold up to 500 cu ft and 20,000 kg.
POWER PLANT: 4 x Santhe L-1 400 kW generators
ENGINE THRUST 4 x Santhe BR715-C1-50 turbofan engines mounted in pairs on either side of the tail. Each engine provides 28,000-lbf (124.5 kN) of thrust.
FUEL CAPACITY: 24,350 US gal (92,175 liters)
MAXIMUM SPEED: 913 kph (567 mph)
ON-STATION SPEED: 606 kph (377 mph)
STALL SPEED: 215 kph (134 mph)
CLIMB RATE: 1025 m/min (33363 ft/min)
CEILING: 15,241 m (50000 ft)
ON-STATION ALTITUDE: 10,668 m (35000 ft)
DESIGNED G LIMITS: +4.0/-2.5 (Computer overrides at 2.5g)
RANGE (on station at a radius of 1,852 nm): 12 hours -- 22 hours with air refueling
STANDARD EQUIPMENT FOR THE Xenian:
ACTIVE SENSOR JAMMER WESTINGHOUSE ALQ-250(V): internal ECM providing broadband protection. Estimated system effective radiative power 60 dBW.
AUTO-PILOT: The Xenian is equipped with a computerized auto-pilot, allowing the pilot to relax or even sleep during long voyages. The auto- pilot can be programmed with a single destination or a complex flight plan involving multiple speeds, directions, and destinations.

CHAFF AND FLARE DISPENSERS AN/ALE-55: 120 chaff and 120 flares are stored in rear of the Xenian

COMBAT COMPUTER IBM-210: The combat computer tracks and identifies specific enemy targets, and has a database of over 10,000 images stored in memory. The computer can identify and track up to 250 targets simultaneously

COMMUNICATION JAMMER: Designed to detect, analyze, monitor, and/or jam voice and data link signals

INFRA-RED WARNING RECEIVER OLDELFT (IRWR): Providing rear aspect protection from IR guided missiles

HOMING SIGNAL: In case of a crash of the vehicle, the Xenian is equipped with a homing device that enables rescue teams to locate a disabled craft or ejected life pod.

LASER TARGETING SYSTEM: Range: 100 miles (160 km). Used for increased accuracy in the striking of enemy targets which is then passed to friendly units.
objects by their IR reflectiveness. The beam will be visible to anyone with IR sensitive optics, however.

OPTICS (NIGHTVISION): 50 km range. A passive light image intensifier that emits no light of its own, but relies on ambient light which is electronically amplified to produce a visible picture.

OPTICS (THERMAL IMAGER): 50 km range. A passive optical heat sensor that detects infrared radiation projected by warm objects and converts
that data into a false-color visible image. The system enables the pilot to see in the dark, in shadows, and through smoke.

RADAR-SURVEILLANCE WESTINGHOUSE AN/APY-4 (Block-20): Multi-mode Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) . The radar can operate in both low-PRF pulsed modes to detect long-range targets beyond the horizon or high-PRF modes to detect all-altitude targets out to the radar line of sight. Mounted on top of the aircraft which rotates at 6 rpm when in use, the AN/APY-4 is a liquid-cooled phased array radar with an estimated effective radiative power 115 dBW. Nominal detection of 0 dBsm targets out to 600 km. The system has the capability to operate as a radar jammer providing broadband protection using the full radiative power of the system.

RADAR-SYNTHETIC APERTURE AM/AP-110 RADAR: Detection range against 0 dBsm (small vehicle) out to 220 km. System consists of two electronically-scanned conformal antenna on the top of the main body in front of the AN/APY-3/4 AP-110 has 30 separate modes including the capability of operating as a moving target indicator (MTI) or as a synthetic aperture radar which allows the system to paint a picture of ground based targets to aid in targeting and thus enhancing weapon accuracy.

RADAR-TARGET WESTINGHOUSE AN/APG-95: X-band pulse Doppler radar used for target ID and target quality tracks which could be passed to friendly units. Detection range against 0 dBsm target 200 km. System consists of a single electronically-scanned antenna mounted in the nose.

RADAR WARNING RECEIVER AN/ALR-80 (RWR): Providing all aspect broadband protection from RF guided missiles.

RADIO/VIDEO COMMUNICATION: Long range, directional communications system with satellite relay capabilities. Range: 600 miles (960 km) or can be boosted indefinitely via satellite relay.

Xenian Electronic Warfare Aircraft
[img]http://img372.imageshack.us/img372/8190/ec33d9px.jpg[/img]

Vehicle Type: Xenian - EWAC
Class: Electronic Warfare Aircraft
Manufacturer: Focke Aerospace
Crew: Typically 17 (four flight crew and 13 mission crew) however additional crew may be added as necessary. Breakdown is as follows:
Two pilots
1 navigator
1 flight engineer
1 tactical director
3 fighter directors
5 surveillance operators
2 communication operators
1 radar technician
1 computer display technician

[b]Statistical Data[/b]

LENGTH: 48.5 m
WINGSPAN: 35.00 m
HEIGHT: 9.4 m at tail
WEIGHT: 55,000 kg empty.
CARGO: In addition to the sensor equipment, the EC-33 can hold up to 500 cu ft and 20,000 kg.
POWER PLANT: 4 x Santhe L-1 400 kW generators
ENGINE THRUST 4 x Santhe BR715-C1-50 turbofan engines mounted in pairs on either side of the tail. Each engine provides 28,000-lbf (124.5 kN) of thrust.
FUEL CAPACITY: 24,350 US gal (92,175 liters)
MAXIMUM SPEED: 913 kph (567 mph)
ON-STATION SPEED: 606 kph (377 mph)
STALL SPEED: 215 kph (134 mph)
CLIMB RATE: 1025 m/min (33363 ft/min)
CEILING: 15,241 m (50000 ft)
ON-STATION ALTITUDE: 10,668 m (35000 ft)
DESIGNED G LIMITS: +4.0/-2.5 (Computer overrides at 2.5g)
RANGE (on station at a radius of 1,852 nm): 12 hours -- 22 hours with air refueling
STANDARD EQUIPMENT FOR THE Xenian:
ACTIVE SENSOR JAMMER WESTINGHOUSE ALQ-250(V): internal ECM providing broadband protection. Estimated system effective radiative power 60 dBW.

The Xenian EWAC is a modification to the Xenian AWAC in Luftwaffe service. While it has been stripped of all other devices minus the long range RADAR systems, it has been equipped with the following:

COMMUNICATION JAMMER: Designed to detect, analyze, monitor, and/or jam voice and data link signals. The communication's jammer also has cyber attack capabilities where the AESA radar is used to insert tailored data streams into remote systems.

ADN-2 Infrared Jammer: Designed to detect and jam incoming IR missiles. In order to preserve stealth characteristics, transparent lens covers manufactured from selectively permeable plastic serves to shield the device from RADAR visibility when not in use. The system is capable of jamming multiple IR and UV frequencies simultaeneously to provide improved performance.

EOCM-6: Designed to detect and jam passive systems such as TV/FLIR automatic trackers

NVR-28: A long range modification to the Lu-65 and Lu-67 NVR-27. NRV-28 is able to engage in DRFM (digital radio frequency memory) jamming in addition to standard noise jamming modes. In the DRFM mode, the Xenian EWAC manipulates received radar energy and retransmits it to change the return the hostile RADAR sees. This technique serves to provide conflicting and confusing information for enemy interpretation. For example, the NRV-28 may change the range the transmitter detects through alterations in the delay in pulse transmission or the velocity the radar detects by changing the doppler shift of the transmitted signal.

NVR-30 Jamming Suite: The NVR-30 RADAR Jamming Suite is capable of Spot jamming, Sweep jamming, Barrage Jamming, and Base jamming.

[b]Lu-27 Condor Interceptor[/b]

Statistics:

Type: Interceptor
Crew: 1 (Pilot)
Wing span: 17.1m
Length: 36.7m
Height: 5.52m
Empty weight: 26,761.9kg
Weapon payload: 1,000kg
Fuel weight: 26,756 kg
Combat Weight: 56,194 kg
Maximum take-off weight: 77,110 kg
Type: 2x Lu-67j-N13 Turbofan-Ramjet Hybrid
Maximum speeds:
1.3 Mach @ Sea level
5.01+ Super cruise
>5.35 @ maximum
Climb rate: 28,000 meters per minute
Maximum altitude: 45,720 m
Internal Bay Pylons: 2
Internal Bay limit: 750 kg each
Airstrip take-off run: 400m
Airstrip landing: >350m
Combat range: 3,600 nautical miles [without refueling]
G load limits: >17g
In-flight Refueling?: yes
Oxygen Generation?: yes
Production costs: 210 million
Price: 320 million USD per unit

[b]Airframe[/b]

The interest in high quality airframes began with the developement of the Lu-45 Hawk, and although the GLI-76 Falcon truly did not offer quite an advancement, the order for the Lu-27 did return a certain excitement in further developements with aircraft airframes. Macabee engineers, already with projects behind them that saw the continued expansion of airframe technologies, had the necessary backgrounds to shatter obstacles set before them and again shock the world with all new materias and proportions. In the end, the airframe casted on the Lu-27 is perhaps the most ingenious and well designed to date, although inherently one of the most expensive as well. Monetary issues nonwithstanding, the new airframe should be able to withstand the heat of up to Mach 10 flight, although the aircraft is only expected to fly at Mach 5.5 maximum. The airframe has also taken a turn from one that revolved around maximum stealth, to one that focused on speed and possibilities to continously increase the maximum speed without necessarilly increasing the size of the engines. There was also a turn from metal based alloys to cheaper and lighter plastics although metal alloys and their high conductivity still find an important role in Macabee aircraft manufacturing.

The Condor's ribs are constructed from titanium alloys. The original titanium ribs proposed for the first prototype encountered extreme corrosion and thermal cracking which would become only more apparent in higher velocities, and thus higher thermal settings. There were several techniques to generally increase the ability of titanium to do its job, including to increase the surface oxide film thickness through thermal oxidation, anodically polarizing titanium through galvanic coupling, applying metal oxides to the coatings and alloying titanium with molybdenum, something that has not been made commercially available just yet. The results were a spectacular increase in resistance against general corrosion, pitting and stress-corrosion cracking. Pitting being localized corrosion due to exposure of the metal to the open and stress-corrosion cracking defined as cracking under certain stresses and heat. It's easy to say that the Condor's ribs are perfectly capable of handling the job of holding the airframe together and are some of the strongest currently available for aerospace application. The increased production, especially during any eventual refitting of the Lu-45 Hawk, should make these ribs commercially available rather soon, especially under always advancing manufacturing techniques. The same titanium alloy accounts for thirty-nine percent [39%] of the superstructure's components.

Twenty-three percent [23%] of the airframe is composed of a series of different thermosets. All thermosets laid before the project were commercially available, and in the end the two chosen were polyterimide and polybenzothiazole [don't]. Both were chosen for their extreme heat resistance characteristics which would be rather important for the super structure of the aircraft. Both are reinforced primarily by polycarbonate which accounts for even higher heat resistance, while in strategic locations polymer resins also make an appearance. The sister of thermosets, thermoplastics, makes up only one percent [1%] of the aircraft due to the general superiority of thermosets in the ultramodern aerospace industry. There's absolutely no chance that thermoplastics will make a reappearance in airframe technology unless some new thermopolymer is introduced with breathtaking advantages over some newer thermosets. Underneath the thermosets, and making up the majority of the inner walls of the superstructure for a whooping fifteen percent [15%] of the Condor is Rene N6, which made an appearance with the Lu-45 Hawk. The final twenty-two percent [22%] of the airframe is made of hardened steel and other, minor, ingredients that make up links, joints, nuts and bolts, as well as other smaller, but nonetheless vital parts of the aircraft.

The substructure begins at the crest at the back of the aircraft, providing for the majority of the carbon-epoxy used in the substructure. The substructure of the nose of the aircraft is fully aluminum in nature, while the center of the body is constructed of titanium to account for where the engines are placed and where most of the heat occurs. Aluminum accounts for outside areas in the substructure, as well as parts of the back of the substructure. Hardened steel also makes an appearance for the undercarriage of the aircraft where the landing gear is located. The substructure being vital for the survivability of the superstructure, understandably the primary hardened locations of it are under areas of most pressure to avoid a scar in the superstructure. In fact, during the first flight over Arras the substructure near the front of the afterburner tore, collapsing the superstructure and skin of the aircraft causing the end of the prototype to tear off and sending it, in a fire ball, into the dirt some forty thousand meters below.

Most of the aircraft's skin is constructed from carbon-epoxy and titanium; nineteen percent [19%] and twenty-one percent [21%] respectively. The former was used in sheets with the coefficient of thermal expansion being 2.1 for both longitudinal and transverse expansion, with a low compressive strain of .8%, offering itself to be a cheap but resilient composite material for use on the Lu-27 Condor, one of the principal design objectives for the Lu-27 Condor. Thirty-one percent [31%] yet remains aluminum however; specifically, a NiAl superalloy [Nickel based aluminum superalloy]; with twenty-nine percent [29%], or the rest, being a mixture of other components and hardened steel. The skin is laminated on the outside with carbon fiberglass for the sake of more heat resistance, and less important, stealth. Although stealth was never a big goal on the Condor, simply because the velocities achieved don't consider stealth within themselves - thus explaining the decision not to coat it with radar absorbent materials - it was thought that the foreign market and the Empire itself would appreciate the at least limited considerations to stealth.

The air inlets are located on the narrow nose of the Condor. The inner tube doesn't curve at all to allow better flow of air and gasses, and since the engines are rather large, and on the wings, the exposed engines are really irrelevent to the design of the air intakes. The inlets are foward facing, with the outer tubes laminated in a nickel based aluminum alloy to deal both with heat problems and the intense friction of the passing air and gasses. The idea behind the new manufacturing of the lamination is that it's largely modular, allowing the lamination to be replaced easily and inexpensively every fifty flights on average. The air intakes include a one stage diffuser/dual mode and a thermal shroud.

In a general overview the airframe of the Lu-27 Condor has been tested with fly-by-optics testing over Arras, past the three prototypes, and within heat intense testing windtunnels and other rooms, to withstand up to one thousand four hundred degrees celcius of heat, which is rather revolutionary when considering that the Lu-45 Hawk was designed with the then highest rating of one thousand one hundred and twenty degrees celcius of heat resistance. In fact, the Condor has proven to be quite the step ahead in airframe technology and is likely to be the basis of future Lu and GLI designs.

[b]Wing Design:[/b]

In the simplist of explenations, the general theory on the formation of the wings was to go with what offered the best velocity without much overcomplication, although complication is the nature of the Condor regardless. For those reasons the Lu-27 Condor uses what in essense is a delta wing design, although much like the engine, it has been merged with a newer, more unknown design, the waverider wing design. The merging of the two should provide unbeknownst velocities when coupling with engine power; it's to say, the ability for the Condor to make the record for the fastest interceptor in service will be made a whole lot easier. Another major objective set by the Laerihans was the ability for supermanuevarability. Although the pure form of the latter was never reached, even with the entrance of the Condor into history, the design of the wings does give a considerable step foward for supermanueverability.

The wing from the top view looks like a standard, but enlarged, delta wing which has had considerable success in high supersonic flight. The key difference is under the wing, where the design is conically derived. To illustrate it with words before the engine there's a conical shock bump, which launches the airflow over a conically designed encasement for the engines. This leads to a cowl under the engine, which in turn sends the airflow through a series of plumes. The wings have been proven for flight at Mach 25, but since the Condor is not meant for such velocity there should be little issue regarding its ability to reach Mach 5.5 with the wings - which is a low hypersonic velocity. Apart from the shapin, the rest of the wings and the airfoils are rather thin for better supersonic and hypersonic velocity; nonetheless, the conical shock bumps should provide for maximum lift in hypersonic travel, although it should also help to make the aircraft somewhat ugly.

The wings are constructed with titanium alloy ribs, following that of the main airframe, while the substructure is constructed from high intensity thermosets and aluminum. The superstructure is crafted from thermosets, thermoplastics and aluminum, while the skin is constructed purely from carbon-epoxy and some aluminum parts. The airfoils are constructed out of CMSK-11B, a single crystal (SX) superalloy, which is also one of the most used superalloys to increase firing temperatures which result in thermal effecciency improvement. The airfoils mostly follow the rather conventional double slotted flap and leading edge flap concept, which have proven superior to any other more simplistic flaps such as the zap design or just the plain design. The wing stalls were moved to the roots of the wing to move the center of gravity, and therefore allowing more manueverability during stalling, meaning the angle of attack [AOA] has increased considerably, although the pilot still remains the 'weakest link'.

Nonetheless, the aircraft should be capable of quasi-supermanueverability, or at least very good manueverability, and the wing design should prove to be able to increase the velocity handled by the engines and by the aircraft proper. Indeed, the Condor may very well lead international engineers towards new wing designs and it might be first of a kind, although it all comes with a cost.

[b]Tail Design:[/b]

The tail design is rather conservative and simple. The substructure of the tail is constructed from both carbon-epoxy and titanium alloy, of similar manufacturing as the one used for the rest of the aircraft, including the aircraft's ribs. The titanium is principally the bottom part of the tail to provide structural strength, while the idea of building the upper parts of carbon epoxy is to provide some sort of elasticity and the ability for the tail to 'warp', which arguable gives the aircraft somewhat more manueverability. The entire superstructure and skin of the tail is constructed out of carbon-epoxy and glass-polyimide, allowing for structural soundness and rather good resistance to fatigue and heat, as well as rudimentary protection of vital sensor and communication equipment located on them.

The tail design are two verticle stablilizers, each set at around sixty degrees and about fifty percent longer than those featured on the SR-71 design, although a bit more angled. There are two horizontal stablilizers as well for additional stability of the aircraft, although the sixty degree angles of attack and huge manuevers aren't really expected from this aircraft. Nonetheless, if needed it should be enough to stablilize the aircraft under most circumstances and offers more stability than the SR-71 and F-22 combined, although admittently it takes from the lessons learned on both aircraft.

The increased angle of the fins, apart from offering excellent aerodynamics that go with the general weird shape of the aircraft, also serve to block the heat radiation coming from the engines and should deflect radar at a greater angle of incident, making the plane incidently - har har, a play on words! - stealthier, although it's largely irrelevent, since it's moving at Mach 5 anyways. Regardless, limited stealth is always somewhat of an advantage in certain situations.

[b]Canard Design:[/b]

For the majority of modern aviation history the canards have been an element to reduce stall and spin, providing a very powerful resistance against the two. Historically the canards are put right under the fuselage, at least on airliners, but they were brought foward on military aircraft. Recently, the canard has been put a bit behind the nose of the aircraft because placing them behind the wing, which was before thought optimal, inherently limited the angle of attack and the velocity a plane could fly at. Fortunately, recent technologies, like the aforementioned movement of the canards almost fully foward will allow the Condor to reach the velocities required by its contractors. In the past months the VeriEze configuration used on designs conjured in the minds of those at Langley Research have been quantified to be stallproof, and this too was adopted by the Lu-27 Condor.

In short, the two canards are brought just behind the nose of the sleek, and long aircraft. The two canards are designed after thick high-life airfoils, which have proven superiority over standard swept aft wing canards. The outer wing of the canards droop a bit to avoid tip stalling eliminating any possibly rocketing of the wings during flight, therefore reducing possible G-forces in flight.

The canards substructure is entirely constructed of the usual titanium alloy, providing excellent ribs for the support of the canards and the possible forces that will be applied on it throughout flight. In short, it should make maintenance a whole lot easier. The superstructure is designed from a titanium metal matrix composite (Ti MMC), which ultimately make the canards very expensive, at around two hundred thousand Reichmarks per canard. Nonetheless, the canards are very resistance to everything, which is what was needed on the Lu-27 Condor. The skin is forged out of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics, crafted by melting resins and combining them in a mold along with reinforcing fibers. Although the skin is relatively cheap, unfortunately the introduction of Ti MMC set back price a bit, unfortunately.

[b]Further Manueverability:[/b]

With the new airframe design, canard design, wing design, tail design and the revolutionary new engine set up the Lu-27 Condor has really made a change for the better, leading the world in aerodynamic potential and offering a leap to the mythica concept ofl supermanueverability. Nonetheless, teaching an old dog new tricks, if you will, still does not add up to complete what the Condor requires, which is a level short of supermanueverability. The result was thrust vectoring, but like everything else there was a wide variety to choose from. The ultimate choice was CounterFlow Thrust Vectoring (CFTVC).

The two thrust jets were put right before the wing - about four centimeters -, and five centimeters up the airframe of the aircraft as for the flow of the CounterFlow thrust to not interfere with the flow of the air as the aircraft hit top supersunic velocities and even entered hypersonic speeds. Additional experimentation in Arras, following the expermentation done for the MAE program in the University of Buffalo, New York, proved that CFTVC was the superior thrust vectoring control design for these types of application, and during the fourth prototype's flight, the Condor preformed fantastically seemingly giving more credit to the powers of CFTVC technology.

With this said, the Condor can achieve tight manuevers in an enviroment of hypersonic air waves, allowing the Condor unprecedented control during flight and the ability to effective counter and destroy any extremely high altitude aircraft - from other interceptors to bombers. In short, the Lu-27 Condor has been given the ability to preform the role it was originally envisioned for - an extremely fast interceptor.

[b]Power Plant:[/b]

With a maximum velocity of Mach 5.5, or at least one that was theoritically possible, the engines were of prime importance and there were several historical examples that offered some basis for the design of the Condor's power plant. However, in the end with no early precedent that offered the velocity needed, with the effeciency needed, the Lu-27 Condor was forced to introduce an enhanced version of the turbojet-ramjet hybrid present on the SR-71. In the end, the only thing that could have possibly been done was the exchange from turbojet to turbofan and the 'purification' of the turbofan technology which would make the brunt of the improvements over the original design. The end product was dubbed Lu-67j-N13 hybrid turbofan-ramjet engines. In essense and in basic writing, the engines when the aircraft is stationary leaves the bypass doors open, with the spike inlet foward, with the tertiary doors open and the tailpipe vanes closed. The morphology into high velocity flight would include the inlet spike retracting then moving back foward for restart, and the tailpipe vanes fully open with the suck in doors closed.

Behind the spike inlet the engine, which is basically a glorified turbofan, has been enhanced to be much more effecient at high speeds. Instead of returning to blades, the engine has replaced them with blisks, or more accurately integrally bladed rotors, or IBRs. The blisk is basically a series of airfoils, or blades, attached to a rotor which is attached to the shaft of the engine, and it can be manufactured as a single piece, cutting manufacturing costs in the long run by a hefty amount. The IBR should increase aerodynamics and decrease total weight of the engines. Each airfoil is forged out of gamma tainium aluminide, originally forseen as a future evolution in aircraft turbine engine technology, and now made reality within the Lu-27 Condor. Gamma titanium aluminide, TiAl, is the base for an emerging class of low-cost, low-density alloys with unique properties. Gamma alloys are actually mixtures of the neighboring aluminide phases Ti3Al (alpha-two, hexagonal) and TiAl (gamma, tetragonal). The objectives, which were reached, in gamma alloy development was to increase ductility, oxidation resistance, tensile strength, creep resistance and porcessability. It's light weight characteristics should also ultimately aid in the increase of thrust from the same engine, which is a must in the developement of the Condor. The fans themselves are wide-chord, damperless blisks proven to enhance thrust on aircraft like the Dassault Falcon, which would only enhance high velocity engines like those on the Lu-27 Condor.

The blades are attached through carbon ceramics which provide effective design solutions for robust, axial inserted ceramic blade attachments for production turbines. Contact rig tests were performed during 2015 prototype testing in the Arras Technological Military and Space Exploration Center [ARTMASEC] in which the contact interface was simulated with a MIL-B type ceramic specimen, loaded with a radiused Astroloy indenter; the results were more than favourable, confirming that fast fracture strength was significantly degraded. The vanes were also designed out of ceramic composites with thin nickel based aluminum superalloy (Thymonel 8) airfoils, offering decreased stresses.

Another advance within expansion of the hybrid engine proper was the exchange of oil lubrication with a more advance form of lubrication. The two other possibilities were compressed air lubrication and magnetic lubrication. Foil air bearings would cause the spool shafts to ride along top compressed air, but the heavy load forces engineers to develope the technology further, something that could have taken up to another ten years; obviously, that wasn't an option. So, the second option was chosen instead, magnetic bearings. Although magnetic bearings have always been looked upon in disdain by more conservative engineers the advantages they offer are beyond obvious, and the same idea has been applied to heavier loads, such as tank turrets. As a consequence, magnetic bearings have become viable for engine aircraft and they make their very first appearance on the Lu-27 Condor. Finally, the engines proper have switched their alternators with integral starter-generators and electric actuators. The matured spool technology and the complete avoidance of hydraulics within the engine should allow for greater velocities and less weight.

In order to achieve the high efficiencies demanded of modern combined-cycle generating plants, it is necessary to operate the turbine with high turbine entry temperatures. Currently, gas temperatures at the cobustor exit are around thirteen thousand degrees celcius. The combed effect of thermal barrier coatings and efficient cooling configurations can ensure that metal temperatures remain acceptable with even higher gas temperatures. The proper coating was conceived from NiCrAlYSiTa, a vacuum plasma deposited coating and an air plasma coating. A secondary coating, CrAlYSITa was deposited by cauum plasma spraying.

To increase velocity when using the afterburners the engines also make use of parallel fluidic nozzles. Fixed-geometry fluidic nozzles are an attractive alternative to mechanical thrust-vectoring nozzles. These devices would selectively inject small jets of air or sheets of high-pressure air (bled from the compressor) into the nozzle’s main flow stream to change the nozzle’s flow area and direct the thrust as needed. Because fluidic nozzles would not have any moving parts in direct contact with the hot exhaust jet, they should eventually be much cheaper to design, pro-duce, and maintain. Even when not in afterburn fluidic nozzles should aid disproportionally in reaching hypersonic velocity, and achieving a possible transonic flight pattern.

In terms of thrust each engine produces fifty thousand pound force of thrust, considerably more than the engines of the SR-71, although considerably more expensive. The cost of each engine has been revealed to be around eleven million Reichmarks, meaning that the two engine configuration on the Condor will post the power plant alone at twenty-two million Reichmarks; a before thought ludicrous price, as each turbofan designed before was under five million Reichmarks in design and procurement cost. Nonetheless, with the engine specified, the velocity accounted for should very well be achieved, although gas exhaustion would be equally as costly, obviously.

[b]Armament Stores:[/b]

One of the trickiest parts to design was the internal hardpoints. External hardpoints were considered off limites for the mere fact that they would most likely be torn apart in the advent of high speed manuevers, or even high speed in general. As a consequence, the entire weapon load of the Condor is internal. This does limit, somewhat, the ability for the Condor to carry heavy amounts of weapons, but then again, the new generation aircraft put out by Kriegzimmer has been much more conservative in the amount of weapons carried, illustrated by the fact that the Falcon only carries six missiles, or two JDAMs, for a somewhat larger aircraft than the F-35. Nonetheless, weight, and keeping it low was the major issue for all Kriegzimmer aircraft. The Condor does not break away from this new Kriegzimmer motto.

The internal hardpoint is built into an internal bomb bay which has two rack pods, each built to carry two air to air missiles. The racks are inclined at negative fifteen degrees to give the missile a much cleaner free fall. In other words, the tip of the missile falls down first, avoiding the tearing of the fins on the AAM.176, the missile of choice for the interceptor. Therefore, inclued at negative fifteen degrees the Condor carries a load of four AAM.176s. Any other air to air missile can technically be carried, except if its longer than the rack's pods, but no more than four missiles, regardless of dimensions, can fit in the internal bay.

The internal hardpoints are designed to withstand 20G turns, although the Condor will never get close to that, seeing as though the G-suit worn by the pilots can only withstand 11Gs. Nonetheless, it does ensure the stability of the internal hardpoints when the bottom door opens. Otherwise, the inside would be torn apart; a problem in older missile designs.

[b]Cockpit and Avionics:[/b]

The cockpit is a single seat cockpit, with the seat slightly inclined to reduce the effect of G-force on the pilot. In front of the seat there's a wide array of screens that offer the pilot some of the best system configurations in the world. The largest screen is a transparent illumination crystal display that sits as a film screen between him/her and the cockpit's windshield. Information relayed to this screen have to do with brief flashes of incoming vampires or just detected bogies and bandits. Right under that is a primary multi-function display using a polychromatic liquid crystal display screen. It offers up to date information on the enviroment within radar and ladar range of the aircraft. Four up-front display systems laid out parallel to each other on the two extremes of the cockpit electronics panel are for the wellbeing of the aircraft. The pilot's wellbeing is tracked by the enviroment awareness module, which also keeps track of the nuclear, biological and chemical protection suites in the cabin. A final heads up display gives a 'god's eyes view' of the battlefield around them.

The pilot has several navigational aids, including a satellite based reality reproduction system, a hybrid navigational system, inertial navigation, tactical air navigational system and a terrain profiling and matching system. These navigational aids, in the end, help the pilot know where he is and when, especially useful when hitting the maximum velocities of the aircraft, which may exceed Mach 5.

He or she can control the armaments through the Stores Management System, and partiall through Communication/Navigation/Identification. Tied in with this latter system is the Identification, Friend or Foe, system. To maximize aircraft cooperation the Lu-27 mades handy its Intra-Flight Data Link and Joint Tactical Information Distribution System, which makes ultra velocity communication that much easier, which is vital for an aircraft like the Lu-27 Condor interceptor. All of this is centered at the Common Integrated Processor rated at two thousand million instructions per second, with signal processing rated at fifty billion operations per second. This is aided by the very high-speed integrated circuit technology, and separate modules.

Aircraft well being is regulated by the Engines Indicating and Crew Alerting System which senses engine failures and slow detonations. The airframe is checked through a central nervous system running between the substructure and the superstructure which regulates heat which tells the CIP whether or not the aircraft needs to slow down, which in turn warns the pilot. The electronics are upkeeped by the electronic flight instrumentation system.

All in all, the Condor fields a very powerful array of electronics. However, the principal component on the Condor is the helmet mounted display. The HMD is linked with the central processing unit through a fiber optic network of wiring, which in the end makes it a sixth sense for the highly trained pilots who work with the Condors. The system should increase reaction time, which is invaluable at such high velocities, and in the end should increase the effectivity of the avionics suit by at least threefold.

[b]Sensor Equipment:[/b]

The Condor has relatively simple sensor equipment because at the velocities flown the most acute sensor equipment simply wouldn't work; regardless it's very radar heavy. The nose of the aircraft is occupied by an electronically scanned array, with wide bandwidth, while using less volume and prime power. Average ratings rate the range at three hundred kilometers for non-stealth detection. To update the image of the battlefield to the EFIS system [check avionics] the Condor fields an Inverse Synthetic Aperture radar. Both radar systems offer the Lu-27 a sensor suite that is capable of advance warning on its own, although it does receive a lot of aid from other subsensors, such as lidar and ladar, all linked together through the Imperial Radio Detection and Ranging Central Nervous System and the central sensor system.

There’s also a series of LIDAR sensor systems installed throughout the aircraft, including a single down-looking LIDAR system underneath the nose of the Hawk. There are also two wide LIDAR apertures on the front and end of the aircraft, located in hidden pockets to reduce RCS. All three LIDAR systems work similarly, and they all incorporate Luftkrieg’s second generation LIDAR technology. The Hawk’s system is based on a transponder and receiver, beside that of the IFF transponder, which uses a Gaussian transmitter system to transmit LIDAR waves. The Gaussian transmitter is based on two electrical fields sending electrically charged photonic waves to bounce off targets and have active measurements on its velocity and location. The advantage of this LIDAR system is that the active RADAR only needs to gain a location on an object once before the LIDAR can take over, meaning a bomber can turn off its active RADAR to reduce its signature. The Albatross’ LIDAR uses Doppler LIDAR in order to keep track of an object’s velocity, as well as a LIDAR range finder. The missile’s heterodyne-reception optical RADAR uses a standard configuration [transmitter laser > exit optics > atmospheric propagation path > target] and [photodetector > photocurrent processing > image processing / BermCombiner/ local oscillator entrance optics]. The Silencer's transmitter is a Casegrainian telescope, which works much like the photonic mast on an ultra-modern submarine.

The Condor has a foward sensing heterodyne pulse ladar with a rough range of around seventy kilometers for last minute detection. From the standpoint of the systems engineer, the most meaningful criteria which can be applied to an optical radar are those which, for a specific operational task, define the relative probabilities of recording the real and false targets. The arrival of photons either from a radiating source or as the result of a target reflection can be classified as being both individually and collectively at ranom. Optical Doppler sensing using the highly coherent gas laser in an optical heterodyne system has been accomplished using moving mirrors over significant path lengths where most of the engieering problems involved are by now farily well under control. Within the Condor the model of a heterodyne-detection radar has an optics transmitter [Gaussian transmitter], protected by the filter, whic his sent to the detector, processing circuits and then to the central computer to make the ultimate decision for reality. In terms of complexity, this is much for complex than an energy-detection radar, but at the same time more accurate.

In conclusion, the sensor system on the Lu-27 Condor has designed for the aircraft, and this aircraft alone, and the coupling of lidar, ladar and radar will have its merits in the end to make the proper sensor system for the aircraft.

[b]Countermeasures:[/b]

The Condor has two electronic warfare systems, the Advance Integrated Defensive Electronic Countermeasure System and the electronic counter-measure system. The former uses noise jamming, deception jamming, and blip enhancement, while the latter is more a threat management system. A third system, the Electronic Warfare, is a manual dispension program for the pilot. The Lu-27 Condor is more designed to counter high altitude surface to air missiles, anti-sattelite missiles and air to air missiles from bombers or fellow interceptors. The jamming systems include a broadband radar jammer and a multi-node optical jammer dubbed 'Ajax' and 'Menelaus', respectively. This built in electronic warfare countermeasure system should provide the Condor with enough to avoid enemy missiles at such high velocities.

A belly dispenser holds seventy-five flare sticks for older, and even newer, infra-red targetting missiles while a sister dispenser holds sixty units of chaff, giving the Condor more than it needs of standard countermeasure utilities.

Manufacturing Technology Status on Ti MMC
Many fabrication processes exist that can meet the component fabrication need for advanced aerospace applications in Kriegzimmer. In order to focus the manufacturing infrastructure on a common approach for the near term fan applications, the TMCTECC team has worked with the Kriegzimmer sponsored High Preformance Composites (HPC) program to devleope baseline specifications for older and newer titanium matrix composites. These sepcifications are for green (unconsolidated) monotape and consolidated mill product. TMCTECC and HPC believes the key to establishing a high volume Ti MMC market is to agree to common material forms and common specifications.

One way TMCTECC will be able to implement Ti MMC into fan and airframe components is by using the strengths of integrated product team philosophy. The designers, Ti MMC material suppliers, and component fabricators are working together to develop the optimum component based on performance, fabricability and cost. For Luftkrieg to replace the current bill of material Ti products, the cost of the Ti MMC containing component must be less than the production model. TO achieve this while using $1100 per kilogram Ti MMC material, the designer must understand how to maximize the composite benefits while minimizing its volume in the aircraft component. This leads the team to selecting simple shapes with little associated scrap during the fabrication process. With this approach, Luftkrieg is projecting a 30% cost savings compared with the components being replaced.

[b]Technology:[/b]

[b]RIM-703 Long Range Ballistic Missile Interceptor[/b]

Status In Service
Primary Mission Exo-Atmospheric Ballistic Missile Interceptor
Secondary Mission Ultra Long Range Surface to Air Missile
Length: 6.50 meters (Kill Vehicle); 8.50 meters (Missile); 2.50 meters (Booster); .50 meter (Cold Launch Booster)
Length Overall: 18.00 meters
Diameter: 1.00m (KV), 1.20 meters (Missile), 1.20 meters (Booster/CLB)
Wingspan: 1.40 meters (Missile)
Weight: 2,500kg (KV) 7,500 kg (missile); 2,500 kg (booster)
Warhead: Kinetic Energy Warhead with 50kg HE Secondary
Stages: 4
Speed: Mach 8
Max Ceiling: 560,000 meters @ 250km
Max Range: 1,250km @ 27,000 meters
Max Slant Range/Ceiling: 280km Ceiling @ 760km Range
Guidance: Active X-band radar homing [SARH and HOJ secondary modes], imaging infrared seeker, encrypted two-way data uplink for course corrections
Booster Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket
Main Stage Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring
KV Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring

[b]RIM-702 Ultra Long Range Surface to Air [/b]Missile

Primary Mission Ultra-Long Range Surface to Air Missile
Secondary Mission Exo-Atmopsheric Ballistic Missile Interceptor
Length: 3.50 meters (Kill Vehicle); 5.50 meters (missile); 1.00 meter (Booster) .50 meter (Cold Launch Booster)
Length Overall: 10.00 meters
Diameter: .533m
Wingspan: 1.57 meter
Weight: 800kg (KV); 1250kg (Missile), 350kg (Booster), 250 kg (CLB)
Warhead: Kinetic Energy Warhead with 100kg CR Secondary
Stages: 4
Speed: Mach 6
Max Ceiling: 250,000 meters @ 200km
Max Range: 800km @ 27,000 meters
Max Slant Range/Ceiling: 160,000 meter Ceiling @ 500km Range
Guidance: Active X-band radar terminal homing [SARH and HOJ secondary modes], imaging infarred seeker, encrypted two-way data uplink for course corrections
Booster Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket
Missile Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring
KV Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring

[b]RIM-701 Long Range Surface to Air Missile[/b]

Primary Mission Long Range Surface to Air Missile
Secondary Mission Endo-Atmospheric Ballistic Missile Interception
Length: 5.50 meters (missile/KV); 1.00 meter (Solid Rocket Booster); .50 meter (Cold Launch Booster)
Length Overall: 7.00 meters
Diameter: .533 (Missile) .533 meters (CLB/Booster)
Wingspan: 1.57 meter
Weight: 1250kg (Missile), 350kg (Booster), 250 kg (CLB)
Warhead: Kinetic Energy Warhead with 50kg CR Secondary
Stages: 3
Speed: Mach 3.5
Max Ceiling: 40,000 meters @ 100km
Max Range: 500,000 meters @ 13,000 meters
Max Slant Range/Ceiling: 33,000 meter Ceiling @ 350km Range
Guidance: Active X-band radar terminal homing [SARH and HOJ secondary modes], imaging infra-red seeker, encrypted two-way data uplink for course corrections
Booster Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring
Missile Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring

[b]RIM-700 Medium Range Surface to Air Missile[/b]

Primary Mission Medium Range Surface to Air Missile
Secondary Mission: Short Range Anti-Shipping Missile
Length: 3.00 meters (missile/KV); 1.00 meter (Solid Rocket Booster); .50 meter (Cold Launch Booster)
Length Overall: 4.50 meters
Diameter: .34 (Missile) .34 meters (CLB/Booster)
Wingspan: 1.57 meters
Weight: 750kg (Missile), 200kg (Booster), 150 kg (CLB)
Warhead: Kinetic Energy Warhead with 10kg CR Secondary
Stages: 3
Speed: Mach 3.5
Max Ceiling: 30,000 meters @ 40km
Max Range: 100,000 meters @ 13,000 meters
Max Slant Range/Ceiling: 28,000 meter Ceiling @ 70km Range
Max Range Anti-Shipping Mode: 125km
Guidance: Active X-band radar terminal homing [SARH and HOJ secondary modes], imaging infra-red seeker, encrypted two-way data uplink for course corrections
Booster Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring
Missile Propulsion: Solid Fuel Rocket w/Thrust Vectoring

Edited January 27, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[center][b][size=5]Detailed Look | The Kriegsmarine | Data and Fleet Organization[/size][/b][/center]


The Kriegsmarine is the naval arm of the Wehrmacht.

[center][b][size=5]Detailed Look | Fleet Organization[/size][/b][/center]


The Carrier Strike Groups are organized as follows:[list]
[*]A supercarrier, which is the centerpiece of the strike group and also serves as the flagship for the CSG Commander and his/her staff.
[*]one 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships [BBCN] (two extra ships allocated to Carrier Strike Group 4)
[*]One North Point Guided Missile Cruiser
[*]Five 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers (Five additional ships allocated to Carrier Strike Group 4)
[*]Five 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates (Five additional ships allocated to Carrier Strike Group 4)
[*]Seven 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes (three extra ships allocated to Carrier Strike Group 4)
[/list]
[center][b][size=5]Detailed Look | Atlantic Fleet[/size][/b][/center]


[b]Carrier Strike Group 1[/b] (one super carrier, one 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, two North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, seven 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, Seven 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, ten 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)

[b]Carrier Strike Group 2[/b] (one super carrier, two 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, one North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, six 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, Seven 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, ten 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)

[b]Carrier Strike Group 3 [/b](one super carrier, one 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, one North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, six 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, Five 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, eight 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)

[b]Carrier Strike Group 4[/b] (two super carrier, three 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, two North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, ten 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, ten 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, ten 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)

[b]Carrier Strike Group 5[/b] (one super carrier, one 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, one North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, five 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, Six 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, eight 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)

[b]Carrier Strike Group 6[/b] (one super carrier, one 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleships, two North Point-class Guided Missle Cruisers, six 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyers, Five 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigates, ten 'Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvettes)


[b]Naval and Submarine Bases:[/b] Northern Ireland, Kiel, Trondheim, Germanic Canaries, HMNB Devonport (Great Britain), Karlskrona Naval Base, Naval Air Station Keflavik
[b]Mobile Assets:[/b] Centerpoint Mobile Offshore Base, Echo Point Mobile Offshore Base, Gladius Mobile Offshore Base

[b]Unterseeboot Flotille North Atlantic (Based in Northern Ireland)[/b]

11x Jörmungandr-Class Nuclear Attack Submarine
6x Viking-class Guided Missile Submarines
4x Viking-class Ballistic Missile Submarines

[b]Unterseeboot Flotille South Atlantic (Based at the German Canaries)[/b]

4x Jörmungandr-Class Nuclear Attack Submarines
6x Viking-class Guided Missile Submarines
4x Viking-class Ballistic Missile Submarines

[b]Ships of the Navy:[/b]

[b]Fyre Islands Class Landing Ship [LSD][/b]

Commissioned: 10
Builder: Kreigs Point Naval Systems
Overall Length: 214m
Length At Waterline: 200m
Beam: 32.5m
Draft: 6.25m
Displacement: 26,849 tons full load
cB: .655

Armament:
2x STATIC II
4x 21 cell JAWHOL Launcher
6x S30 13.3mm HMG

Complement:
Crew: 675
Troops: 350 men
Vehicles: 30 IFVs [10x3.75m] + 12 Combat Trucks [Humvee]
Landing Craft: 2x Eagle LCAC [30x30m well deck] and 4x RHIB above deck with cranes
Helicopter Landing Pad 60x32.5m w/refueling station

Propulsion:
Powerplant: 1x 60MW Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors powering 2 shafts.
Max Cruise: 25 knots [57,352 shp / 42,785 Kw]

Sensors:
AN/SPS-110 Air Search Radar
AN/SPS-160 Surface Search Radar
AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
AN/SSQ-100 'StrikeNet' Military Uplink Unit

Countermeasures:
AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS
Countermeasures:
Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both.

Cost: $1.35 Billion USD

[b]'Wilhelm Gustloff.' Class Guided Missile Corvette [KG][/b]

Commissioned: 8
Type: Guided Missile Corvette
Overall Length:87.5
Water Line Length: 85m
Beam: 10m
Draught: 7m
Displacement: 1,842 tons
cB: .31
Gun Armament:
1x 1 M30 Naval Rifle 82mm (3.3") L75 [A Position]
4x .50cal Heavy Machine Gun
SAM Armament[B Position]:
8x Mk 170 Point Defense VLS [.34x.34x4.5m] for RIM-700
AShM Armament [C Position]:
2x Mk 55 Quad Armored Box Launchers [RGM-1130 Siren]
ASW Armament [L Position]:
2x Mk 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tube
Defensive Armament [M Position]:
1x 'Gungnir' Mark V Combined Gun/Missile System [4000 33mm shells + 48 JAWOHL missiles per system]

Protection:
Resistance against .50cal AP all around [steel+kevlar]
Resistance against 25mm AP in vital areas

Propulsion: 1x 16MW Marine Diesel Engine for cruise
2x 30MW Gas Turbines for sprint
Cruise: 23 knots [8,681 shp / 6,476 Kw]
Max Sprint: 38 knots [65,948 shp / 49,197 Kw]
Range: 6,500 km (3,500nm) @ 23 knots
Helicopter: Hangar and pad for MH-35
Complement: 90

Sensors:
1x AN/SPY-10 Multi-function Radar [100km detection, 60km tracking]
1x AN/SSS-205 Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar [25/30km tracking range]
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar

Electronics Warfare Suite:
AN/SSQ-100 'StrikeNet' Military Uplink Unit
AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding

Decoys:
AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Fire Control:
1x AN/SPY-10 Main Fire Control System
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System

Countermeasures: Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system

[img]http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v195/The_Freethinkers/LeviathanBBCNsmall-1.png[/img]

[b]'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Heavy Battleship [BBCN][/b]

Commissioned: 7
Class Motto: Audaces fortuna iuvat - Fortune favors the bold
Length Overall: 486m
Waterline Length: 480m
Beam: 60m
Draught: 30m
cB: .572
Freeboard: Avg: 15.43m
Displacement: 496,651 Tons

Gun Armament:
2x 3 55cm (21.7”) L75 Naval Rifles in A and X positions [130 Shells per gun]
10x Dual M11 Mk.II Naval Rifles [5 Dual Turrets Each Side]
Missile Armament:
30x 12[3x4] cell Mark 170 Strategic VLS [2.5x2.5x21m behind main guns]
Defensive Armament
18x Mark 30 45mm Autocannon Gun/Missile System [4000 shells + 48 Missiles per system]
6x 2x4 'Aegir' Mark V ATS (Anti-Torpedo System)

Protection Types:
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type A (HNAC Type A):
50% Maraging Steel, 50% Eglin Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type B (HNAC Type :
50% Maraging Steel, 45% Eglin Steel, 5% Austenitic Stainless Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type C (HNAC Type C):
45% Maraging Steel, 40% Eglin Steel, 15% Tungsten Reinforcements
Triple-bottomed reinforced HNAC Type B keel with void spaces over a HNAC Type C frame; Rubber installed in void spaces, HNAC Type C crossbeams installed across bulkheads to provide protection against kinetic attacks.

925mm @ Main Belt
750mm @ Upper/End Belts
630mm @Lower Belt
925mm @55cm Turret Face
925mm @55cm Turret Sides/Rear/Top
925mm @55cm Turret Barbette
550mm @Deck
900mm @Superstructure/Bridge
900mm @Armored Magazines/Engine Room/Command Rooms
250mm @Bulkheads

Propulsion: 4x 140MW Pressurized Water Reactors powering 10 shafts and 4 internalized water jets. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets
Max Speed: 36 knots at [981,029 shp / 731,847 Kw]
Aircraft: 12 Medium Attack Helicopters/Transport/ASW and 4x Medium or 2x Large ASW/Transport Helicopters
Complement: 13,104

Sensors:
1x AN/SPY-5H2E Multi-function Radar [750km detection, 600km tracking]
1x AN-SPS-105H2E Long Range Search Radar [1000km detection]
4x AN/SSS-205E Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar [25/30km tracking range]
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System

Electronics Warfare Suite: AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding
Decoys:
AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Fire Control:
1x AN/SPY-5H2E Main Fire Control System (Capable of detection 22,500 targets and tracking 2,250 targets, while simultaneously guiding 300+ missile or gun engagements)
Sub-Surface Fire Control:
1x Mk-79 Anti-Submarine Weapon Control System (ATS)

Countermeasures:
Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW, Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system
AN/SLQ-48 - Mine Neutralization Vehicle
AN/WLD-1 RMS Remote Minehunting System
Next Generation Countermeasure (NGCM)

Missile Countermeasures:
2x Naval Theater Laser Defense System(NLDS): Advanced Solid State Laser which targets and destroys missiles. (5 MW)

[b]'North Point'-Class Guided Missile Cruiser[CGN][/b]

Commissioned: 7
Waterline Length: 272m
Overall Length: 277m
Beam: 34m
Draught: 13m
Average Freeboard 10.51m [Flush Deck at 10m with freeboard of 13m at stem]
cB: .389
Displacement: 47,188 Tons Normal
Gun Armament:
2x 2 M10 Naval Rifles 212mm (8.35”) L60 ETC
4x 2 M11 Naval Rifles 130mm (5.1”) L75 ETC
Missile Armament:
4x 12[4x3] cell Mk170 Tactical VLS Fore [2x2x14.5m cell internal, 3x3x16m external]
4x 12[4x3] cell Mk170 Tactical VLS Aft [2x2x14.5m cell internal, 3x3x16m external]
Defensive Armament:
10x Mark 30 45mm Autocannon Gun/Missile System [4000 shells + 48 Missiles per system]
2x 2x4 tube 'Aegir' Mark V Anti-Torpedo System [254mm wire guided counter torpedoes, mounted on the bottom of the hull facing down]

Protection Types:
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type A (HNAC Type A):
50% Maraging Steel, 50% Eglin Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type B (HNAC Type :
50% Maraging Steel, 45% Eglin Steel, 5% Austenitic Stainless Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type C (HNAC Type C):
45% Maraging Steel, 55% Eglin Steel
Triple-bottomed reinforced HNAC Type B keel with void spaces over a HNAC Type C frame; Rubber installed in void spaces, HNAC Type C crossbeams installed across bulkheads to provide protection against kinetic attacks.

210mm @ Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
180mm @ Lower Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
180mm @ Upper Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
180mm @ Belt Ends [Tapered 20 Degrees]
175mm @ 5.52" Turret
127mm @3.54" Turret
30mm @ Top Deck
90mm @ Armored Deck
210mm @ Armored Superstructure [Conning tower]
127mm @bulkheads

Propulsion: 2x 150MW Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors powering 6 shafts. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets.
Max Speed: 38 knots [315,924 shp / 235,679 Kw]
Aircraft: 1 Medium ASW Helicopters [30mx25m Helo Pad, 30mx20m Hangar]
Complement: 1082, 10 Flight Crew

Sensors:
1x AN/SPY-6 Multi-function Radar [600km detection, 500km tracking]
1x AN-SPS-106 Long Range Search Radar [800km detection]
2x AN/SSS-205 Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar [25/30km tracking range]
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar

Electronics Warfare Suite: AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding
Decoys: AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Fire Control:
1x AN/SPY-6 Main Fire Control System (Capable of detection 20,000 targets and tracking 2,000 targets, while simultaneously guiding 250+ missile or gun engagements)
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System

Countermeasures: Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system
Next Generation Countermeasure (NGCM)

Missile Countermeasures:
1x Naval Theater Laser Defense System(NTLDS): Advanced Free-Electron Laser which target and destroys missiles and some shells, also proven to disable satellites in orbit. (5 MW Max Design Output) [Mounted in superstructure's center]

[b]'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigate [FGN][/b]

Commissioned: 6
Waterline Length: 156m
Overall Length: 160.64m
Beam: 18m
Draught: 11m
Average Freeboard 7.51m [Flush Deck at 7m with freeboard of 10m at stem]
cB: .32
Displacement: 9,973 Tons Normal
Gun Armament:
1x 2 M30 Naval Rifle 82mm (3.3") L75
Missile Armament:
2x 48 [6x8] cell Mk170 Escort VLS [1x1x10m cell internal, 1.5x1.5x11.5m external]
Torpedo Armament:
2x Mark 653 Triple 650mm Torpedo Tubes [Above Deck]
Defensive Armament:
2x Mark 30 45mm Autocannon Gun/Missile System [4000 33mm shells + 48 Missiles per system]
1x 2x4 tube 'Aegir' Mark V Anti-Torpedo System [254mm wire guided counter torpedoes, mounted on the bottom of the hull facing down]

Protection Types:
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type A (HNAC Type A):
50% Maraging Steel, 50% Eglin Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type B (HNAC Type :
50% Maraging Steel, 45% Eglin Steel, 5% Austenitic Stainless Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type C (HNAC Type C):
45% Maraging Steel, 55% Eglin Steel
Triple-bottomed reinforced HNAC Type B keel with void spaces over a HNAC Type C frame; Rubber installed in void spaces, HNAC Type C crossbeams installed across bulkheads to provide protection against kinetic attacks.

90mm @ Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
5mm @ Lower Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
45mm @ Upper Belt/Ends [Tapered 20 Degrees]
5mm @ Top Deck
20mm @ Armored Deck
110mm @ Armored Superstructure [Conning tower]
90mm+Kevlar @bulkheads

Propulsion: 2x 60MW Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors powering 6 shafts. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets.
Max Cruise: 37 knots [127,980 shp / 95,473 Kw]
Aircraft: 2 Medium ASW Helicopters [30mx25m Helo Pad, 30mx20m Hangar]
Complement: 210, 20 Flight Crew

Sensors:
1x AN/SPY-6 Multi-function Radar [600km detection, 500km tracking]
1x AN-SPS-106 Long Range Search Radar [800km detection]
2x AN/SSS-205 Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar [25/30km tracking range]
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar

Electronics Warfare Suite:
AN/SSQ-100 'StrikeNet' Military Uplink Unit
AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding

Decoys:
AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Fire Control:
1x AN/SPY-6 Main Fire Control System (Capable of detection 20,000 targets and tracking 2,000 targets, while simultaneously guiding 250+ missile or gun engagements)
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System

Countermeasures: Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system
Next Generation Countermeasure (NGCM)

[b]'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyer [DGN][/b]

Commissioned: 6
Waterline Length: 200m
Overall Length: 206.35m
Beam: 20m
Draught: 11m
Average Freeboard 8.59m [Flush Deck at 8m with freeboard of 11 at stem]
cB: .316
Displacement: 14,029 Tons Normal
Gun Armament:
2x 2 M11 Naval Rifle 130mm (5.1") L75
Missile Armament:
1x 48 [12x4] cell Mk170 Escort VLS [1x1x10m cell internal, 1.5x1.5x11.5m external]
2x 48 [6x8] cell Mk170 Escort VLS
Torpedo Armament:
2x Mark 653 Triple 650mm Torpedo Tubes [Above Deck]
Defensive Armament:
8x Mark 30 45mm Autocannon Gun/Missile System [4000 shells + 48 Missiles per system]
1x 2x4 tube 'Aegir' Mark V Anti-Torpedo System [254mm wire guided counter torpedoes, mounted on the bottom of the hull facing down]

Protection Types:
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type A (HNAC Type A):
50% Maraging Steel, 50% Eglin Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type B (HNAC Type :
50% Maraging Steel, 45% Eglin Steel, 5% Austenitic Stainless Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type C (HNAC Type C):
45% Maraging Steel, 55% Eglin Steel
Triple-bottomed reinforced HNAC Type B keel with void spaces over a HNAC Type C frame; Rubber installed in void spaces, HNAC Type C crossbeams installed across bulkheads to provide protection against kinetic attacks.

90mm @ Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
45mm @ Lower Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
45mm @ Upper Belt [Tapered 20 Degrees]
127mm @3.54" Turret
5mm @ Top Deck
20mm @ Armored Deck
110mm @ Armored Superstructure [Conning tower]
90mm+Kevlar @bulkheads

Propulsion: 2x 60MW Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors powering 2 shafts. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets.
Max Cruise: 37 knots [140,206 shp / 104,594 Kw]
Aircraft: 2 Medium ASW Helicopters [30mx25m Helo Pad, 30mx20m Hangar]
Complement: 322, 20 Flight Crew

Sensors:
1x AN/SPY-6 Multi-function Radar [600km detection, 500km tracking]
1x AN-SPS-106 Long Range Search Radar [800km detection]
2x AN/SSS-205 Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar [25/30km tracking range]
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar

Electronics Warfare Suite: AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding
Decoys: AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Fire Control:
1x AN/SPY-6 Main Fire Control System (Capable of detection 20,000 targets and tracking 2,000 targets, while simultaneously guiding 250+ missile or gun engagements)
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System

Countermeasures: Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system
Next Generation Countermeasure (NGCM)

[img]http://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a266/JackShadow173/Jrmungandr-Classv1-1.png[/img]

[b]Jörmungandr-Class Nuclear Attack Submarine (SSN)[/b]

Commissioned: 10
Class Leader: NAS Jörmungandr
Classification: Large Attack Submersible, Nuclear (SSN)

Dimensions:
-Length: 152 m
-Beam: 12.9 m
-Draft: 8.9 m
Displacement:
-Surfaced: 12,750 tonnes
-Submerged: 17,250 tonnes
Crew: [82]
-Enlisted: 63
-Officers: 19
-Endurance: 90 Days of stores

Propulsion:
-1x 200 MW SG6I Improved PbBi-cooled Fast Reactor
-2x DSM12 Electric Drives rated at 29,000 Shaft Horsepower each
-2x 850 shp Auxiliary Diesel Generators for emergency operations
-1x Shrouded Pump-Jet Propulsor [2 contra-rotating screws; nine blades each]
Speeds:
-Surfaced: 18 knots
-Surfaced: 7 knots [Auxiliary Diesel Power]
-Submerged: 25 knots [Max Silent Speed]
-Submerged: 35 knots
Operational Depths:
-Maximum Safe: 800 m
-Never-Exceed: 1050 m
-Crush: 1150 m
Hull:
-Dual Hulls Constructed Out of a Non-Magnetic Titanium alloy
-Both Hulls Coated With an Anechoic Polymer
-Outer Hull Equipped With Advanced 'Muffler' Anechoic Tiles

Armament:
-2x 1000mm Torpedo Tubes
-4x 660mm (26”) Torpedo Tubes
-24x 660mm Torpedoes or 2 Naval Mines per Torpedo or Tube-Launched Missiles
-8x 1000mm Torpedoes
-18x VLS tubes [2 x 11 m Tactical]
Systems/Sonar/Radar/Countermeasures:
-'Mark V' photonics mast
-'Mark VI' photonics mast
-RSS-500 Surface Search/Nav Radar (LPI, I-band)
-RPA-II Sail-Mounted Passive/Active Search/Attack Radar
-'Naval Net' Submarine Battle and Communication Systems Suite
-'Sure Beam' Wide-Beam Laser Transceiver
-SPR-VII Passive Ranging & Identification Sonar
-'Anaconda' Tactical Towed Sonar Array
-Mk.IV Active/Passive Sonar Array
-'Fiddler' Torpedo Countermeasures System
-'Quiet-Noise' Active-noise Cancellation System
-SES-7 ECM/ECCM

[img]http://img854.imageshack.us/img854/5074/ssbn.png[/img]

Class: Viking Class
Type: Guided/Ballistic Missile Submersible, Nuclear
Ships in Class: 12x Guided Missile Submarines, 8x Ballistic Missile Submarines

Dimensions-
Length: 303 m
Beam: 41 m
Draft: 19 m
Displacement-
Displacement (Surfaced): 80,000 tons
Displacement (Submerged): 100,000 tons
Speeds-
Surfaced (full ahead): 10 knots
Surfaced (auxiliary power): 5 knots
Submerged (full ahead): 30 knots
Submerged (Silent): 8 knots
Endurance: 180 days

Operating Depths-
Maximum Safe Depth 2000 feet
Never-Exceed Depth: 2500 feet
Crush Depth: 2800 feet
Propulsion-
3x 200 MW JS-30A Improved Liquid PbBi Nuclear Reactor
4x Direct-flow LM Turbine [OK2] [Ceramic] [50,000 shp]
8x JS-50 Low Rotation Induction Generators rated at 2,500 kwh each
4x 1300 hp Auxiliary Diesel Generators (emergency power)
2x Dual prop Inline contra-rotating Nine bladed; Williamson Disk Actuators (WDA) Propellers (4 props)
Crew [320]-
Officers: 92
Enlisted: 228

Armament-
40x Mk. 36 SLBM DLO Capable Tubes or 120x Broadside SHASM Tubes
20x SA-N-60 ‘Sea Bishop’ SAM [Non-Reloadable Underway]
6x SA-N-33 ‘Sea-Wraith’ Sub/SAM [Non-Reloadable Underway]
4x 660 mm Torpedo Tubes [Forward]
2x 1000 mm Torpedo Tubes [Forward]
Construction-
Dual Hulled, Titanium
Inner Hull internally coated with Foamed Aluminum
Buoyancy Reserve: 40%
Dual Shrouded Pump-jet or Propulsor at Rear
Large vertical tail w/ rubber forward of the Propulsor
Short horizontal stabilizers at rear
Wide rear dive plane between propulsors
Retractable Bow Planes
Both Hulls Wrapped in Anechoic Polymer
Outer hull covered in ‘Dark Echo’ class Anechoic Tiles
Peizo-Ceramic based Active Vibration dampening bearing system

[img]http://img840.imageshack.us/img840/8388/prometheusescort.jpg[/img]
[b]'Charlemagne'-Class Fleet Carrier [CVN][/b]

Commissioned: 6

* Length: 512 meter
* Height: 70 meter.
* Width : 91 meter.
* Displacement: 377,000 tons

Ship's Complement:

* Ships' crew (2,996 men)
* Air Group (1000 men)
* Marine reinforced company (230 men)

Aircraft: Up to 110 Fixed Wing Aircraft and 12 Helicopters
Elevators: Four 40x35m (length x width)
Catapults: 6x 100m EM Catapults (49m/sec^2 / 6 Gees)
Complement: 3,200 Ships Company; 3,200 Air Wing

Propulsion System:

Main power system: 3 ISD-72x nuclear fission reactors with a rated power of 184 MW each.
* Propulsion Systems (4): SFS I-a2b engines mounted in two pairs at the lower stern of the ship, with the exhausts surrounded by a heavy shroud for impact protection and infra-red signature reduction.
The total effective propulsive power is 370 MW (500,000 SHP).

Armour Protection

Protection Types:
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type A (HNAC Type A):
50% Maraging Steel, 50% Eglin Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type B (HNAC Type :
50% Maraging Steel, 45% Eglin Steel, 5% Austenitic Stainless Steel
Heese Naval Armour Composite Type C (HNAC Type C):
45% Maraging Steel, 40% Eglin Steel, 15% Tungsten Reinforcements
Triple-bottomed reinforced HNAC Type B keel with void spaces over a HNAC Type C frame; Rubber installed in void spaces, HNAC Type C crossbeams installed across bulkheads to provide protection against kinetic attacks.

203mm @Side Armor[All belts]
50mm @Deck
203mm @Armored Conning Tower
203mm @Armored Magazines/Engine Room/Command Rooms
203mm @Bulkheads

Armaments

7x 70 cell VLS - 490 tubes
- 200 ST-1 Anti-Ship Missiles [+400]
- 580 ARN-Naval Surface to Air Missile [+1160]
6x 20 cell deck ARN-Naval Surface to Air Missile
8x Conhort CWIS
6x Maniple ASHuM
6x 75mm Dual Purpose Cannons
1x Hedgehog Anti-Submarine Warfare System
1x 4-cell Torpedo System
2x 50 Caliber Machineguns

Sensors

1x AN-SPS-106E Long Range Search Radar [1000km detection]
[25/30km tracking range]
2× AN/SPN-146 air traffic control radars
1x AN/SPN-143 air traffic control radar
1x AN/SPN-144 landing aid radars
1x AN/SPS-95 SSR Navigational radar
1x AN/SQS-56 Hull Mounted Sonar
1x AN/SQQ-89 ASW Combat System
4x AN/SSY-205E Infrared Search and Tracking/Short Range Targeting Radar

Electronics Warfare Suite:
'StrikeNet Military Uplink Unit
AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS)
AN/SLQ-32(V)5 ESM
AN/SSQ-82(V)2 Multiple Unit for Transmission Elimination
AN/SRS-1A(V) Combat Direction Finding

Decoys:
AN/SLQ-49
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
MK-53 Nulka DLS

Countermeasures:
Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW, Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system
AN/SLQ-48 - Mine Neutralization Vehicle
AN/WLD-1 RMS Remote Minehunting System
Next Generation Countermeasure (NGCM)


[b]Offensive Weapons of the Navy:[/b]

[b]St-1 Anti Shipping Missile[/b]

Dimensions
Length: 11.7m Maximum Diameter: 1.4m Wingspan: 1.7m
Total Mass: 5,122.8kg Payload Mass: 512.28kg

Propulsion Information
Method: Air-turborocket Mean Velocity: Mach 2.3 Terminal Velocity: Mach 5.4
Range: 334nm S-turns: ~4,6,8,10Gs (selectable) Jinking: 5.5Gs
Altitude, Terminal Phase: 5 - 15m Loitering: Variable thrust allows for re-engagement if loss of target

Electronics
Guidance: ARQ-15 Tracking Beacon; ARQ-17 Active-Passive Tracking Radar; terminal stage LRQ-32 LASAR
Autonomy: 'True' Fire-and-forget

The ST-1 operates at ~1-2 Mach during ascension and then increases to up to Mach 5.4 during the terminal/engagement phase. The terminal phase does not necessarily imply a sea-skimming operation. The ST-1 can be programed to commit itself to 'shaking' maneuvers to avoid tracking and enemy counter-munitions, and it can also be programmed to 'pop-up'.

It's loitering capabilities allow it to level out if it loses target and re-engage and sea-skimming level. It's loitering capabilities also mean that the source does not need to have to know exactly what ship it's engaging and where, as long as the missile is fired at the general vicinity of a fleet area.

The anti-shipping warhead used is a a dense and heavy dU penetrating 'cap' of considerable depth, with a subsequent high explosive in a shaped compartment to increase depth of penetration and to cause much damage to an engaged ship. The penetrating cap has a 'buffer cap' composed of copper and separated from the 'main penetrator' by a lining of rubber. This is to avoid a 'decapping' of the penetrator if the penetrator hits a spaced plate.

[b]St-2 Anti-Shipping Missile[/b]

Dimensions
Length: 9m
Diameter: 110cm
Wingspan: 1.2m
Weight: 2200kg

Range, speed & armament
Range: 390km
Speed: Mach 6.5 (terminal velocity) Mach 3.3 - Cruise speed
Warhead: Main explosive body - 500kg OctaNitroCubane; 10 20kg thermite MIRVS embedded into the main explosive core

Once the missile reaches the highest point in flight, gravity combined with the hydrogen injection gives the missile a terminal velocity of mach 6.5. Because of this extreme velocity, and the fact the missile spirals down in a controlled fashion, hitting this proves to be extremely difficult. In the last 3 seconds before impact the spiralling stops and the last reseve of ethanol is injected into the engine along with the last bits of hydrogen to give the missile an even greater penetration effect. If the missile is fired in the most ideal circumstances a penetration angle of 88.6° can be achieved. Under normal circumstances an angle of 86° or even 85° is good enough to cause major damage. This means it goes virtually straight down, punching through the layers of armour. The solid tip of the missile is made of solid tungsten molten under the highest temperature, minimizing the amount of structural faults in the tip.

Normally all the explosive energy is spread in all directions, but in this missile all the energy is focussed on one point: behind the missile. Because the missile penetrates the hull, the explosive energy has only a few ways to go, the way of the least resistance is behind the missile; the path of entry. Once the main explosive core detonates, 10 smaller clusters are also blasted away, causing even more havoc.

Guidance & features
Guidance: Inertial with GPS and optionally TERCOMP, CELLDAR, limited command post RADAR steering. The variant also has an attached minimized Gaussian LIDAR transmitter for infra-red LIDAR operations.

Propulsion: Lancaster & Blair RAMjet fuel and hydrogen injection propulsion. A special alcohol/ethanol reserve is stored in front of the engine, to give the engine one final boost before penetrating the ship's armour.

[b]LV-21 Torpedo[/b]

Role: Long Range Heavyweight Torpedo
Length: 7m
Diameter: 660mm
Weight: 3000kg
Guidance/Target Aquisition:
PEC-9 Active/Passive Sonar
WAKO Wake-Homing System
Propulsion:
Sundstrand gas-turbine with Pump-jet
Depth: < 850m
Speed: 20 knots slow; 80 knots fast
Range: 27km @ 80 knots, 70km @ 20 knots
Warhead: 300kg

[b]LV-23 Broadsword 1000mm Ultra-Heavy Torpedo[/b]

Capable of either conventional or nuclear armament, the Broadsword has been designed to serve as a devastating opponent to any enemy's large warships. To pack the enormous destructive power into a single torpedo, the standard Broadsword torpedo measures a full 14.5 metres in length, or 47.6 feet. The Broadsword measures a full 20,000 kg, just over 22 tonnes with a warhead weight of 3,000 kg. It can be used for a fast attack against a large enemy warship with a range of 35 km at 75 knots or at longer range, 100 km at 40 knots. Used in conjunction with the deep draft submarine employing a towed sonar array and an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) sending false sonar readouts to enemy submarines, and you have a potentially lethal combination to any size of warship.

[b]Guidance and Propulsion [/b]

To ensure that the Broadsword is not simply an oversized mine and easy pickings for an enemy battlegroup, the torpedo uses a turbine-powered pumpjet propulsion system. As mentioned earlier, the Broadsword can be cold-launched from extreme depths by a submarine or it can be horizontally launched from very large warships. The Broadsword employs an active/passive sonar guidance system for terminal guidance and is initially guided toward its acquired target by the towed sonar array in the submarine.

[b]Specifications[/b]

Length: 14.5 metres (horizontal launch variant); 13 metres (vertical launch variant)
Diametre: 1,000 mm (one metre)
Range/Speed: 35 km at 75 knots; 100 km at 40 knots
Propulsion: Turbine-powered pumpjet
Guidance: Inertial with wire guidance (from launching submarine employing towed sonar array); active/passive sonar at terminal range
Weight: 20,000 kg overall; 3,000 kg warhead

[img]http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v203/jay3135/broadside.png[/img]

Name: Borealis Heavy Anti-Shipping Missile
Platform: Viking-class SSGN
Targets: Maritime: Surface, Land: Hardened
Range: 230 km
Weight (oa): 24,500 kg
Weight (penetrator): 15,000 kg
Length: 10 m
Penetrator Diameter: 1000 mm
Booster Diameter: 1100 mm
Wingspan: 1300 mm
Optimum Launch Angle: Vertical +/- 15*
Guidance: ATAPS and Inertial Guidance with Course-correction during first stage only.
Countermeasures: 4x 4 round stacked 71x180mm EO/IR and Improved Chaff/ECM decoys
Propulsion: Two-stage solid propellant
Initial Velocity: 2300 m/s
Penetration Velocity: 3200 m/s
Warhead: 800 kg High Explosive EED Warhead or 350 kiloton nuclear

When a contract for a super large Anti-Shipping Missile were released by Luftwerks as part of a wider bid for the Epion and Flight III Archon project, Kiel Aerospace seized the chance to recoup lost development costs from the Initial Epion bid by converting the prototype rounds.

Adding a redesigned rocket stage to the existing test stock of 100cm RAPs (Rocket Assisted Projectiles) they added four tubes of stacked countermeasure grenades to help protect the round from any attempted counter to the one meter diameter the incoming round on its terminal flight. They also added a set of sturdy and fixed fins to stabilize the now non spin stabilized projectile to increase its overall accuracy. The designers then repurposed the rocket motor on the round, instead of using it to propel the round forward they would take advantage of the near vertical impact vector available and assist gravity by burning the rocket during the rounds terminal phase of flight. At 15000kg carrying 800kg of Fox-7 insensitive explosive in a stacked Explosive Energetic Deflection style warhead moving at 3.2 km/s the new warhead was to be rightly feared by any vessel of any navy the world over…

Stealing the main booster from a TSSM-3 land based Ballistic Missile they removed the second stage and fitted a linking section between the two motors. The larger diameter tube fitting over the main penetrator and protecting its terminal rocket engine from the hazards of high velocity flight. Between the two stages they fitted one of the most advanced Integrated guidance system available at the time. Using a triple set of ATAPS (Advanced Tactical Positioning System) receivers the system is capable of keeping itself on course with only one of three systems active, and with extreme accuracy available under ideal situations. Coupled with the ATAPS system is fifth generation inertial guidance system using a laser-ring gyroscope and a multitude of both back up and somewhat fragile very accurate accelerometers and whatnot. These all are fed to the rear control fins of the booster allowing the now ten meters long missile to stick firmly to its shallow ballistic course.

The major difference between the Broadside Missile was not that it was a converted Naval round, but that on its terminal phase it is completely unguided. This makes its jamming impossible and immunizes it against any sort of extreme ECM/ECCM cluttered environment. The missile is launched out of a tube like a conventional ballistic missile, though the Borealis never pierces the upper atmosphere it gains height merely to increase its range. When it reaches the Apex of its flight the two stages separate and the first stage then arcs towards the target area upon confirmation of the correct path the round ignites its rocket and speeds towards its target at amazing speeds. Though this does somewhat decrease its overall accuracy, for the size of targets the missile was designed for the missile was still found to be lethally effective at maximum range.

Unlike the some missiles, the Borealis is immune to the seemingly widely available THEL system, the hardened steel skin being far to thick to be effected significantly during its flight time, the resulting KE being more or less of equal value after penetration. Also unlike tis comeptitor the Borealis is not limited to a near vertical impact, any strike will bare fruit even if as low as 30 degrees to 85 degrees (with of course ideal being at 90 degrees)

[b]LV-26 Lightweight Torpedo[/b]

This lightweight torpedo is able to be deployed in littoral warfare and in deep water operations, by frigates or corvettes, ASW helicopters, and fixed wing aircraft intended to provide ASW support.

Calibre: 11.75" 3/4
Length: 2950 mm
Weight: 300 kg
Minimum launching depth: 25 m
Maximum depth: > 950 m
Speed: variable between 25 -> 50 knots
Autonomy: 10000 m

[b]LV-27 Vertically-launched Anti-Submarine Intercept Missile[/b]

Length: 6300 mm
Diameter: 500 mm
Wingspan: 1000 mm (folding)
Weight: 1750 kg
Propulsion: SE370 Solid Rocket Motor
Maximum Velocity: 300 m/s
Steering: Jet Vane Control
Guidance: GPS + STAINS (Standard Tactical Inertial Navigation System)
Range: 75 km
Warhead:

[b]Humboldt type Lightweight ASW Torpedo[/b]-
Diameter: 330 mm
Length: 3000 mm
Weight: 330 kg
Maximum Operating Depth: 600 meters
Propulsion: Electrical, High RPM Brushless motor
Ranges:
- 13,000 meters @ 45 knots (maximum)
- 30,000 meters @ 25 knots (minimum)
Warhead: 33 kg PBX Hollow charge w/ blast director
Guidance: Acoustic Homing + Datalink
- Scanning window: 100x100 degrees
- Trackable targets: > 10
- Bandwidth: 8-13 kHz

Cost (complete): 1,300,000.00 NSD

The Lv-27 is vertically or air launched and controlled and steered using a Jet vane control out a maximum range of 75 km allowing to support smaller vessels within a fleets picket as well as ASW helicopters beyond the range of traditional ASROC or Ikara systems. Flight profile is high subsonic climbing to an altitude of 100 meters till it reaches the designated target area at which point explosive bolts separate the warhead bus from the body of the missile exposing the torpedo, the torpedo is then separated from the missile by explosive bolts and it begins to drift towards the water by means of its own parachute.

Once in the water the Homboldt LWT begins its search and track operations. The Humboldt torpedoes' high speed, and long range allows it to doggedly track, engage and kill even the fastest and quietest of subs. The warhead of the Humboldt is a 33 kilogram hollow charge warhead comprised of PBX and assisted with the help of a steel blast director producing nearly the structure shattering effects of even the largest of torpedoes. The Humboldts high accuracy and efficiency allow it to turn into the target increasing the effective surface area of the target increasing the overpressure effect and subsequently the damage. Utilizing its full means the VASIM-B system is unmatched in its capability to remotely sanitize areas of enemy submersible operations well beyond an individual ships engagement envelope, but safe and intelligent enough to be used on the modern battlefield.

MH-3 Naval Support Helicopter

[img]http://img375.imageshack.us/img375/1583/mi10aswcargo0tj.jpg[/img]

Cost: $6.82 million
Crew: 4 (Pilot, Co-Pilot, 2 Crew Chiefs)
Capacity: 1,220.21kg cargo internally (including 15 troops or 6 litters) or 4,090kg cargo externally
Length: 19.62m
Rotor diameter: 16.25m
Height: 5.14m
Empty weight: 4,920kg
Maximum gross takeoff weight: 11,242kg
Powerplant: 2 x Feldsworth Automotive Air Division H700-FA-9770 gas turbines, rated at 1,880hp each

Performance
Maximum speed: 172kt (318.5kph)
Cruising speed: 160kt (296.3kph)
Combat Radius: 590km
Ferry Range: 2,140km
Service ceiling: 5,740m
Rate of climb: 4.1m/s

Armament
2 x Forward modular pintle mounts

Central 2.2Ghz Aura parallel computing core with LT4 Kentford Software
UEBCS IV with C300P UC2N network support (switched out for foreign equivalents in export)
K25 FLIR Mk. III, 3rd Generation
K7 Advanced Imaging Suite
MF2A LADAR Detection Suite
S2 Surveillance/Landing-assist camera
PAQ/A01D Advanced Helmet-Mounted Cuing System
F2A Millimeter-Band Search and Tracking RADAR
NG5 Countermeasure Dispenser
NG7 Missile Warning System
NG20 Radio Frequency Countermeasure Suite
NG34 Advanced Threat Infrared Countermeasures
NG35 Sonobuoys and/or dipping sonars

[b]Nordic-class Mobile Offshore Base[/b]

[img]http://img714.imageshack.us/img714/8813/superbasebm8.png[/img]

Each module consists of a box-type deck supported by multiple columns on two parallel pontoons. When transiting between operational sites, the module is de-ballasted and travels with the pontoons on the surface much like a catamaran. When on site, the module is ballasted down so that the pontoons are submerged below the surface wave zone, thereby minimizing the wave-induced dynamic motions. The decks, which store rolling stock and dry cargo, are all located above the wave crests. The columns provide structural support and hydrostatic stability against overturning.

The bases modularity supports the widest possible range of air support, ranging from vertical/short takeoff and landing (VSTOL) aircraft using a single module to conventional takeoff and landing (CTOL) aircraft using several serially aligned modules approaching 6,000 feet in length. In addition, a MOB accepts ship-borne cargo, provides nominally 3 million square feet for equipment storage and maintenance, stores 10 million gallons of fuel, houses up to 3,000 troops (an Army heavy brigade), and discharges resources to the shore via a variety of landing craft.

[b]ARN-Naval Surface to Air Missile:[/b]

Type: Single Stage Dynamic Surface-to-Air Missile/Surface-to-Air Anti-Missile
Length: (total) 1.8 m (missile) 1.5 m
Diameter: (launcher) 105mm (missile) 100mm
Weight: (total) 20 Kg (missile) 15 Kg
Thrust: 1,688kg's at Sea Level
Max Speed: > Mach 3.89
Max Speed for Max range: < Mach 3.5
Guidance: Directable 94 kHz Millimetiric wave Radar
Warhead: Directed APEX Fletchette (containing 2.5 hg ONC)
Fusing: Smart; Impact/Proximity
Max maneuvering: 10 g
Max Range: 15,000 m
Min Range: 100 m
Max effective slant range: 6,000 m
Min effective slant range: 100 m
Max Ceiling: 10,000 m

[b]SL-N-12 Submarine Launched Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile[/b]

Type: Long Range Anti Ship Ballistic Missile [ASBM]
Length: 10.5m
Diameter: 1.1m
Launch Mass: 11500kg
Combat Range: 4600km
Maximum Flight Altitude: 135km
Peak Velocity: Mach 7?
RV: Mark XXXII Maneuvrable Reentry Vehicle, 925kg launch mass
Normal Warhead: 400kg High Explosive Fragmentation or 4 MIRVs
Accuracy: 10m with Radar Guidance system active, 20m without

Propulsion:
-----------Solid Fueled Gas Generator integrated into launch tube
-----------Three Stage LOX-Metalised Fuel Hybrid Rocket, 395s ISP
Maneuvring:-
----------- Thrust vectoring during boost phase of flight
----------- Maneuvre flaps and airbrakes on RV during terminal phase
Guidance Systems:
-----------9GHz Pi-band PESA Radar Assembly
-----------Upsilon-band 28GHz Duplex Datalink
-----------Strapdown INS system
-----------Multi-standard Global Positioning System

Edited December 4, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | Coastal Defense Force[/size][/center][/b]

The Coastal Defense Forces is tasked with protecting the coasts of the Reich from attack or invasion from the sea. To defend an extensive coastline, the Greater German Reich has deployed a sizeable and diverse force. Coastal Rocket and Artillery Troops, consisting of a single division, operated coastal artillery, Anti-Ship Ballistic Missiles and naval surface-to-surface missile launchers along the coast.

Along the Coastline, a SOund SUrveillance System is operated to keep an eye out for enemy submarines. Coastal areas also have their own OTH-B RADAR suites, which cover a 64 degree wedge-shaped area at ranges between 500 to 1,600 nautical miles (925 to 3,000 km). This keeps track of all ship movements off the coastline. This information is always monitored by underground command facilities.

In addition, Railguns in specially developed recedable hardened silos, are operated along the coast as well. These rail guns have a power rating of over 10.64 MJ. It's performance is over 5.8 km/s muzzle velocity, accurate enough to hit a target from 200 nautical miles (370 km) away while shooting five shots per minute.

The coastal defense force also operates retractable undergound silos for Anti-Shipping Missiles and surface launched torpedos. Naval mines are also deployed.

[b]Technology:[/b]

[b]Artemis Naval Denial Minefield System, New Shunde Arsenal, Model 0[/b]

[b]General Information, components and Operation[/b]
A full NDMSM0 system consist of the following component, and cover a radius of approx 16 - 20 km2 from enemy naval activity.

1 x Central Guidance Unit (Underwater) - NMCGU/UM0 : Used for detection of enemy submarine and to supplement surface detection measure against enemy surface ship.
1 x Central Guidance Unit (Surface) - NMCGU/SM0 : Used for detection of enemy surface vessel and aircrafts.
10 x Torpedo Launcher (Underwater) - NMTL/UM0 : For storage and launching of Supercaviating Torpedoes against enemy vessel, linked to Central Guidance Unit (Underwater).
50 x Aerial Mine Sweeping Denial Unit - NMAAM/SM0: For usage against enemy helicopter and aircrafts attempting to detect for submarines or sweeping the mine with towed array.
250 x Naval Mine Sweeping Denial Unit - NMASM/SM0: For usage against small craft and enemy naval units attempting to minesweep the area.
5 x Energy Supply Unit - NMESU/SM0 : For providing electricity to surface and underwater mine system.

The minefield is connected in the following way:
The Central Guidance Unit (Underwater) is connected to the Torpedo Launcher (Underwater) via underwater cable. The Central Guidance Unit (Underwater) is connected to the The Central Guidance Unit (Surface). All the surface mines is moored and uses wire-data link to communicate with the other mines on the surface. All surface mines are moored independently.

The minefield can be deployed up to a maximum depth of 300m. In order to activate the minefield, they must be set to deactivated mode before deployment, and activated via pre-coded encrypted pseudorandom radio or satellite signal sent to the position of the mine.

Disposition
The Disposition of the

[b]Central Guidance Unit (Underwater) - NMCGU/UM0[/b]
Specification:
Weight: 300kg
Sensor: Acoustic & Magnetic & Active Sonar
Battery Life: 730 days
Procurement Cost: 1.5 million
Range: 15 km

The Central Guidance Unit (Underwater) consist of an Acoustic sensor, tuned to the acoustic signal of the enemy ship (For example, noise of propellors and nuclear reactor). A magnetometer is installed on the central guidance unit, which is used to detect the magnetic anomaly caused by enemy submarine and ship. An active sonar (Only activated in wartime) is also used to supplement the other sensors in detecting enemy ship. The sensor is programmed to distinguish fake signal intended to detonate the mine prematurely from genuine signals.

To contact with the surface element, the underwater element have five buoys. One is permanently moored to 3 meter below sea surface, and is a VLF antenna used to transmit activation and deactivation data. The other four is radio & satellite buoy, and is raised to the surface after VLF receive encrypted signal to raise the buoy.

[b]Central Guidance Unit (Surface) - NMCGU/SM0[/b]
Specification:
Weight: 500kg
Sensor: Acoustic & IR & Radar Receiver
Battery Life: 730 days
Procurement Cost: 2 million
Range: 15 km

The Central Guidance Unit (Surface) consist of an acoustic sensor, IR sensor (Tailored against aircafts and ships), and a radar receiver used to receive the signal given by enemy sea-search radar. Like its underwater counterpart, it is also programmed to distinguish fake signals from genuine signals. Its moored 10 meter below the surface.

To contact with the element, the underwater element have five buoys. One is permanently moored to 3 meter below sea surface, and is a VLF antenna used to transmit activation and deactivation data. The other four is radio & satellite buoy, and is raised to the surface after VLF receive encrypted signal to raise the buoy.

[b]Torpedo Launcher (Underwater) - NMTL/UM0 [/b]
Specification:
Weight: 12 tonnes
Armament: 3 x NMNDM0 supercaviating torpedoes
Battery Life: 730 days
Procurement Cost: 2 million (W/ Torpedo)
Range: 15 km

Basically a tube containing three supercaviating torpedoes, it contain three NMNDM0 Supercaviating torpedo, and it is connected to the Underwater Guidance Unit for target information.

[b]NMNDM0 Supercaviating Torpedo[/b]
Specification:
Weight: 3.5 tonnes
Length: 10m
Diameter: 533mm
Warhead: 500kg FOX-7 Conventional Charge
Fuze: Wire Guidance
Range: 15 km
Launch Speed: 93 km/h
Maximum Speed: 400 km/h
Procurement Cost: $500,000

A supercaviating torpedo based on the shvkal. It has a gas ejector located in the front of the torpedo, which eject gas to provide a gas bubble around the torpedo to reduces drag. It uses a solid-propellant rocket engine in the rear,which uses a 80/18/2 Ammonium Pechlorate / Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene / Aluminium mixture. A 500 kg FOX-7 Conventional Charge is used as the warhead of the torpedo. Shaped charge was deemed unnecessary, as the water jet produced by an underwater explosion is more than sufficient to cause severe message. FOX-7 was selected due to its high power and stability.

For detonating the torpedo, the torpedo uses a wire-guidance system to guide the torpedo to its target and detonate it. This is intended to lower the cost of the torpedo.

[b]Aerial Mine Sweeping Denial Unit - NMAAM/SM0[/b]
Weight: 300kg
Length: 7m
Diameter: 205mm
Warhead: 250kg Rocket with 120kg HE load
Fuze: Proximity - Fuze + IR Sensor
Sensor: IR + Acoustic
Range: 3.6 km
Guidance: Wire
Battery Life: 730 days
Detection Range: 5 km
Procurement Cost: $ 100,000

A mine intended for defense against aerial minesweeping measure. It consist of an independent detection system activated sound produced by aircraft engine & rotor from enemy ship acoustic signal from 1 km away, and turn the mine in its direction once it've got close. The IR sensor is then activated, and once the enemy aircraft get into range, the mine then propell a rocket toward the enemy aircraft. The rocket is detonated by a Proximity fuze mounted on the nose, supplemented by an IR sensor to detect enemy heat signal. A HE load consisting of 120 kg of FOX-7 is used in the rocket.

The mine is moored 2 meter below the sea surface. The rocket is guided by wire.

[b]Naval Mine Sweeping Denial Unit - NMASM/SM0[/b]
Weight: 600kg
Warhead: 400kg Conventional HE
Fuze: Magnetic & Acoustic & Pressure & Electro - Optical
Battery Life: 730 days
Procurement Cost: $ 300,000

For usage against minesweepers loaded with wood and small crafts deemed to be uneconomical to engage with the torpedoes (Although, with the cost of modern ships and their crew, only really small crafts are likely to be uneconomical to engage with torpedoesw). The mines uses a magnetic anomaly detector, passive acoustic signal detector, a pressure detector used to detect water displacement caused by enemy ship, and finally, an electro-optical detector used to detect the shadow of enemy ships. It contain a 400kg FOX-7 HE charge. The mines are moored so that it will be 6 meter below the sea surface to deter enemy attempt to detonate the mine via blast and enhance the effect of a blast.

[b]Energy Supply Unit - NMESU/SM0[/b]
Weight: 500kg
Type: Silver-Oxide Battery
Procurement Cost: $ 50,000

A battery moored 6 meter below the sea surface, each battery provides enough power to keep the sensor running at activated state for 3 years, and deactivated state for 10 years.

[b]Anti-Dolphin System[/b]
In order to deter the enemy from using dolphins to clean out the mine, the mine system have a specifically built-in system. Each of the unit emerges a noise at 32000 Hertz at a regular interval (Every 5 seconds) independently, and is set to ignore the noise when it is emerging the noise. This is used to annoy and scare away dolphins, disrupting enemy mine-cleaning operation.

[b]Anti-Handling Measure[/b]
To deter handling by enemy divers or submersible, the mines is installed with anti-handling measure. The mine is booby trapped, to prevent the enemy from attempting to remove the mine sensors. This is done by having the computer onboard the mine detect for attempt to remove the sensor, charge, or fuze. If an enemy attempt to do so, the mine will detonate itself, destroying the adversary with itself.

Besides a booby trap system, the mine is all moored independently, with thick, reinforced steel cables used to connect it to the anchor on the sea floor. This is done so that enemy attempt to cut the cables through explosive and/or wire cutter will be much harder, allowing time for the torpedo or aerial denial mine to react to enemy minesweeping action.

[b]Remote Control, Command & Warning System[/b]
The Central Guidance Units are installed with a pseudorandom encryption code set (Which is preserved by the deployer) before being deployed. This is used to send VLF signal to the minefield, used to deactivate, activate, self-destruct, and to command them to raise the radio / satellite buoys. The system can be "Pinged" to raise its buoys, and send reports of enemy activity. In addition to that, it can send an after action report after engaging enemy shipping or warships by using its radio buoys.

[b]System Cost[/b]
Each system cost a total of 30.5 million NSD to purchase.






[center][b]V-3B Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile[/b][/center]

[b]Sensor Technology for the V-3B Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile[/b]

Attacking a moving target, especially a moving naval target would pose a significant challenge for any missile system. For the V-3B Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile to succeed, the system would need constant updated intelligence from a [b]number[/b] of sensor systems, both land and cosmic based. For the ground detection part of the system, Scientist decided to go with over the horizon (OTH) radar systems. OTH radar systems are primarily employed for early warning purposes, capable of viewing targets beyond the point where the majority of modern radar systems are constrained by the radar horizon.

Scientist had a choice between sky wave and surface wave radar systems. Sky wave radar systems are often more commonly referred to as OTH-B (backscatter) systems The primary drawback of an OTH-B radar is the presence of a large "blind zone", an area where the radar has no viewing capability. This is derived from the fact that the radars function by reflecting radar waves, usually in the 5 to 28 MHz frequency range, off of the Earths ionosphere. These reflected radar waves then reflect off of airborne or surface targets and travel back to the receiver.

When the German scientist saw these issues with the "backscatter" systems, they went with the surface wave radar system. OTH-SW eliminates the "blind zone" found in OTH-B systems. OTH-SW systems diffract radar waves around the Earth along the surface of the ocean, allowing them to travel beyond the traditional radar horizon. OTH-SW uses advanced Doppler processing techniques to filter out surface clutter and allow for accurate target detection.

Beyond that, the Ballistic Missile would also need an array of space sensor technology. This technology would come in the form is newly developed satellites, which will have EO (Earth Obersvation), CCD Imaging (charge-coupled device), and SAR (Synthetic aperture radar). Bringing this altogether will be radar altimeter, to measure the ocean topography, a comm relay network for datalinking the radar information from the other assets (awacs or the like, 400km from the target) and GPS downlinking will work alongside other units to maximize accuracy in hitting ships on the open seas. On the otherhand, the Reich could launch many short duration, micro-Earth Observation satellites in times of conflict.

Another system that will be used will be UAVs. While not needed, they will help by painting a more accurate picture, by doing advanced scouting in front of the war zone. Essentially, the OTH radar will give the base initial idea of incoming fleet. This information would be combined with data of the recon satellites to provide a more precise and more accurate targeting data. In the cruising process, the missile would have to continuously communicate with the base through those new Data relay satellites to improve the precision.

[quote][b][size=3][center]Missile Specifications[/center][/size][/b]

[img]http://img181.imageshack.us/img181/8996/800pxmoscowparad2008bal.jpg[/img]

[b]Name:[/b] V-3B Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile
[b]Weight:[/b] 14,700 kilograms (32,000 lb)
[b]Length:[/b] 10.7 metres (35 ft)
[b]Diameter:[/b] 1.4 metres (4.6 ft)
[b]Warhead:[/b] One Warhead (Conventional or 500KT Nuclear Warhead) or three maneuverable reentry vehicle (Which are capable of switching direction in flight)
[b]Operational Range:[/b] 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi)
[b]Speed Mach:[/b] 10
[b]Missile guidance system:[/b] Initial guidance for the missile is inertial, to plot reentry over the spot where the target should be. Terminal guidance will be imaging radar, autonomous laser targeting, and onboard passive ELINT targetting sensor. The advent of advanced image processing technologies, image recognition couple with autonomous laser targeting introduces greater accuracy.
[b]Space Guidance Systems:[/b] Satellites with EO (Earth Obersvation), CCD Imaging (charge-coupled device), and SAR (Synthetic aperture radar). Bringing this altogether will be radar altimeter, to measure the ocean topography, a comm relay network for datalinking the radar information from the other assets (awacs or the like, 400km from the target) and GPS downlinking
[b]Ground Based Guidance Systems:[/b] Over-The-Horizon Surface Wave (OTH-SW) radar, with a range of 400km
[b]Launch platform:[/b] Mobile launcher or silo[/quote]

Edited May 14, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | Strategic Rocket Forces and Nuclear Forces[/size][/center][/b]

The Strategic Rocket Forces is the main force used for attacking an enemy's offensive nuclear weapons, its military facilities, and its industrial infrastructure. They operate all ground-based intercontinental, intermediate-range, and medium-range nuclear missiles with ranges over 1,000 kilometers. The Strategic Rocket Forces also conducts all space vehicle and missile launches. the Strategic Rocket Forces has over 1,400 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), 300 launch control centers, and twenty-eight missile bases.

Strategic Rocket Forces support also involves launching satellites and other high-value payloads into space using a variety of expendable launch vehicles and operating those satellites once in the medium of space. Space control ensures friendly use of space through the conduct of counterspace operations encompassing surveillance, negation, and protection. Force enhancement provides weather, communications, intelligence, missile warning, and navigation.

The Strategic Rocket Forces also operates and supports the nation'a Global Positioning System, Defense Satellite Communications Systems Phase II and III, Defense Meteorological Support Program, Defense Support Program, DKF III and IV communications and Fleet Satellite Communications System UHF follow-on and IMPSTAR satellites.

Ground-based radars used primarily for ballistic missile warning include the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System, Tactical ICBM Detection System. The S.H.I.E.L.D Optical Tracking Identification Facility, Ground-based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance System, Passive Space Surveillance System, phased-array and mechanical radars, which provide primary space surveillance coverage.

[b]Nuclear Doctrine[/b]

The Doctrine for Special Tactical Weapons Operations cites 8 reasons under which field commanders can ask for permission to use Special Tactical Weapons

[list]

[*]An enemy using or threatening to use WMD against Nordic, multinational, or alliance forces or civilian populations.
[*]To prevent an imminent biological attack.
[*]To attack enemy WMD or its deep hardened bunkers containing WMD that could be used to target Germany or its allies.
[*]To stop potentially overwhelming conventional enemy forces.
[*]To rapidly end a war on favorable Germanic terms.
[*]To make sure Germany and international operations are successful.
[*]To show German intent and capability to use nuclear weapons to deter enemy from using WMDs.
[*]To react to enemy-supplied WMD use by proxies against German and international forces or civilians.
[/list]

[b]Specifications Strategic Weapons:[/b]

[b]V-2012 Intercontinential Ballistic Missile[/b]

Type: Silo/Train/Road - Cold-Launched Ballistic Missile
Primary Function: Strategic First Strike; Deterrent
Manufacturer/Contractor: Los Canas Weapons Industries, Exo-Atmospheric Division
Length: 24.75m
Diameter: 3.5m
Launch Weight: 125,800kg (277,000 lb)
Maximum Payload: 5,200kg; 6,500kg
Range: Unlimited for Intended Purposes[Orbital Trajectory]; 18,000km [Sub-Orbital]
Maximum Speed: 32,000km/h [Mach 26.8]
Propulsion: Four Stage Solid Fuel Rocket
Guidance System: Inertial with Stellar Sensor Update; Terrain Matching Radar for MaIRVs
CEP: 30m
Penetration Aids: Six Decoys[More Depending on Loadout]; Contains Radaring Jamming, Chaff, Flares, and 6 Hypersonic ABM Interceptors

Warhead Variants[LEO Trajectory[1]]:
[A] 10x 'Blue Star' W89 500kT 'Clean' Thermonuclear MaIRVs
[C] 6x 'Blue Star' W89-ER 500kT 'Enhanced Radiation' Thermonuclear MaIRVs
[D] 8x 'Blue Rod' SIM-666 Anti-Satellite Kinetic Kill Vehicle
[E] 9x 'Blue Point' W87 150kT Thermonuclear MaIRVs

--

[b]Radiological Bombs[/b]

[b]The Weapon[/b]

The weapon, being developed in Unyielding Justice, features 3 radioactive fragments that are created through uranium-235 fission. Most of these fragments are highly unstable and radioactive including [b]ceasium 137, radioiodine, and strontium-90[/b].

Most of these fragments will be obtained from the following:

[list]

[*][b]Uranium-235[/b] will be obtained from two Nuclear Fuel Fabrication Plants. The total will be 200 metric tons, with more planned depending on weapon development output.
[*][b]Radioiodine[/b] will be obtained from nuclear testing facilities
[*][b]Strontium-90[/b] will be obtained from trade agreements with our friends in the UFE.
[/list]

These three deadly radioactive materials will be combined to produce a deadly a most potent and deadly permutation. In the end, this weapon will become one of the most deadly weapons in the world in liquid or chemical form

[b]Method for Mixing[/b]

In order to maintain the potency of the weapon, Stahl Arms scientist has developed an underwater mixing method. Contact with oxygen can dilute the bsq/m2 levels levels of the agents. Water acts as a conductor and lubricant that allows the materials to maintain the highest level of radioactive effectiveness. The process of mixing and depositing the materials underwater takes 3 - 4 hours.

[b]Weapon Effects[/b]

While most nuclear fragments are absorbed through the air, the combined materials in this weapon will allow for the fragments to be absorbed through the air and skin.

Dosage of radiation between 1000 rem and 5000 rem can result in acute radiation poisoning and is fatal 90% of the time after two weeks. The weapon, itself, contains 9000 rem. 10 hours after exposure to such a weapon, the victim will begin to experience the walking ghost phase. While the irradiation has resulted in bone marrow destruction and death of many rapidly multiplying cells, the surface effects do not become apparent until later. For example, irradiation kills the rapidly dividing cells of the gastrointestinal tract; however, diarrhea is not apparent until the cells begin to slough off, coming out in bloody excrement.

Loss of this protective lining exposes the body to bacteria within the gut causing sepsis. Also, this causes an inability to absorb nutrition from food. This is the same with the rapidly proliferating cells of the immune system. Irradiation essentially halts white blood cell production by destroying bone marrow, however the remaining white blood cells within the body are still temporarily working, until they are "used up". Anemia develops more slowly, because preexisting red blood cells have a longer life span than white blood cells and platelets.

The effects on the environment will be severe as well. All lakes in the area will be contaminated; while, the air will be considered too hazardous to breath. Essentially, areas within a 200 mile radius of the bomb impact zone will be rendered completely uninhabitable for years to come.

In addition, because of the contaminated soil being whipped into the air constantly, there is a severe risk for Chromosomal Abnormality, Leukemia, and Anemia.

--

[b]Nuclear Stockpile[/b]

1,300 V-2012 Intercontinential Ballistic Missile
1,500 75KT Nuclear Artillery Shells
500x 350KT Aurora Hypersonic Cruise Missile
400x 150KT LV-21 Torpedos


[b][center][size="5"]Detailed Look | Reich National Reserve[/size][/center][/b]

The Reich National Reserve is the national defense reserve of Greater Germany. The goal of the ReicH National Reserve is to provide a well-trained stream of forces to replace losses which might come from combat. Soldiers will retain a reserve obligation until age fifty. For officers, the reserve obligation will be extended to sixty-five. Reserves will be divided into two categories of three classes based on age and the amount of refresher training they are supposed to receive after mobilization. Reservist will be subject to periodic call-ups for active duty or training in the local garrison. Reserves, together with additional equipment mobilized in wartime, would replace any losses the Armed Forces would receive during wartime.

Heer Reserves: 950,000
Luftwaffe Reserves: 429,638
Kriegsmarine Reserves: 301,689

The Reich National Reserve will also manage the nation's military stockpile

1 Million - XE-101 Xenias Infantry Combat Uniforms
8,000 - Arca IV Nakil Main Battle Tanks
4,000 - Shalmasear Armoured Personnel Carrier
9,000 - SdKfz 124 Self Propelled Howitzer
8,000 - G17 Self-Propelled 254mm Mortar
25,000 - Panzerschreck Ausf.B Advanced, Fire-and-Forget Anti-Tank Guided-Missile
30,000 - StAhl-3 Man-portable Air Defence System

For the Airforce

95 Squadrons -
40 Lu-65 Air Superiority Fighter Squadrons
30 Lu-67 Multi-Role Fighter Squadrons
10 GLI-133 Ank'ríat Heavy Bomber Squadrons
15 GLI-122 Blitz Bomber Squadrons
30,000 RIM-703 Long Range Ballistic Missile Interceptor
25,000 RIM-702 Ultra Long Range Surface to Air Missile
25,000 RIM-700 Medium Range Surface to Air Missile
12,000 RIM-701 Long Range Surface to Air Missile
9,000 AS-23 Long Range Cruise Missile
10,000 Germania-1 New Tactical Air-to-Surface Missile
9,000 Valhalla Air-Launched Air Defence Suppression Missile
10,000 ATAIM-8 Advanced Tactical Air Intercept Munition | Cross-platform Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile (XSRAAM)
15,000 ATAIM-9 Advanced Tactical Air Intercept Munition | Cross-platform Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (XMRAAM)

--

For the Imperial Navy, the Imperial Reserve Fleet will be established. The Imperial Reserve Fleet will consist of ships that can be activated within 20 to 120 days to provide shipping for the Empire of Dalmatia during national emergencies. The Imperial Reserve Fleet will consist of the following:

7x Fyre Islands Class Landing Ship [LSD]
10x ''Wilhelm Gustloff' Class Guided Missile Corvette [KG]
9x 'Schleswig-Hol'-Class Guided Missile Battleship [BBGN]
9x 'North Point’ Apostolov'-Class Guided Missile Cruiser[CGN]
9x 'Germania'-Class Guided Missile Frigate [FGN]
9x 'Keil'-Class Guided Missile Destroyer [DGN]
24x Jörmungandr-Class Nuclear Attack Submarine
6x 'Visari'-Class Fleet Carrier

Edited May 11, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Military Intelligence | Imperial Intelligence [/size][/center][/b]

Imperial Intelligence is the elite intelligence agency of the Empire.

The mission of Imperial Intelligence is to support the Autarch, Imperial High Command, and all officials who make and execute Imperial policy by:

Providing accurate, comprehensive, and timely foreign intelligence on all security topics.

Conducting counterintelligence activities, special activities, and other functions related to foreign intelligence and state security, as directed by the Kaiser.

Providing advisory to all branches of the Empire on foreign intelligence matters.
-- To accomplish its mission, Imperial Intelligence engages in research, development, and deployment of high-leverage technology for intelligence purposes. As a separate branch, Imperial Intelligence serves as an independent source of analysis on topics of concern and also works closely with the other organizations in the Security Council to ensure that the intelligence consumer - battlefield Commander - receives the best intelligence possible.

As changing realities have re-ordered the security agenda, Imperial Intelligence has met these new challenges by:

Creating special, multi-disciplinary centers to address such high-priority issues such as nonproliferation, counter-terrorism, counterintelligence, organized crime and narcotics trafficking, environment, and arms control intelligence.

Forging stronger partnerships between the several intelligence collection disciplines and all-source analysis.
Taking an active part in Intelligence Community analytical efforts and producing all-source analysis on the full range of topics that affect Imperial security.

Contributing to the effectiveness of the overall Intelligence Community by managing services of common concern in imagery analysis and open-source collection and participating in partnerships with other intelligence agencies in the areas of research and development and technical collection.

[b]Command System[/b]

Unlike the Imperial Security Bureau, intel personnel are not organized according to a military-style system of ranks. Rather, they are assigned on a case-by-case basis. They are formally addressed as "Agent (Name)", in lieu of a rank.

[b]The Director of Imperial Intelligence:[/b]

Director of Imperial Intelligence is the representative and chief of staff for the Ubiqtorate, and Bureau Chiefs within Imperial Intelligence. The Director is responsible for establishing and managing the state's methods and support systems for acquiring, sorting, and analysing information and threats to the Empire. Operations requiring the waging of unconventional warfare or the use of deniable assets will commonly come under the hand of the Director as well. While a civilian, the Director of Imperial Intelligence is afforded a great range of movement within military matters, advising as available. Ultimately, the Director is responsible for the administration and execution of all affairs within and undertaken by Imperial Intelligence, and reports only to the Autarch and Military High Command.

[b]The Deputy Director of Imperial Intelligence[/b]

The Deputy Director of Imperial Intelligence is the Executive Officer of Imperial Intelligence. The Deputy Director is responsible for managing personnel and resource allocations within the various Bureaus and Branches. The Deputy Director will also perform tasks as required by the Director of Imperial Intelligence, and will succeed the Director of Imperial Intelligence.

[b]Bureau Chiefs of Imperial Intelligence[/b]

The Bureau Chief is the Chief of all personnel and management in their assigned Bureau. The Bureau Chief will supervise all Operations and Missions the Bureau is assigned, and the Bureau Chief will present all results to the Ubiqtorate.

[b]Ubiqtorate[/b]

The Ubiqtorate oversees all of the activities of Intelligence at the highest levels. Details and tactical considerations are decided by the appropriate bureau or branch of Imperial Intelligence. The Ubiqtorate never concerns itself with those. The Ubiqtorate formulates strategies for the bureaus of Imperial Intelligence or, as has recently become common, presents the bureaus with a set of goals and very broad grand strategic considerations and asks them to plan an effective strategy. With the exception of Adjustments, members of the Ubiqtorate never have any communication with personnel at the sector level. They would certainly never deal with an individual field agent.

[b]Adjustments[/b]

Adjustments is the most elite branch of Imperial Intelligence, with the exception for the Ubiqtorate, which directly controlls Adjustments. Adjustment agents are called in when the Ubiqtorate felt that a critical situation had slipped from the control of Imperial Intelligence, and that the situation was beyond the normal capabilities of the bureaus, yet was not completely hopeless in resolving. Agents of Adjustments would receive orders directly and in person from the Ubiqtorate. Ubiqtorate would inform Adjustments what the problem was, what resources were available to find a solution to the problem, and the Adjustments team would then solve the situation. No record of their orders was ever kept and no mission files existed within the Plexis for these agents.

[b]Internal Organization Bureau[/b]

Called "IntOrg" by those within Imperial Intelligence, this bureau's mandate is to protect Imperial Intelligence's security from outside threats and those which might be generated from within. As IntOrg must deal with the rest of Imperial Intelligence, its agents have cultivated a highly civil manner and a strong sense of political etiquette, and then combined those with complete ruthlessness when the stakes are high and the threat is real.

Internal Counterintelligence Branch (IntCon) looks for enemy agents or spy rings which may have been implanted in Imperial Intelligence by enemies or other forces inimical to the New Order. Through Sector Plexus, they have an extraordinary freedom to access any data they may consider useful, in many cases obtaining the information more readily than would a member of the Ubiqtorate. IntCon deals with all levels of Imperial Intelligence.

Internal Security Branch (IntSec) is responsible for the physical security of the personnel,materiel and facilities of Imperial Intelligence.

[b]Bureau of Analysis (Analysis)[/b]

This bureau handles gargantuan amounts of data from tens of millions of sources. In addition to looking for enemy activity, it looks for patterns or trends in social data, which might be useful to the agents over in Intelligence. Analysis also handles, examines and copies useful technologies, even developing a few of their own.

The Media Bureau, of the Bureau of Analysis, pores over public scandocs, newsdocs, holos, comlinks, beamcasts, every form of media in the Reich, looking for patterns or hidden meanings which might betray a clue as to an enemy's plans and operations. Media can, with substantial assistance from Sector Plexus and the Imperial CompLink, give at least a cursory examination of all media in the Empire simultaneously. While they regularly concentrate on a significantly smaller portion of the Empire, they do cast their net wide often enough to make a professional judgment as to whether or not a new media source should be monitored on a more regular basis.

While Media monitors the intended message, Signal examines the channel through which the information was transmitted. The Signal Bureau samples and checks carrierwave codes and CompLink protocols, scan rates on scandocs and imagepacks on holos to see if any information is being squeezed into the space between what a citizen would ordinarily sense. Signal examines line noise to see if it might contain a pattern rather than random error. Broadcasts and beamcasts are examined to see if the backup information sent with the primary information actually matches and, if not, how they differ.

When Media or Signal finds evidence of coded communication, they give it to the Cryptanalysis. Cryptanalysis are tasked with decoding possible enemy communications.

Tech Analysis has two jobs — to figure out how anenemy's hardware works, and to provide Reich intelligence with hardware which is superior to that. Tech has a lavish budget and a number of highly skilled personnel whose moments of brilliant inspiration can translate into innovative technology.

[b]Bureau of Intelligence[/b]

When Analysis finishes sorting, cleaning, decoding, or otherwise manipulating the data sent to them, they pass it on to Intelligence. Intelligence has culled experts from all over the Empire. They have recruited military experts, cultural experts, experts in politics, economics, science and technology, universities, corporations, provincial governments, artistic movements, religious movements, the media, the underworld - they have pulled in experts from nearly every conceivable place or organization, including some turncoats.

Intelligence combines the vast knowledge of its agents with the most sophisticated computer models in the world to predict trends or future actions of the enemies of the New Order. These predictions are refined into reports transmitted to the Ubiqtorate. From these reports, the Ubiqtorate establishes priorities and sets strategies for the whole of Reich Intelligence.

An Imporant branch of the Bureau of Intelligence is Excomm. ExComm is a branch with its own communications equipment. While much smaller than Sector Plexus, ExComm is used for emergency communication with system cells, or for priority communications with the military forces of the Empire. ExComm is used for those rare times when the labyrinthine communication works of Sector Plexus are just not quick enough.

Another important branch is Sedition. Sedition is a branch of the Bureau of Intelligence which specializes in knowledge and predictions on organized opposition to the Reich. Sedition has been growing rapidly in the past few years, keeping pace with the possible increased resentment to the Kaiser's rule.

Crisis is not a permanent branch of Intelligence. It is created as need arises, a Crisis branch for each active hot spot within the world. A Crisis branch is in constant contact with the Ubiqtorate, and ExComm facilities are at their disposal for direct contacts with Gauleiters, and even the Emperor if the situation is dire enough.

The sector branches are the basic divisions of Intelligence. There is a sector branch for each sector in the Empire as well as each continent in the world, and each sector branch has scores or hundreds of experts within it. Sedition and Crisis draw from the sector branches as is appropriate for the situation currently under consideration.

[b]Bureau of Operations (Operations)[/b]

Of all the bureaus in Imperial Intelligence, this is the one which is called the "Bureau"; no one in the Empire for more than a few days would call it anything else. Operating in the strictest secrecy, the Bureau conducts all manners of clandestine and special operations and information gathering for Imperial Intelligence.

An important department in the Operations Bureau is Serveillance. A point of pride with Surveillance is their small size, especially in comparison with the huge organization maintained by Imperial Security Bureau. Imperial Intelligence has less the one agent in Surveillance for every 70 so dedicated in the ISB, yet Surveillance successfully keeps watch on more serious threats to the Empire than does the ISB.

Intelligence gives Surveillance megascandocs of material on potential enemies of the New Order; the genius of Surveillance is the ability to sort through the information and unerringly select suspects who are currently involved in anti-Imperial activity. Surveillance agents are thoroughly briefed on everything which is known about the suspect. Often more than one agent is selected for an important case, and Surveillance actively solicits the help of any available system cells.

The second deparment in the operations bureau is Infiltration. After indoctrination, Infiltration agents are often reassigned to Intelligence, assigned as assistants to a few sector branches, and then assigned to Sedition (Intelligence Bureau). Double-agents are active operatives, taking part in enemy actions against the Empire. Their job is to give Imperial Intelligence good enough information to allow the Empire to do greater damage than the double-agent's perations do to the Empire.

Diplomatic Services is the catch-all branch of the Bureau. It provides a sizable portion of the personnel for trade and diplomatic missionsm found in Imperial garrisons, as well as political experts for foreign governments and Moffs. Many of these personnel are well trained and expected to perform only their overt duties, with the exception of reporting their action to Imperial Intelligence.

Renik is a branch in the Bureau of Operations in charge of counterintelligence, which is the art of identifying and dismantling enemy spy operations, within the Reich. If a particular spy operation is considered to be potentially useful, Renik hands over all information on the enemy operation to Infiltration, which takes it from there. If the enemy group is considered insignificant or too dangerous to allow continued operations, Renik destroys it.

Referred to as "the quiet branch," no one hears much about Destabilization (DESTAB). Destabilization is the branch which specializes in "taking the fabric which holds a people, society or government together and unraveling it." Agents from other branches suggest Destab's methods more closely resemble shredding.

Edited January 14, 2011 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Internal Security | Protecting the People [/size][/center][/b]

In all major cities and on the outskirts, various WMD protection systems were set up. These systems will use Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) equipment. They will be able to detect WMDs in an number of ways.

[list=1]

[*]1. Photons from the beam scatter (Raman scattering) when they collide with the suspected agent and some are sent back to a telescope on the sensor platform.
[*]2. Every agent has a specific scattering pattern, therefore the received pattern is compared to a database of known agents (there are tens of thousands in the system) to look for a match.
[*]3. Low false-positive returns: false alarms have devastating economic and psychological impact.
[*]4. Continuous monitoring and feedback; including all-weather and day/night functioning.
[*]5. Ability to track movement of airborne or surface agents
[/list]

In addition to the steps undertaken by the government to protect the people, the government has also authorized the production of Level C Radiation and Biological protection suits for civilian use. The Level C containment suits will contain splash suits providing a lesser level of protection than Level B and will be worn with a respirator or gas mask.

Civilians are encouraged to pick up these suits at various military depots set up around the country. In addition to the handing out of safety suits, thousands of underground bunkers are build in strategic locations throughout the country. These massive underground bunkers are capable of holding over 14,000 citizens. Each bunker will contain a large enough supply of food and other items to last well-over 60 days.

[b]Electromagnetic pulse Protection[/b]

All military and civilian communications, hardware, and other basic necessities are protected against electromagnetic pulses

Edited January 15, 2011 by Malatose

[Malatose]

[b][center][size="5"]Geography | A look at the wonders of the Reich[/size][/center][/b]

[center][size=3][b]Welthauptstadt Germania[/b][/size][/center]

[center][img]http://img706.imageshack.us/img706/4326/meduzartssubaruep3conce.jpg[/img][/center]

Welthauptstadt Germania is the seat of power in the Greater German Reich. Designed to be the jewel of Europe, the capital encorporates the latest technology, such as holographic displays, fusion power, high speed rail and various maglev systems. The capital is divided into sectors. Each sector of the capital had it's own designated function for particular purposes, such as governmental and senatorial, financial (including banking zones), residential, and commercial.

[b]Sights and tourist attractions:[/b]

[img]http://img209.imageshack.us/img209/580/visarimemorial.jpg[/img]
[img]http://img17.imageshack.us/img17/2647/visarisquareevent.jpg[/img]
[img]http://img828.imageshack.us/img828/6899/testest.jpg[/img]
Scolar Visari PLATZ (Berlin, Reich) – The greatest plaza of the Welthauptstadt. The Party celebrations of 1st of May are held here since there´s room for about 1 000 000 visitors. During the cold winter the plaza is freezing due of the cold winds. It is roughly the same size with the Tiananmen Square in Beijing.

[img]http://img140.imageshack.us/img140/5629/palacet.jpg[/img]
Reich Chancellery (Berlin, Reich) - The official apartment and office of Germany´s Reichskanzler and the meeting place for the Reich Cabinet.

The Chancellery grounds is home home to more than fifty connected structures and more than twenty thousand rooms; some of the rooms, like the famous Grand Corridor, were themselves kilometers long. The Palace complex was so large and extensive that it served simultaneously as the government district, housing a fully-equipped medical sub-complex and a number of offices and headquarters, including the War Room, the Admiral’s Office, the Crypt (a cryptologic center, not a burial vault), and the Reich' Information Center.

The residential district of the Chancellery complex is accessible through the Grand Corridor, including the wood-paneled Reichspräsident's Guests Floor; the Reichskanzler's actual living space is a tiny fraction of the Chancellery called the Residence, a suite of residential rooms, studies, private audience chambers, libraries, and art galleries deep in the core of the main building reserved for his personal use (the Residence was equipped with viewports designed to simulate the view of the outside exactly, creating the illusion that it was perched atop the main pyramid rather than nestled deep within it).

The Palace included a number of throne rooms and audience chambers, including the famous Chamber of the Reichskanzlers Presence, a cavernous room modeled on the Reichstag with the throne on a raised column where it was bathed in illumination from prismatic skylights; it is from this chamber that he gave most of his public addresses.

[img]http://img31.imageshack.us/img31/3743/okwa.jpg[/img]

OBERKOMMANDO DER WEHRMACHT (Berlin, Reich) – The official Headquarters of the Heer, Kriegsmarine, Luftwaffe, and other Wehrmacht branches in the Ost-West-Achsel. In the center of the massive complex is the strategy room, which houses a state of the art holographic display system and various other systems needed to wage a modern war. The Wehrmacht is a part of Berlin´s Grand Tour because of the enormous military museum that´s part of the building.

[img]http://img109.imageshack.us/img109/3797/reichsbank.png[/img]

REICHSBANK (Berlin, Reich) – The center of Reich´s economy is a scyscraper four blok south from Branderburger Gate in the side of the Unter-der-Linden. The Reichsbank has over 8000 workers and it´s as large as the Reichstag. It represents new architecture with it´s huge walls of chrome and glass.

[img]http://img827.imageshack.us/img827/9417/visaripicture.jpg[/img] [img]http://img267.imageshack.us/img267/6967/289pxkz012.jpg[/img]
[img]http://img849.imageshack.us/img849/2501/10026047.jpg[/img]
[size="1"][i]Scolar Visari is still a very prominate figure in Greater Germany[/i][/size]
[img]http://img708.imageshack.us/img708/6605/snap010h.png[/img]
[size="1"][i]Portrait depicting the terrorist nuking of Berlin.[/i][/size]

REICHSMUSEUM (Berlin, Reich) – A place where all the national treasures are kept. This includes the piano of Richard Wagner, the treasure of Troy discovered by Schliemann, the sword of Charlemagne and the Spear of Longinus. Newer material include the first ever-built Volkswagen, Sternwagen-9 from the first Lunar mission and the famous space suit of cosmonaut Otto Hansbacher. Various theme expeditions of the museum include the ”Erotic room” of Czarina Catherine the Great and other valued materials that were evaquated from the Caucuses.

REICHSTAG (Berlin, Reich) - One of the largest buildings in the Capital. A colossal copper-green cupola rises to 290 meters from sealevel, and in the top a golden eagle holds the globe in it´s grip. The main auditorium can hold a meeting of 150 000 people. Sessions of the German Reichstag are held here, alongside party meetings, concerts, and several other important state-level happenings. Without question the most populous tourist attraction of Berlin, and a landmark that symbolizes the city as well as the Eiffel Tower symbolizes Paris and the Statue of Liberty symbolizes New York.

DER TRIUMPFBOGEN(Berlin, Reich) – A great triumphal arch standing in the height of 122 meters in the beginning of the shady Prachtsrasse shadowed by lindens and elms. The wide plaza next to it is surrounded by 24 captured artillery pieces from the war in the Caucuses. The names of every German soldier who died in the war are carved to the vault of the arch with golden letters .

TOTENBURG (Bialystok, Reich) - A huge stone tower and memorial area dedicated to the victims of all European wars, symbolizing Europe´s liberation of communism.

[center][img]http://img14.imageshack.us/img14/6066/berlinlw7.jpg[/img][/center]
[center][b]Regensburg: The Cultural Home of the Nordic Socialist Party[/b][/center]

Regensburg is the cultural home of the Nordic Socialist Party. Upon his ascension to power, Reichskanzler Visari ordered that the entire area be restructured to incorporate "Nordic" architecture throughout the city in Bavaria.

[center][b]Specifications of Rugensburg[/b][/center]

[b]The Avenue Of Victory[/b]

Rugensburg was reorganized along a central three-mile long boulevard known as the Avenue of Victory. This would run south from a crossroads with the East-West Axis, following the course of the old Siegesallee through the Tiergarten before contininuing down to an area just west of Tempelhof Airport. This new North-South Axis will serve as a parade ground and would be closed off to traffic. During parades, Vehicles will be diverted into an underground highway running directly underneath the parade route. Two new railway stations will be built on the city's main S-Bahn ring with the Nordbahnhof in Wedding and the larger Südbahnhof in Tempelhof-Schöneberg at the southern end of the avenue.

[b]The Grosser Platz[/b]

At the northern end of the avenue on the north side of the East-West Axis is a large open forum known as the Grosser Platz with an area of around 350,000 square metres. This square is to be surrounded by the grandest buildings of all, with the Nordic Socialist Hall of Victory on the west side, the Volkshalle on the east side and the High Command of the German Army on the south side (on either side of the square's entrance from the Avenue of Victory).

[b]The Volkshalle (“People's Hall”), also called Große Halle (“Great Hall”) or Ruhmeshalle (“Hall of Fame”)[/b]

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On the north side of the plaza, a large dome, known as the Volkshalle was constructed. The oculus of the building's dome, 46 metres (150 ft) in diameter, is large enough to accommodate the entire rotunda of Hadrian's Pantheon and the dome of St. Peter's Basilica. The dome of the People's Assembly rises from a massive granite podium 315 by 315 metres (1,030 ft × 1,030 ft) and 74 metres (240 ft) high, to a total inclusive height of 290 metres (950 ft). The diameter of the dome is 250 metres (820 ft).

The large niche (50 metres high by 28 metres wide) at the north end of the Volkshalle is surfaced with gold mosaic and designed to enclose an eagle 24 metres (79 ft) high, beneath which was situated Visari's tribunal. From here he would address 180,000 listeners, some standing in the central round arena, others seated in three concentric tiers of seats crowned by one hundred marble pillars, 24 metres (79 ft) high, which rose to meet the base of the coffered ceiling suspended from steel girders sheathed on the exterior with copper.

On top of the dome's lantern was an eagle grasping in its claws on the globe of the Earth (Erdball).

[b]The Arch Of Triumph[/b]

Towards the southern end of the avenue is an arch based on the Arc de Triomphe, in Paris, but again, much larger; it is 330 feet high, and the Arc de Triomphe is able to easily fit inside its opening.

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[b]Reich Museum of Art[/b]

The Museum of Art will be seven stories and have total floor area of 112,000 sq m, 2,800 rooms, 7 km of corridors, over 4,000 windows, and 17 stairways. The Museum will contain a collection of art from every ethnic group in the Greater German Reich.

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[b]Soldiers Hall[/b]

One of the most prominent memorial buildings intended to commemorate Germany's past and anticipated military glory is the Soldier's Hall. This building promotes the regime's glorification of war, patriotic self-sacrifice and virtutes militares. The main architectural features of this building are overtly Roman. Inside of the main hall, military weapons and flags captured from enemies are placed put on display.

A groin-vaulted crypt beneath the main barrel-vaulted hall is built as a pantheon of German Field Marshals of the past, present and future exhibited here in effigy. In addition, it functions as a herõon, since the bones of Frederick the Great are placed in the building. Regular German soldiers, who died in past wars, also have their names placed on display.

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[b]Reich Stadium[/b]

The Reich Stadium was aspired by the Panathenaic Stadium of Athens. Since the stadium was not set like the Panathenaic Stadium structure at the bottom of a gully, but on a flat area of land (24 hectares), its five tiers of seats for 400,000 spectators had to be supported in the usual Roman manner by massive barrel vaults. The external façade of pink granite blocks, which would have risen to a height of about 90 metres (about 100 yards), consisted of a series of arches 65 metres (about 71 yards) high resting on a podium of dark red granite.

In order to deliver such a vast number of spectators to their sets quickly, express lifts were to be installed to take spectators 100 at a time to seats on the top three tiers. The short transverse axis of the stadium culminated at each of its ends in a raised pulvinar (Ehrentribüne) for the Kaiser, special guests and the press.

[center][size=3][b]Other Cities in the Reich[/b][/size][/center]

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[b]Vienna[/b]

The twin capitol of the Reich, the cradle of Ostmarkian culture. Here the atmosphere is much more relaxed than in Berlin. Countless cafes, theathers and the famous opera house. Vienna is the economical center of the Eastern Economic Sphere.

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[b]Hamburg[/b]

The second-largest city of the Reich works as the center of economy in western Europe. It is a world of suitcases and suits, but some districts of the old city still uphold the delightful traditions of this old hansa town.

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[b]München (Munich)[/b]

The birth place of Nordic Socialism. München is proud of it´s Bavarian traditions of sausages and Octoberfest. Every proper Nordic Socialist comes here for a tourist visit to see the Siegessaule and other attractions. The other end of the famous Berlin-Nürnberg-München-autobahn (Parteiautobahn).

SIEGESSÄULE (München, Reich) - The Statue of Victory is nearly hundred meters high, and styled like the Roman victory column. The Party´s eagle decorates the top. Popular outlook tower.

ART GALLERY OF MÜNCHEN (München, Reich) the largest single art collection of Reich, filled with work of the old masters all over the Europe.

BRAUNES HAUS (München, Reich) - The first Party headquarters in München is still a popular visiting place. Currently the building hosts a museum of Nordic Socialist Party with many interesting curiosites.

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[b]Köln (Cologne)[/b]

The fourth-largest city of the Reich and one of the major centers of Reich education. The University of Cologne (Universität zu Köln) is located here and is one of Europe's oldest and largest universities.

Cologne is a major cultural centre of the Rhineland and has a vibrant arts scene. Cologne is home to more than 30 museums and hundreds of galleries. Exhibitions range from local ancient Roman archeological sites to contemporary graphics and sculpture.

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[b]Rugen[/b]

A major beach vacation area build by Kraft durch Freude near Stettin in the Baltic Sea. 75 kilometers of sandy beach, yearly capacity of 14 million tourists. The common German worker has his annual holidays here if he cannot affort a trip to Taurida and Gotenland.

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[b]Warsau-Martenheim[/b]

Warsaw-Martenheim is one of the oldest cities in Europe and the world. It is known as a bastion of Slavic and Nordic relations--including being the birthplace of Greater Nordland. The city is currently the seat of the Prussian military and a large amount of Prussian industry and population.

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GOTENLAND (Krimea, Taurida) - Most popular vacation area in the Reich. Large numbers of German settlers have moved in to Gotenland (former Krimea)where they live alongside with the Russian and Tatar minorities. KdF and Lufthansa transport tens of thousands of tourists every week to enjoy the southern warmth, the Black Sea and the exotic culture.

[b][center][size="5"]Geography |Life in the Reich[/size][/center][/b]

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The majority of flats in residential areas are owned by individual inhabitants, since the regulated housing policy of the Party have made cheap, state-warranted loans available to all citizens. The industrial centers and university areas also have many rental apartments. The state also controls the water, electricity, and the amount of rent in order to keep the costs of living at acceptable levels.

The most popular apartments are located to new Neojugend neighborhoods. These kind of highly developed national romantic quarters are found from all larger cities. They are build close to wide parks with playgrounds, artificial lakes, pedestrian streets and sport halls. The houses have visually impressive facades and public spaces, and at the same time they have all the requirements of modern technology available to individual apartments.

The environmental questions have been especially kept in mind, since all housing tracts are build away from the noise of the traffic, smoke, and the pollution of industry.

[b]Reich Citizenship ID System[/b]

The Reich Citizenship ID is a smart card with wide number of encoded identification information: race, nationality, genetic background, blood type, fingerprints, profile of iris, possible criminal record, rights, permissions, medical records and testimonials. The authorities have the right to check the identity of all citizens when necessary. The Reich Citizenship ID System works as a key card, bank card, and it can also used as an electronic payment instrument that allows easy way to deal with every-day small purchases.

The Reich Citizenship ID System is the only officially acknowledged identification card in the Reich. All citizens of the Reich have to carry it at all times. The card is personal and it´s misuse is almost impossible. All persons found without their cards can be arrested until their identity can be confirmed. After this the citizen gets a new card and a fine of 500 RM.

[b]Public transportation[/b]

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Yet there is no doubt about the most cheapest, nicest and practical way of traveling in Europe: railway. The Reich´s railways together with the EuroBahn-network transport people and goods by four types of trains. The frequent stop trains ferry workers from the suburbs, centrum and industrial areas, while also maintaining connections to the countryside. The express-trains take care of long-distance connections and between major centers movement is conducted by Maglev-type fast trains. The tickets of local trains are about 2-4 RM, express train tickets cost 10-50 RM. Maglev between Berlin-Hamburg costs about 30 RM. All war veterans, pensioners, students and children have discounts.

[b]Education and Youth[/b]

Education in the Reich is composed of two branches: Liberal Arts and Political Education. Minimum education is compulsory to all citizens. After leaving elementary school, people can choose between upper secondary schools and vocational schools. In higher education, biology and history are the most important subjects. After upper secondary schools, citizens can apply for one of the famed universities of the Reich.

The political training is aimed to guarantee the future of the Party, and it also has three parts. Only the best get in to these elite educational units. The national Scolar Visari-schools have spartan education methods. The young cadets are trained to be physically and mentally strong, humble and unselfish. After their basic training they continue their studies in Napola (Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalten) where they primarily study political science, history and moral philosophy.

The best of these chosen few have the chance to apply for one of the seven Ordensburgs of Europe, where they are prepared to became visionaries and leaders of tomorrow. The four-year education program of these facilities is both top-quality and highly demanding. The first year contains social biology, evolutionary psychology and natural sciences. The second year is more physical in nature, and focuses on sports, mountaineering and parachuting. The third year focuses to economics and military theories, and the fourth and final year is composed of studies of politics, mythology and philosophy.

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[size="1"]A typical Visarijugend-camp located in Keil[/size]

Between the ages of 14 and 18, all youth must enlist in the Party´s youth association, the Visarijugend, despite their gender or the social status of their parents. The Visarijugend offers something for everyone: arts and sciences, handicrafts, sports, riding, glider flights, journalism and music. The main goal of this organization is to "create a new human who is physically and mentally well developed." The official fact sheet of the VJ promises: "The physical health, beauty and harmony of our youth is cultivated in equal fashion with their mental abilities and their strength of will. These ideals lead us back to the golden days of the Classical age of Sparta and Olympia."

The upbringing focuses to hiking trips, camps and evening gatherings around the campfires. The training areas of the Visarijugend are always located in special places surrounded by wild nature. The days spent here are filled with life lessons, gymnastics, sports, singing and camping.

"The continuous presence of clean nature strengthens the muscles and the will of our youth, they are able to breath freely in the fresh air and most importantly their eyes are open to see the special relationship between the nature and humans" the same fact sheet continues.

In addition to this, the Visarijugend camps have to take care of their own needs and supply. Therefore. they have their own kitchen gardens and cattle. This guarantees that young people living in cities have contact with the earth and animals, and they learn to value them afterwards. This enables them to learn cooking, survival in nature, and the general knowledge of rural life - skills that would otherwise be lost due the urbanization.

After finishing their service in the Visarijugend at the age of 19, all Visarijugend members must spend two months as a worker in the Reich Labour Service. Even though modern machinery would perform their work faster and more efficiently, this kind of work service is seen as a valuable part of their ideological upbringing. It allows the youth to develop a healthy respect towards hard work and gives them a chance to work together towards the common good and love of their nation.

Edited May 22, 2012 by Malatose

[Malatose]

PlaceHolder

Edited May 14, 2012 by Malatose